10、创建一个由至少两个物理卷组成的大小为20G的卷组;要求,PE大小为8M;而在卷组中创建一个大小为5G的逻辑卷mylv1,格式化为ext4文件系统,开机自动挂载至/users目录,支持acl;
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l
磁盘 /dev/sda:128.8 GB,128849018880 字节,251658240 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型:dos
磁盘标识符:0x000aaf3f
设备Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 4196351 2097152 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 4196352 96479231 46141440 8e Linux LVM
磁盘 /dev/sdb:53.7 GB, 53687091200字节,104857600 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512字节 / 512 字节
磁盘 /dev/mapper/cl-root:42.9 GB,42945478656 字节,83877888 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512字节 / 512 字节
磁盘 /dev/mapper/cl-swap:4294 MB,4294967296 字节,8388608 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512字节 / 512 字节
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
欢迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2)。
更改将停留在内存中,直到您决定将更改写入磁盘。
使用写入命令前请三思。
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
使用磁盘标识符 0x9a210386 创建新的DOS 磁盘标签。
命令(输入 m 获取帮助):n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
分区号 (1-4,默认1):
起始扇区 (2048-104857599,默认为2048):
将使用默认值 2048
Last 扇区, +扇区 or+size{K,M,G} (2048-104857599,默认为104857599):+10G
分区 1 已设置为Linux 类型,大小设为 10 GiB
命令(输入 m 获取帮助):n
Partition type:
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
分区号 (2-4,默认2):
起始扇区 (20973568-104857599,默认为20973568):
将使用默认值 20973568
Last 扇区, +扇区 or+size{K,M,G} (20973568-104857599,默认为104857599):+10G
分区 2 已设置为Linux 类型,大小设为 10 GiB
命令(输入 m 获取帮助):t
分区号 (1,2,默认2):1
Hex 代码(输入 L 列出所有代码):L
0 空 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / 旧 Linu bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 隐藏的NTFS Win 82 Linux 交换/ So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 隐藏的 C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux 扩展 c7 Syrinx
5 扩展 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS 卷集 da 非文件系统数据
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS 卷集 db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux 纯文本 de Dell 工具
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 第2部分 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX 可启动 4f QNX4.x 第3部分 93 Amoeba e1 DOS 访问
a OS/2 启动管理器 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad 休 eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 扩展 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC
11 隐藏的FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq 诊断 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 隐藏的FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin 启动 f2 DOS 次要
16 隐藏的FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 隐藏的HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST 智能睡眠 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid 自动
1b 隐藏的W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure 多启bb Boot Wizard 隐 fe LANstep
1c 隐藏的W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris 启动 ff BBT
1e 隐藏的W95 FAT1 80 旧Minix
Hex 代码(输入 L 列出所有代码):8e
已将分区“Linux”的类型更改为“LinuxLVM”
命令(输入 m 获取帮助):t
分区号 (1,2,默认2):2
Hex 代码(输入 L 列出所有代码):8e
已将分区“Linux”的类型更改为“LinuxLVM”
命令(输入 m 获取帮助):w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
正在同步磁盘。
[[email protected] ~]# partx -a /dev/sdb
partx: /dev/sdb: error adding partitions 1-2
[[email protected] ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb{1,2}
Physical volume"/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdb2"successfully created.
[[email protected] ~]# pvs #
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda2 cl lvm2 a-- 44.00g 4.00m
/dev/sdb1 lvm2 --- 10.00g 10.00g
/dev/sdb2 lvm2 --- 10.00g 10.00g
[[email protected] ~]# vgcreate -s 8M myvg /dev/sdb{1,2}
Volume group "myvg"successfully created
[[email protected] ~]# vgdisplay #
--- Volume group ---
VG Name cl
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 44.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 11264
Alloc PE / Size 11263 / 44.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB
VG UUID 8QRUBs-CFNx-5MnZ-4cKp-1gAH-4x2r-GZNJnK
--- Volume group ---
VG Name myvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 19.98 GiB
PE Size 8.00 MiB
Total PE 2558
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 2558 / 19.98 GiB
VG UUID pLfdvf-A4Ns-BAfM-bZAd-yIkg-6b7o-GSObEp
[[email protected] ~]# lvcreate -L 5G -n mylv1 myvg
Logical volume "mylv1"created.
