一：tornado代码初始化，入门基础
创建python文件包
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
def get(self):
self.write("Hello, world")
application = tornado.web.Application([
(r"/index", MainHandler),
])
if __name__ == "__main__":
application.listen(8888)
tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()
第一步：执行脚本，监听 8888 端口
第二步：浏览器客户端访问 /index --> http://127.0.0.1:8888/index
第三步：服务器接受请求，并交由对应的类处理该请求
第四步：类接受到请求之后，根据请求方式（post / get / delete ...）的不同调用并执行相应的方法
第五步：方法返回值的字符串内容发送浏览器
异
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
from tornado import httpclient
from tornado.web import asynchronous
from tornado import gen
import uimodules as md
import uimethods as mt
class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
@asynchronous
@gen.coroutine
def get(self):
print ‘start get ‘
http = httpclient.AsyncHTTPClient()
http.fetch("http://127.0.0.1:8008/post/", self.callback)
self.write(‘end‘)
def callback(self, response):
print response.body
settings = {
‘template_path‘: ‘template‘,
‘static_path‘: ‘static‘,
‘static_url_prefix‘: ‘/static/‘,
‘ui_methods‘: mt,
‘ui_modules‘: md,
}
application = tornado.web.Application([
(r"/index", MainHandler),
], **settings)
if __name__ == "__main__":
application.listen(8009)
tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()
步非堵塞实例
二、连接数据库，登录版本的tornado
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*-coding: utf-8 -*-
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
import pymysql
class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
def get(self): #get 和 post的区别，get，url中传输数据
self.render("login.html")
def post(self, *args, **kwargs): # 获取用户提交的数据
username = self.get_argument(‘username‘, None) # 获取数据，通过，get_argument
pwd = self.get_argument(‘pwd‘, None)
# 创建数据库连接
conn = pymysql.connect(host=‘127.0.0.1‘, port=3306, user=‘root‘, passwd=‘‘, db=‘db1‘)
cursor = conn.cursor()
# temp = "select name from userinfo where name=‘%s‘ and password = ‘%s‘" % (username, pwd) # 不安全
# print(temp)
effect_row = cursor.execute("select name from userinfo where name= %s and password = %s ", (username, pwd,)) #安全些
result = cursor.fetchone()
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()
if result:
self.write(‘登录成功‘)
else:
self.write(‘登录失败‘)
settings = {
"template_path":"template", # 模板路径
‘static_path‘: ‘static‘, # 静态文件的处理，即对css文件的处理
‘static_url_prefix‘: ‘/static/‘, # 静态文件的前缀
}
# 路由映射，路由系统
application = tornado.web.Application([
(r"/login", MainHandler), # ==》login.html
],**settings)
if __name__ == "__main__":
application.listen(8888)
tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()
2. login.html 文件
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/login" method="post">
<input type="text" name="username" placeholder="用户" />
<input type="text" name="pwd" placeholder="密码" />
<input type="submit" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
login.html
三、在tornado中定义模板路径
在模板中默认提供了一些函数、字段、类以供模板使用：
escape:tornado.escape.xhtml_escape的別名xhtml_escape:tornado.escape.xhtml_escape的別名url_escape:tornado.escape.url_escape的別名json_encode:tornado.escape.json_encode的別名squeeze:tornado.escape.squeeze的別名linkify:tornado.escape.linkify的別名datetime: Python 的datetime模组handler: 当前的RequestHandler对象request:handler.request的別名current_user:handler.current_user的別名locale:handler.locale的別名_:handler.locale.translate的別名static_url: forhandler.static_url的別名xsrf_form_html:handler.xsrf_form_html的別名
Tornado默认提供的这些功能其实本质上就是 UIMethod 和 UIModule，我们也可以自定义从而实现类似于Django的simple_tag的功能：
1、定义
def tab(self):
return ‘UIMethod‘
uimethods.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from tornado.web import UIModule
from tornado import escape
class custom(UIModule):
def render(self, *args, **kwargs):
return escape.xhtml_escape(‘<h1>user</h1>‘)
#return escape.xhtml_escape(‘<h1>user</h1>‘)
uimodules.py
2、注册
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
from tornado.escape import linkify
import uimodules as md
import uimethods as mt
