GeoJson学习记录

最近需要使用GeoJson来做传输交换格式，查了下资料。

1. 官方网址; http://geojson.org/geojson-spec.html
2. GeoJson支持点、线、面、多点、多线、多面、对象集合、记录、记录集合这几种类型，每一个GeoJson对象都一个类型成员。其中前六种为单一的空间对象类型。
   1. 点：[100.0,0.0]
   2. 点串： [ [100.0,0.0],
      [101.0,1.0]
      ]
   3. 多个点串：[点串1， 点串2]
   4. 对象：{"type":,  "coordinates": }
      1. 点对象：{
         "type": "Point","coordinates": 点
         }
      2. 线对象：{
         "type": "LineString","coordinates":点串
         }
      3. 面对象：{"type":
         "Polygon", "coordinates":
         [点串1, 点串2] }
      4. 多点对象：{"type":
         "MultiPoint","coordinates": 点串
         }
      5. 多线对象：{"type":
         "MultiLineString", "coordinates":
         [点串1, 点串2] }
      6. 多面对象：{"type":
         "MultiPolygon", "coordinates":
         [多个点串1, 多个点串2] }
   5. 对象集合：

      { "type":
      "GeometryCollection",

      "geometries":
      [

      对象1, 对象2

      ]

      }

   6. 记录：     

      { "type":"Feature",

      "geometry": 对象,

      "properties":
      {

      "prop0":
      "value0",

      "prop1":
      0.0

      }

      }

   7. 记录集合：

      { "type":
      "FeatureCollection",

      "features": [

      记录1, 记录2

      ]

      }

3. 空间对象有一个 点串成员来记录空间坐标。
4. 每一个GeoJson对象可以有 坐标系、对象范围（感觉是对象的Bounds）两个成员。
5. 例子：
   1. { "type":"Point",
      "coordinates":[100.0,
      0.0] }
   2. { "type":"LineString",

      "coordinates":
      [ [100.0,0.0],
      [101.0,1.0]
      ]

      }

   3. { "type":"Polygon",

      "coordinates":
      [

      [ [100.0,0.0],
      [101.0,0.0],
      [101.0,1.0],
      [100.0,1.0],
      [100.0,0.0]
      ]

      ]

      }

   4. {
      "type": "MultiPoint",

      "coordinates":
      [ [100.0,0.0],
      [101.0,1.0]
      ]

      }

   5. {"type":
      "MultiLineString",

      "coordinates":
      [

      [ [100.0,0.0],
      [101.0,1.0]
      ],

      [ [102.0,2.0],
      [103.0,3.0]
      ]

      ]

      }

   6. {"type":
      "MultiPolygon",

      "coordinates":
      [

      [[[102.0,2.0],
      [103.0,2.0],
      [103.0,3.0],
      [102.0,3.0],
      [102.0,2.0]]],

      [[[100.0,0.0],
      [101.0,0.0],
      [101.0,1.0],
      [100.0,1.0],
      [100.0,0.0]],

      [[100.2,0.2],
      [100.8,0.2],
      [100.8,0.8],
      [100.2,0.8],
      [100.2,0.2]]]

      ]

      }

   7. {
      "type": "GeometryCollection",

      "geometries":
      [

      { "type":"Point",

      "coordinates":
      [100.0, 0.0]

      },

      { "type":"LineString",

      "coordinates":
      [ [101.0,0.0],
      [102.0,1.0]
      ]

      }

      ]

      }

   8. {
      "type": "Feature",

      "geometry":
      { "type":
      "LineString",

      "coordinates":
      [

      [102.0,0.0],
      [103.0,1.0],
      [104.0,0.0],
      [105.0,1.0]

      ]

      },

      "properties":
      {

      "prop0":
      "value0",

      "prop1":
      0.0

      }

      }

   9. {
      "type": "FeatureCollection",

      "features": [

      { "type":"Feature",

      "geometry":
      {"type": "Point","coordinates":
      [102.0,0.5]},

      "properties":
      {"prop0":
      "value0"}

      },

      { "type":"Feature",

      "geometry":
      {

      "type":
      "LineString",

      "coordinates":
      [

      [102.0,0.0],
      [103.0,1.0],
      [104.0,0.0],
      [105.0,1.0]

      ]

      },

      "properties":
      {

      "prop0":
      "value0",

      "prop1":
      0.0

      }

      },

      { "type":"Feature",

      "geometry":
      {

      "type":
      "Polygon",

      "coordinates":
      [

      [ [100.0,0.0],
      [101.0,0.0],
      [101.0,1.0],

      [100.0,1.0],
      [100.0,0.0]
      ]

      ]

      },

      "properties":
      {

      "prop0":
      "value0",

      "prop1":
      {"this": "that"}

      }

      }

      ]

      }

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