[[email protected] ~]# mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/myvg/mylv1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
327680 inodes, 1310720 blocks
65536 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1342177280
40 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912,819200, 884736
Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /users
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/fstab
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Jan 31 20:45:26 2017
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under ‘/dev/disk‘
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/cl-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=5cd62028-36a3-4147-a3d4-8ff6b5d7500b /boot xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/cl-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv1 /users ext4 acl 0 0
[[email protected] ~]# mount -a
[[email protected] ~]# mount | grep ‘^/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv1‘
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv1 on /users type ext4(rw,relatime,seclabel,data=ordered)
[[email protected] ~]# df -lh
文件系统 容量 已用 可用已用%挂载点
/dev/mapper/cl-root 40G 4.8G 36G 12% /
devtmpfs 982M 0 982M 0% /dev
tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 993M 9.0M 984M 1% /run
tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 2.0G 128M 1.9G 7% /boot
tmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv1 4.8G 20M 4.6G 1% /users
[[email protected] ~]#
11、扩展mylv1至9G,确保扩展完成后原有数据完全可用;
[[email protected] ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda2 cl lvm2 a-- 44.00g 4.00m
/dev/sdb1 myvg lvm2 a-- 9.99g 4.99g
/dev/sdb2 myvg lvm2 a-- 9.99g 9.99g
[[email protected] ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
cl 1 2 0 wz--n- 44.00g 4.00m
myvg 2 1 0 wz--n- 19.98g 14.98g
[[email protected] ~]# lvextend -L 9G /dev/myvg/mylv1
Size of logical volumemyvg/mylv1 changed from 5.00 GiB (640 extents) to 9.00 GiB (1152 extents).
Logical volume myvg/mylv1 successfullyresized.
[[email protected] ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/myvg/mylv1
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem at /dev/myvg/mylv1 is mounted on /users; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 2
The filesystem on /dev/myvg/mylv1 is now 2359296 blocks long.
[[email protected] ~]# df -lh #
文件系统 容量 已用 可用已用%挂载点
/dev/mapper/cl-root 40G 4.8G 36G 12% /
devtmpfs 982M 0 982M 0% /dev
tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 993M 9.0M 984M 1% /run
tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 2.0G 128M 1.9G 7% /boot
tmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv1 8.8G 23M 8.3G 1% /users
[[email protected] ~]#
12、缩减mylv1至7G,确保缩减完成后原有数据完全可用;
[[email protected] ~]# umount /dev/myvg/mylv1
[[email protected] ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/myvg/mylv1
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
第一步: 检查inode,块,和大小
第二步: 检查目录结构
第3步: 检查目录连接性
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
第5步: 检查簇概要信息
/dev/myvg/mylv1: 11/589824 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 75551/2359296 blocks
[[email protected] ~]# resize2fs /dev/myvg/mylv1 7G
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/myvg/mylv1 to 1835008 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/myvg/mylv1 is now 1835008 blocks long.
[[email protected] ~]# lvreduce -L 7G /dev/myvg/mylv1
WARNING: Reducing active logicalvolume to 7.00 GiB.
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystemetc.)
Do you really want to reduce myvg/mylv1? [y/n]: y
Size of logical volume myvg/mylv1changed from 9.00 GiB (1152 extents) to 7.00 GiB (896 extents).
Logical volume myvg/mylv1 successfullyresized.
