1心得体会
之前还没有听说过selenium模板，现在发现这个模板挺牛逼的。能自动模拟用户操作浏览器，不过缺点就是慢了写，但是不需要自己写cookie、headers这些了，毕竟是用真实的浏览器去模板。主要是好不是很熟练，还需要多敲代码。
2、selenium介绍
selenium是一款自动化测试工具，支持很多主流的浏览器。只要浏览器安装了依赖驱动就行。
下面代码是模拟访问百度操作
1 from selenium import webdriver
2 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
3 driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
只需简单的代码就可以让浏览器自己访问百度了。当然，这只是简单的操作。
对于用来操作来说，还有输入内容和点击这两个常用的功能
test = driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath)这个语句可以根据xpath来找到相应的位置.
如果可以点击的话，test.click() 就会自己点击。
如果是需要输入内容的话，test.send_keys()
3.模拟登陆 https://dig.chouti.com并点赞
1、先配置驱动
1 # 配置驱动 2 option = webdriver.ChromeOptions() 3 # driver = webdriver.Chrome(‘/Users/wupeiqi/drivers/chromedriver‘, chrome_options=option) 4 driver = webdriver.Chrome( chrome_options=option)
2、找到登陆按钮并点击
1 # 1. 控制浏览器打开指定页面
2 driver.get("https://dig.chouti.com")
3
4
5 # 2. 找到登录按钮
6 btn_login = driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="login-link-a"]‘)
7 # 3. 点击按钮
8 btn_login.click()
3、输入账号和密码
1 # 4. 找到手机标签 2 input_user = driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="mobile"]‘) 3 # 5. 找到密码标签 4 input_pwd = driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="mbpwd"]‘) 5 6 # 6. 输入用户名 7 input_user.send_keys(‘18879970712‘) 8 # 7. 输入密码 9 input_pwd.send_keys(‘lg970712‘)
4、点击登陆按钮
1 # 8. 点击登录按钮 2 input_submit = driver.find_element_by_xpath( 3 ‘//*[@id="footer-band"]/div[5]/div/div/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[2]/div/span[1]‘) 4 input_submit.click()
5、找到要点赞的新闻并点赞
1 # 9. 点击跳转
2 news = driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="newsContent20696066"]/div[2]/a[1]‘)
3 news.click()
4 driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", news)
6、最后关闭驱动
1 # 10.关闭浏览器 2 driver.close()
4、滑动验证
实现滑动验证之前的步骤和前面的一样。登陆网站，找到输入账号和密码的位置输入账号和密码。不过验证的时候就需要滑动验证的，这就需要处理图片了。滑动验证一开始有一张完整的图片，将完整的图片下载下来，然后还有一张不完整的图片，也下载下来。我们需要做的就是对比着两张图片哪里的像素不同，根据不同像素的位置来计算需要滑动多少像素，然后去模拟浏览器去滑动。
完整代码如下：
1 from selenium import webdriver
2 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
3 from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
4 from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
5 from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
6 from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
7 import os
8 import shutil
9 from PIL import Image
10 import time
11
12
13 def get_snap(driver):
14 driver.save_screenshot(‘full_snap.png‘)
15 page_snap_obj = Image.open(‘full_snap.png‘)
16
17 return page_snap_obj
18
19
20 def get_image(driver):
21 img = driver.find_element_by_class_name(‘geetest_canvas_img‘)
22 time.sleep(2)
23 location = img.location
24 size = img.size
25
26 left = location[‘x‘]
27 top = location[‘y‘]
28 right = left + size[‘width‘]
29 bottom = top + size[‘height‘]
30
31 page_snap_obj = get_snap(driver)
32
33 image_obj = page_snap_obj.crop((left, top, right, bottom))
34 # image_obj.show()
35 with open(‘code.png‘, ‘wb‘) as f:
36 image_obj.save(f, format=‘png‘)
37 return image_obj
38
39
40 def get_distance(image1, image2):
41 # start = 0
42 # threhold = 70
43 # for i in range(start, image1.size[0]):
44 # for j in range(0, image1.size[1]):
45 # rgb1 = image1.load()[i, j]
46 # rgb2 = image2.load()[i, j]
47 # res1 = abs(rgb1[0] - rgb2[0])
48 # res2 = abs(rgb1[1] - rgb2[1])
49 # res3 = abs(rgb1[2] - rgb2[2])
50 # # print(res1,res2,res3)
51 # if not (res1 < threhold and res2 < threhold and res3 < threhold):
52 # print(111111, i, j)
53 # return i - 13
54 # print(2222, i, j)
55 # return i - 13
56 start = 0
57 threhold = 70
58 v = []
59 for i in range(start, image1.size[0]):
60 for j in range(0, image1.size[1]):
61 rgb1 = image1.load()[i, j]
62 rgb2 = image2.load()[i, j]
63 res1 = abs(rgb1[0] - rgb2[0])
