摘自百度百科
sftp是Secure File Transfer Protocol的缩写，安全文件传送协议。可以为传输文件提供一种安全的加密方法。
sftp 与 ftp 有着几乎一样的语法和功能。
SFTP 为 SSH的一部份，是一种传输档案至 Blogger 伺服器的安全方式。
其实在SSH软件包中，已经包含了一个叫作SFTP(Secure File Transfer Protocol的安全文件传输子系统，SFTP本身没有单独的守护进程，它必须使用sshd守护进程（端口号默认是22）来完成相应的连接操作，所以从某种意义上来说，SFTP并不像一个服务器程序，而更像是一个客户端程序。SFTP同样是使用加密传输认证信息和传输的数据，所以，使用SFTP是非常安全的。
但是，由于这种传输方式使用了加密/解密技术，所以传输效率比普通的FTP要低得多，如果您对网络安全性要求更高时，可以使用SFTP代替FTP。
1.WinSCP部分
1.1 cmd命令行实例
Microsoft Windows XP [Version 5.1.2600]
(C) Copyright 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp.
C:\Documents and Settings\sobne>d:
D:\>cd winscp437
D:\winscp437>WinSCP
winscp> open ftp://username:[email protected] or hostname
Connecting to 172.0.0.1 ...
Connected with 172.0.0.1. Waiting for welcome message...
Connected
Starting the session...
Reading remote directory...
Session started.
Active session: [1] [email protected]
winscp> put d:\psftp.exe WinSCP/psftp.exe
d:\psftp.exe | 320 KiB | 608.0 KiB/s | binary | 100%
winscp> get 20120420020049.txt
20120420020049.tx | 0 KiB | 0.0 KiB/s | ascii | 100%
winscp> get 20120420020049.txt c:\t2.txt
20120420020049.tx | 0 KiB | 0.0 KiB/s | ascii | 100%
winscp>
1.2 Batch批处理实例
将下面语句存入1.txt:
option batch on option confirm off # Connect using a password # open 用户名:密码@主机 # Connect open 用户名:密码@主机 cd /home/user option transfer binary get /root/test.c d:/ put d:/test.txt close exit
执行脚本
winscp.exe /console /script=1.txt
1.3 C#程序实现
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Diagnostics;
namespace SFTP { public class WinSCPtest { public string shellName { get { return "D:\\winscp437\\WinSCP.com"; } } public string userName { get { return "username"; } } public string userPassWord { get { return "userpassword"; } } public string serverAddress { get { return "172.0.0.1"; } } public string portNumber { get { return "21"; } } public string fromFile { get { return "D:\\psftp.txt"; } } public string toFile { get { return "WinSCP/psftp.txt"; } } public void upload() { Process CommandLine = new Process(); CommandLine.StartInfo.FileName = shellName; // CommandLine.StartInfo.Arguments = "/log=" + this._logPath; CommandLine.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false; CommandLine.StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = true; CommandLine.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true; CommandLine.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true; CommandLine.Start(); //username用户名 targetAddress IP地址 portNumber 端口号 CommandLine.StandardInput.WriteLine("open ftp://{0}:{1}@{2}:{3}", this.userName,this.userPassWord, this.serverAddress, this.portNumber); //上传文件到sftp服务器 string command = "put " + fromFile + " " + toFile ; //fromFile要传送的文件路径本地的绝对路径 toFile服务器上保存文件的路径相对路径 CommandLine.StandardOutput.DiscardBufferedData(); CommandLine.StandardInput.WriteLine(command); string result = CommandLine.StandardOutput.ReadLine(); } } }
1.4 在线资源
http://winscp.net/eng/docs/commandline
http://winscp.net/eng/docs/guide_dotnet#input
2.SFTP部分
2.1 cmd命令行实例
C:\Documents and Settings\sobne>e:
E:\>cd SFTP
E:\SFTP>psftp.exe [email protected] -i privatekey.ppk
The server‘s host key is not cached in the registry. You
have no guarantee that the server is the computer you
think it is.
The server‘s rsa2 key fingerprint is:
ssh-rsa 2048 0a:**:**:**:54:**:82:**:**:1f:**:**:**:87:30:**
If you trust this host, enter "y" to add the key to
PuTTY‘s cache and carry on connecting.
If you want to carry on connecting just once, without
adding the key to the cache, enter "n".
If you do not trust this host, press Return to abandon the
connection.
Store key in cache? (y/n) n
Using username "sobne".
Remote working directory is /
psftp>
2.2 Batch批处理实例
将下面语句存入myscript.scr:
cd / put File1.txt put File2.txt put File3.txt close
执行脚本
c:\putty\psftp.exe [email protected] -i putty_id_rsa_1024.ppk -b c:\putty\myscript.scr -bc -be -v
2.3 C#程序实现
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Threading;
namespace Lib4Net {
public class PSFTPunity { public string shellCommand { get; set; }
public string serverName { get; set; } public string userName { get; set; } public string privateKey { get; set; }
public PSFTPunity() { } public PSFTPunity(string shell, string server, string user, string ppk) { shellCommand = shell; serverName = server; userName = user; privateKey = ppk; } /// <summary> /// Upload the files /// </summary> /// <param name="localFile">localfile fullname</param> /// <param name="remotePath">remotefile fullname</param> /// <returns>output of the plugin during its running in console</returns> public string Upload(string localFile, string remotePath) { string outPutMessage = "";
ProcessStartInfo processInfo = new ProcessStartInfo(); processInfo.FileName = this.shellCommand; processInfo.CreateNoWindow = true; processInfo.UseShellExecute = false; processInfo.RedirectStandardError = true; processInfo.RedirectStandardInput = true; processInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true; string arguments = ""; arguments += userName + "@" + serverName + " "; arguments += "-i " + privateKey; processInfo.Arguments = arguments;
Process process = new Process(); try { process.StartInfo = processInfo; process.Start(); Thread.Sleep(5000); process.StandardInput.WriteLine("n"); Thread.Sleep(2000); //process.StandardInput.WriteLine("cd " + remotePath); process.StandardInput.WriteLine("put " + localFile + " " + remotePath); //process.StandardInput.Close(); Thread.Sleep(10000); //outPutMessage += process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd(); //outPutMessage += process.StandardError.ReadToEnd(); process.WaitForExit(3000); process.Close(); return outPutMessage; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception("Error occured during upload file to remote server!", ex); } finally { process.Dispose(); } } } }
2.4 在线资源
http://dafis.ucdavis.edu/install/sftp/PuttyPSFTPKey.cfm
http://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/0.52/htmldoc/Chapter8.html#8.3
文中使用的软件下载地址:http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html