[[email protected] ~]# lvs #
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
root cl -wi-ao---- 40.00g
swap cl -wi-ao---- 4.00g
mylv1 myvg -wi-a----- 7.00g
13、对mylv1创建快照,并通过备份数据;要求保留原有的属主属组等信息;
[[email protected] ~]# lvcreate -L 3G -p r -s-n mylv1_bak /dev/myvg/mylv1
14、如何将Linux主机接入到TCP/IP网络,请描述详细的步骤。(手动指定的方式)
使用ifconfig查看网卡配置信息,看主要使用的网卡名称
到/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/目录下查找对应的网卡配置文件
主要配置项
DEVICE(设备名称)
TYPE(设备类型。端口为Ethernet)
ONBOOT(系统启动时读取)
BOOTPROTO=static(ip配置协议。当前为静态ip,可设置DHCP,)
IPADDR(ip地址)
NETMASK(子网掩码)
GATEWAY(网关地址)
DNS1(DNS服务器地址)
重启网络服务 service network restart
在CLI中输入ping www.magedu.com/测试网络连接
15、为Linux主机配置网络信息的方式有哪些,请描述各个过程。
ifconfig eth0 IP/mask
ip addr add IP device eth0
Linux网络属性配置的tui(textuser interface):system-config-network-tui
使用setup图形界面设置
16、写一个脚本,使用ping命令探测172.16.250.1-172.16.250.254之间的所有主机的在线状态;
在线的主机使用绿色显示;
不在线的主使用红色显示;
#!/bin/bash
#
for i in {1..254};do
ping -c 1 -w 1"192.168.1.$i" > /dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo -e"\033[0;32;1m 172.16.250.$i is up \033[0m"
else
echo -e"\033[0;31;1m 172.16.250.$i is down \033[0m"
fi
done
17、常用的网络管理类工具有哪些,并用示例形式描述他们的使用方法。
ifconfig
常见用法:
查看网卡信息:ifconfig [interface]
查看所有网卡信息:ifconifg -a
开启或关闭网卡:ifconfig IFACE [up|down]
配置网卡参数:ifconfig interface [aftype] options | address ...
配置网卡IP地址:
ifconfig IFACE IP/mask [up]
ifconfig IFACE IP network MASK
[[email protected]~]# ifconfig
eno16777736:flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet192.168.2.108 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.2.255
inet6fe80::20c:29ff:fe0d:4a8b prefixlen64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether00:0c:29:0d:4a:8b txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets6681 bytes 455288 (444.6 KiB)
RX errors0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1627 bytes 268207 (261.9 KiB)
TX errors0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen0 (Local Loopback)
RX packets4 bytes 340 (340.0 B)
RX errors0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets4 bytes 340 (340.0 B)
TX errors0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
ether52:54:00:47:81:6c txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes0 (0.0 B)
TX errors0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
说明:
eno16777736:表示当前使用的网卡,
flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> 标志状态
mtu 1500:最大数据包大小为 1500bytes
网卡的IPv地址:inet192.168.2.108,
子网掩码:netmask 255.255.255.0,
广播地址:broadcast 192.168.2.255,
网卡的IPv6地址:inet6fe80::20c:29ff:fe0d:4a8b
网卡物理地址(MAC地址):ether00:0c:29:0d:4a:8b
lo:表示主机的回坏地址的相关信息。
virbr0:表示虚拟机桥接网络的相关信息。
配置IP地址
1.给网卡配置IP地:192.168.2.156
[[email protected]~]# ifconfig ens33 192.168.2.156
ip:显示/配置路由,接口,策略路由和隧道
常见用法:
网卡添加多一个IP地址,并设置别名为eth0:0
ipaddr IPADDR/MASK dev eth0 label ‘eth0:0‘
显示网卡设备的信息: ipaddr show
清除IP地址信息:ip addr flush dev interface
添加路由:ip routeadd TARGET via GW dev INTERFACE src SOURCE_IP
删除单条路由: iproute del TARGET
示例:
[[email protected]~]# ip addr show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueuestate UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scopehost lo
valid_lft foreverpreferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scopehost
valid_lft foreverpreferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdiscpfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether00:0c:29:65:87:db brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.2.107/24brd 192.168.2.255 scope global dynamic ens33
valid_lft 4860secpreferred_lft 4860sec
inet6fe80::1efb:59d6:3462:a123/64 scope link