64 res2 = abs(rgb1[1] - rgb2[1])
65 res3 = abs(rgb1[2] - rgb2[2])
66
67 if not (res1 < threhold and res2 < threhold and res3 < threhold):
68 print(i)
69 if i not in v:
70 v.append(i)
71
72 stop = 0
73 for i in range(0, len(v)):
74 val = i + v[0]
75 if v[i] != val:
76 stop = v[i]
77 break
78
79 width = stop - v[0]
80 print(stop, v[0], width)
81 return width
82
83
84 def get_tracks(distance):
85 import random
86 exceed_distance = random.randint(0, 5)
87 distance += exceed_distance # 先滑过一点，最后再反着滑动回来
88 v = 0
89 t = 0.2
90 forward_tracks = []
91
92 current = 0
93 mid = distance * 3 / 5
94 while current < distance:
95 if current < mid:
96 a = random.randint(1, 3)
97 else:
98 a = random.randint(1, 3)
99 a = -a
100 s = v * t + 0.5 * a * (t ** 2)
101 v = v + a * t
102 current += s
103 forward_tracks.append(round(s))
104
105 # 反着滑动到准确位置
106 v = 0
107 t = 0.2
108 back_tracks = []
109
110 current = 0
111 mid = distance * 4 / 5
112 while abs(current) < exceed_distance:
113 if current < mid:
114 a = random.randint(1, 3)
115 else:
116 a = random.randint(-3, -5)
117 a = -a
118 s = -v * t - 0.5 * a * (t ** 2)
119 v = v + a * t
120 current += s
121 back_tracks.append(round(s))
122 return {‘forward_tracks‘: forward_tracks, ‘back_tracks‘: list(reversed(back_tracks))}
123
124
125 def crack(driver): # 破解滑动认证
126 # 1、点击按钮，得到没有缺口的图片
127 button = driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="embed-captcha"]/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[3]‘)
128 button.click()
129
130 # 2、获取没有缺口的图片
131 image1 = get_image(driver)
132
133 # 3、点击滑动按钮，得到有缺口的图片
134 button = driver.find_element_by_class_name(‘geetest_slider_button‘)
135 button.click()
136
137 # 4、获取有缺口的图片
138 image2 = get_image(driver)
139
140 # 5、对比两种图片的像素点，找出位移
141 distance = get_distance(image1, image2)
142 print(distance)
143 #
144 # 6、模拟人的行为习惯，根据总位移得到行为轨迹
145 tracks = get_tracks(int(distance / 2))
146
147 # 7、按照行动轨迹先正向滑动，后反滑动
148 button = driver.find_element_by_class_name(‘geetest_slider_button‘)
149 ActionChains(driver).click_and_hold(button).perform()
150
151 # 正常人类总是自信满满地开始正向滑动，自信地表现是疯狂加速
152 for track in tracks[‘forward_tracks‘]:
153 ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=track, yoffset=0).perform()
154
155 # 结果傻逼了，正常的人类停顿了一下，回过神来发现，卧槽，滑过了,然后开始反向滑动
156 time.sleep(0.5)
157 for back_track in tracks[‘back_tracks‘]:
158 ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=back_track, yoffset=0).perform()
159 #
160 # # 小范围震荡一下，进一步迷惑极验后台，这一步可以极大地提高成功率
161 ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=3, yoffset=0).perform()
162 ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=-3, yoffset=0).perform()
163
164 # # 成功后，骚包人类总喜欢默默地欣赏一下自己拼图的成果，然后恋恋不舍地松开那只脏手
165 time.sleep(0.5)
166 ActionChains(driver).release().perform()
167
168
169 def login_luffy(username, password):
170 driver = webdriver.Chrome()
171 driver.set_window_size(960, 800)
172 try:
173 # 1、输入账号密码回车
174 driver.implicitly_wait(3)
175 driver.get(‘https://www.luffycity.com/login‘)
176 input_username = driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="router-view"]/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/input[1]‘)
177 input_pwd = driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="router-view"]/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/input[2]‘)
178
179 input_username.send_keys(username)
180 input_pwd.send_keys(password)
181
182 # 2、破解滑动认证
183 crack(driver)
184
185 time.sleep(10) # 睡时间长一点，确定登录成功
186 finally:
187 pass
188 # driver.close()
189
190
191 if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
192 login_luffy(username=‘wupeiqi‘, password=‘123123123‘)
破解滑动验证
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/xingkongyihao/p/9280983.html
时间： 2024-08-02 08:23:20