Maven 学习笔记——将普通的Java项目转换成Maven项目（3）

将一个普通的java项目转换成Maven项目并不是一个很大的任务，仅仅只需要下面的几步就能将转换成功。下面我是用一个简单的Selenium测试小demon作为例子来说的。

移调项目中所有关联的Libraries
将Selenium项目转换成Maven项目
增加Maven依赖库到项目中
创建Maven的测试文件夹架构

Step1：移调项目中所有关联的Libraries

选中你需要转换的Project:Build Path > Configure Build Path

Step2：将Selenium项目转换成Maven项目

1) 右键需转换的项目，Configure > Convert Maven Project

2) 要求填入Group ID和Artifact ID，这个不需要改变，用默认项目提供的

3) 转换成功后，该项目在Eclipse中的结构变成下面这样

没转换前的结构 转换后的结构

Step3：增加Maven依赖库到项目中

现在我们就需要将项目中所需要的依赖包加到本地中心源中，我就针对这个项目来说，我们知道我们现在缺少Selenium jar包，junit jar包等等。

1）到 http://www.mvnrepository.com/ 上面查找Selenium

2）点击Selenium Java

3）选择你所需要使用的Selenium的版本

4）关于Selenium在Maven中信息就会显示出来，然后将这些信息加到pom.xml中

5) 将Selenium的dependency的信息加到pom.xml，可以在Dependencies以流程的方式添加进去，保存，这个时候会下载相关的依赖包到本地源中心中。（需要一点时间，有任何问题，可以参考之前Maven（1）中提到，解决问题）

6）直接在pom.xml中将查询到的信息拷贝到xml文件中，保存。

7）等待依赖包被下载完后，所有的错误就会解决

Step4 创建Maven的测试文件夹架构

接下来就是检验真理的时候，看这个转换的Selenium项目能否跑起来，选择pom.xml > Run As > Maven Test 结果-----------测试用例没有被执行，这是为什么呢？仔细看看log，发现Maven默认是在\src\main\resource这个路径下找的源代码资源，测试源代码是在\src\test\resources 。

输出结果为：

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building MavenConvertDemon1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Junit\MavenConvertDemon1\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Junit\MavenConvertDemon1\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2.999 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2015-02-06T16:22:09+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 6M/15M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

那么现在的目的就是怎么自定义Maven的目录结构？

下面这个代码是把源代码设置成src目录下，把测试的源代码放在src/test下面，这样修改后就解决刚才的问题了，测试就跑起来了。这样一个Selenium项目就转换成Maven项目了。

<build>
    <sourceDirectory>src/</sourceDirectory>

    <testSourceDirectory>src/test</testSourceDirectory>
</build>

成功后的输出结果：

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building MavenConvertDemon1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Junit\MavenConvertDemon1\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Junit\MavenConvertDemon1\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding Cp1252, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Junit\MavenConvertDemon1\target\test-classes
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[INFO] Surefire report directory: D:\Junit\MavenConvertDemon1\target\surefire-reports

-------------------------------------------------------
 T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Running test.TestSeleniumDemon1
Feb 6, 2015 4:32:55 PM org.openqa.selenium.os.UnixProcess$SeleniumWatchDog destroyHarder
INFO: Command failed to close cleanly. Destroying forcefully (v2). [email protected]
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 31.452 sec

Results :

Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 38.029 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2015-02-06T16:32:57+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 11M/26M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

PS；附一张Maven的标准目录结构：

————————————————————————————————

WHOOOOSHHHHHHHHHHHH…………

Blimey what was that?

That was your life mate

Oh, I was not quite ready. Can I have another go?