class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
def get(self):
self.render(‘index.html‘)
settings = {
‘template_path‘: ‘template‘,
‘static_path‘: ‘static‘,
‘static_url_prefix‘: ‘/static/‘,
‘ui_methods‘: mt,
‘ui_modules‘: md,
}
application = tornado.web.Application([
(r"/index", MainHandler),
], **settings)
if __name__ == "__main__":
application.listen(8009)
tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()
main.py
3、使用
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
<link href="{{static_url("commons.css")}}" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
<h1>hello</h1>
</body>
</html>
index.html
四、关于tornado的cookie的认识
cookie值即是用户登录系统后所有产生的cookie值，保留这种用户的客户端，再次登录只需要验证cookie值，就可登录成功
1、定义一个首页
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
</body>
</html>
index.html
2、定义登录页
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/login" method="post">
<input type="text" name="username" />
<input type="password" name="password" />
<input type="submit" value="登录" />
<span style="color: red">{{status_text}}</span>
</form>
</body>
</html>
login.html
3、定义登录后才见到的页面
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/logout">退出</a>
<h1>银行卡余额1000</h1>
</body>
</html>
manager.html
4、主程序。逻辑关系的呈现
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*-coding: utf8-*-
# 项目一，关于cookis的认识
# viems文件夹
# index.html 主页
# login.html 登录页
# manager.html 登录能看的页
# __init__.py
# runmain.py
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
# 定义首页
class IndexHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
def get(self,*args,**kwargs):
self.render(‘index.html‘,)
# 定义需要登录才能看到的页面，即需要有cookie
class ManagerHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
def get(self,*args,**kwargs):
co = self.get_cookie(‘auth‘)
if co == ‘1‘:
self.render(‘manager.html‘,)
else:
self.redirect("/login")
# 定义登录后出现的退出程序
class LogoutHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
def get(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.get_cookie(‘auth‘,‘0‘)
self.render(‘/login‘ )
# 定义登录页，如果成功，则产生cookie
class LoginHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
def get(self,*args,**kwargs):
self.render(‘login.html‘,status_text="")
def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
username = self.get_argument(‘username‘,None)
pwd = self.get_argument(‘password‘,None)
if username == ‘user‘ and pwd == "sb":
self.set_cookie(‘auth‘,‘1‘)
self.redirect(‘/manager‘)
else:
self.render(‘login.html‘,status_text="登录失败")
settings = {
‘template_path‘:‘viems‘,
}
application = tornado.web.Application([
(r"/index", IndexHandler),
(r"/login", LoginHandler),
(r"/manager", ManagerHandler),
(r"/logout",LogoutHandler)
], **settings)
if __name__ == "__main__":
application.listen(8888)
tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()
runmain.py
运行程序，检验其逻辑关系，各个页面。127.0.0.1:8888/index ,127.0.0.1:8888/login，各个cookie值
5、补充cookie保存的时间，增加cookie值带的用户名
class LoginHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
def get(self,*args,**kwargs):
self.render(‘login.html‘,status_text="")
def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
username = self.get_argument(‘username‘,None)
pwd = self.get_argument(‘password‘,None)
check = self.get_argument(‘auto‘,None)
if username == ‘user‘ and pwd == "sb":
if check:
self.set_cookie(‘username‘,username,expires_days=7)
self.set_cookie(‘auth‘,‘1‘,expires_days=7)
else:
r = time.time() + 100
self.set_cookie(‘auth‘,‘1‘,expires=r)
self.set_cookie(‘username‘, username, expires=r)
self.redirect(‘/manager‘)
else:
self.render(‘login.html‘,status_text="登录失败")
time()_cookies.py
<body>
<form action="/login" method="post">
<input type="text" name="username" />
<input type="password" name="password" />
<input type="checkbox" name="auto" value="1" />7天免登录
<input type="submit" value="登录" />
<span style="color: red">{{status_text}}</span>
</form>
</body>
time()_cookie.html
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/linu/p/8139225.html
时间： 2024-08-02 01:08:52