valid_lft foreverpreferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500qdisc noqueue state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether52:54:00:26:96:17 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.122.1/24brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
valid_lft foreverpreferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdiscpfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether52:54:00:26:96:17 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[[email protected] ~]#
route:路由管理命令
查看路由条目:route-n
添加路由条目:routeadd
route add [-net|-host] target[netmask Nm] [gw Gw] [[dev] if]
删除路由:routedel
route del [-net|-host] target [gwGw] [netmask Nm] [[dev] If]
示例
[[email protected] ~]# route -n
KernelIP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 ens33
192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens33
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
[[email protected] ~]#
netstat:显示网络连接、路由表、接口数据统计、伪装连接、组播成员关系
常用选项:
-t : 显示TCP协议相关已建立的连接(ESTABLISHED)
-u : 显示UDP协议相关已建立的连接(ESTABLISHED)
-r : 显示raw socket(裸套接字)相关已建立的连接(ESTABLISHED)
-l : 处于监听状态的连接
-n : 以数字显示IP和协议端口(默认显示协议名称,如SSH)
-a : 显示所有状态的连接
-e : 扩展格式
-p : 显示相关进程及PID
常用组合:
-tan , -uan , -tnl, -unl,-tunlp
示例
[[email protected] ~]# netstat -t
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 52 wangyafei:ssh 192.168.2.100:49291 ESTABLISHED
[[email protected] ~]# netstat -u
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
udp 0 0 wangyafei:58937 85.199.214.101:ntp ESTABLISHED
udp 0 0 wangyafei:48190 161.53.131.133:ntp ESTABLISHED
ss:网络状态查看工具
常见选项:
-t : tcp协议相关
-u : udp协议相关
-w : 裸套接字相关
-x : unix sock相关
-l : listen状态的连接
-a : 所有
-n : 数字格式
-p : 相关的程序及PID
-e : 扩展的信息
-m : 内存用量
-o : 计时器信息
常用组合:
-tan , -tanl , -tanlp ,-uan,-tunlp
[[email protected] ~]# ss -tan
State Recv-Q Send-QLocal Address:Port PeerAddress:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:111 *:*
LISTEN 0 5 192.168.122.1:53 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:631 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:6010 *:*
ESTAB 0 52 192.168.2.107:22 192.168.2.100:49291
LISTEN 0 128 :::111 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 ::1:631 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 ::1:6010 :::*
[[email protected] ~]#
18、写一个脚本,完成以下功能
(1) 假设某目录(/etc/rc.d/rc3.d/)下分别有K开头的文件和S开头的文件若干;
(2) 显示所有以K开头的文件的文件名,并且给其附加一个stop字符串;
(3) 显示所有以S开头的文件的文件名,并且给其附加一个start字符串;
(4) 分别统计S开头和K开头的文件各有多少;
#!/bin/bash
declare -i k=0,s=0
for i in $(ls /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/K* | grep -o"[^/]*$");do
echo "$istop"
let k++
done
for j in $(ls /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S* | grep -o"[^/]*$");do
echo "$jstart"
let s++
done
echo "S开头的文件有$s个"
echo "K开头的文件有$k个"
19、写一脚本,用ping命令测试172.16.250.20-172.16.250.100以内有哪些主机在线,将在线的显示出来;
#!/bin/bash
#
for((i=20;i<=100;i++));do
ping -w 1 -c 1172.16.250.$i &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0];then
echo "172.16.250.$ionline"
fi
done
20、打印九九乘法表;
[[email protected] ~]# vim test11.sh
[[email protected] ~]# cat test11.sh
#!/bin/bash
#Authen:wangyafei
i=1
j=1
for i in {1..9};do
for j in $(seq 1$i);do
echo -e -n"${i}*${j}=$[$i*$j]\t"
done
echo
done
[[email protected] ~]# bash test11.sh
1*1=1
2*1=2 2*2=4
3*1=3 3*2=6 3*3=9
4*1=4 4*2=8 4*3=12 4*4=16
5*1=5 5*2=10 5*3=15 5*4=20 5*5=25
6*1=6 6*2=12 6*3=18 6*4=24 6*5=30 6*6=36
7*1=7 7*2=14 7*3=21 7*4=28 7*5=35 7*6=42 7*7=49
8*1=8 8*2=16 8*3=24 8*4=32 8*5=40 8*6=48 8*7=56 8*8=64
9*1=9 9*2=18 9*3=27 9*4=36 9*5=45 9*6=54 9*7=63 9*8=72 9*9=81
[[email protected] ~]#