Nginx反向代理、负载均衡, keepalived高可用
Nginx反向代理、负载均衡, keepalived高可用
一、Nginx反向代理、负载均衡
1、什么是反向代理、负载均衡
严格的说，Nginx仅仅是作为Nginx Proxv反向代理使用的，因为这个反向代理功能表现的效果是负载均衡集群的效果，所以本文称之为Nginx负载均衡。那么，反向代理和负载均衡有什么区别呢？
普通负载均衡软件，例如大名鼎鼎的LVS，其实现的功能只是对请求数据包的转发（也可能会改写数据包）、传递，其中DR模式明显的特征是从负载均衡下面的节点服务器来看，接收到的请求还是来自访问负载均衡器的客户端的真实用户，而反向代理就不一样了，反向代理接收访问用户的请求后，会代理用户重新发起请求代理下的节点服务器，最后把数据返回给客户端用户，在节点服务器看来，访问的节点服务器的客户端用户就是反向代理服务器了，而非真实的网站访问用户。
2、实现Nginx负载均衡的组件说明
3、Nginx负载均衡环境搭建
需要搭两台负载均衡器 操作一致
安装步骤
yum install openssl openssl-devel pcrepcre-devel -y
rpm -qa openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel
mkdir -p /home/oldboy/tools
cd /home/oldboy/tools
wget -q http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz
ls -l nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz
useradd www -s /sbin/nologin -M
tar xf nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.6.3
./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/application/nginx-1.6.3--with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make
make install
ln -s /application/nginx-1.6.3/application/nginx
编辑配置文件
vim /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
upstream server_pools {
server 10.0.0.7:80 weight=1;
server 10.0.0.8:80 weight=1;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name bbs.etiantian.org;
location / {
proxy_pass http://server_pools;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name blog.etiantian.org;
location / {
proxy_pass http://server_pools;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
}
}
}
测试:
[[email protected] conf]# curl www.etiantian.org
www
[[email protected] conf]# curl www.etiantian.org
apache www
二、安装高可用
两台负载均衡都要安装 步骤一致
1、具体步骤
yum安装
yum install keepalived -y
修改配置文件主配置文件
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 150
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.3/24 dev eth0 label eth0:1
}
}
修改副配置文件
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.3/24 dev eth0 label eth0:1
}
}