第六次课程了。力不从心啊。。
一、模块回顾
1. os模块
2. sys模块
3. shutil模块
高级的 文件、文件夹、压缩包 处理模块
shutil.copyfileobj(fsrc, fdst[, length])
功能:将文件内容拷贝到另一个文件中,可以部分内容
shutil.copyfile(src, dst)
功能:仅拷贝文件
shutil.copymode(src, dst)
功能:仅拷贝权限,内容、组、用户均不变
shutil.copystat(src, dst)
功能:拷贝状态的信息,包括:mode bits, atime, mtime, flags
shutil.copy(src, dst)
功能:拷贝文件和权限
shutil.copy2(src, dst)
功能:拷贝文件和状态信息
1. zipfile
2. tarfile
4. shelve模块
二次封装pickle模块功能,对比pickle而言,shelve实现了按照‘键’来取值
示例:
import shelve name = [‘swht‘,‘shen‘,‘test‘] class Test(object): def __init__(self,n): self.n = n t1 = Test(1234) t2 = Test(123456) #存数据shelve_file = shelve.open(‘ret.txt‘) shelve_file[‘use‘] = name shelve_file[‘t1‘] = t1 shelve_file[‘t2‘] = t2 shelve_file.close() #取数据 shelve_load = shelve.open(‘ret.txt‘) a = shelve_load.get(‘use‘) print(a) b = shelve_load.get(‘t1‘) print(b.n) c = shelve_load.get(‘t2‘) print(c.n) shelve_load.close()
5.configparser模块
示例:
import configparser #生成文档 #["DEFAULT"]是一个全局模块,对所有的模块生效 config = configparser.ConfigParser() config["DEFAULT"] = {‘ServerAliveInterval‘: ‘45‘, ‘Compression‘: ‘yes‘, ‘CompressionLevel‘: ‘9‘} config[‘bitbucket.org‘] = {} config[‘bitbucket.org‘][‘User‘] = ‘hg‘ config[‘topsecret.server.com‘] = {} topsecret = config[‘topsecret.server.com‘] topsecret[‘Host Port‘] = ‘50022‘ # mutates the parser topsecret[‘ForwardX11‘] = ‘no‘ # same here config[‘DEFAULT‘][‘ForwardX11‘] = ‘yes‘ with open(‘example.ini‘, ‘w‘) as configfile: config.write(configfile) #查询 config = configparser.ConfigParser() config.read(‘example.ini‘) print(config.sections()) #[‘bitbucket.org‘, ‘topsecret.server.com‘] if ‘bitbucket.org‘ in config: print(‘True‘) print("[‘bitbucket.org‘][‘User‘]:",config[‘bitbucket.org‘][‘User‘]) print("[‘bitbucket.org‘][‘Compression‘]:",config[‘bitbucket.org‘][‘Compression‘]) for key in config[‘bitbucket.org‘]: print(key) #读 config = configparser.ConfigParser() config.read(‘example.ini‘) secs = config.sections() print(secs) #[‘bitbucket.org‘, ‘topsecret.server.com‘] options = config.options(‘topsecret.server.com‘) print(options) #[‘host port‘, ‘forwardx11‘, ‘compression‘, ‘serveraliveinterval‘, ‘compressionlevel‘] item_list = config.items(‘bitbucket.org‘) print(item_list) #[(‘compression‘, ‘yes‘), (‘serveraliveinterval‘, ‘45‘), (‘compressionlevel‘, ‘9‘), (‘forwardx11‘, ‘yes‘), (‘user‘, ‘hg‘)] val = config.get(‘bitbucket.org‘,‘compression‘) print(val) #改写 config = configparser.ConfigParser() config.read(‘example.ini‘) #实现从原来的文件中读取,删除[bitbucket.org]模块后将其他内容写到example_new.ini文件中 # sec = config.remove_section(‘bitbucket.org‘) # config.write(open(‘example_new.ini‘, "w")) #添加[swht]模块 # sec = config.has_section(‘swht‘) # sec = config.add_section(‘swht‘) # config.write(open(‘example_new1.ini‘, "w"))
6. hashlib模块
该模块提供了多个算法对字符串进行加密操作。
示例代码:
import hashlib #md5加密 md5num = hashlib.md5() md5num.update(b"[email protected]") print(md5num.hexdigest()) #7e023c9fafc96423da854e4923f466a1 #sha1加密 sha1num = hashlib.sha1() sha1num.update(b"[email protected]") print(sha1num.hexdigest()) #dd8d5deaa16c2dde03785aac99943f8f75bfaba9 #sha256加密 hash = hashlib.sha256() hash.update(b"[email protected]") print(hash.hexdigest()) #14b03e2271da2cc9b0cc3ff73727c6d3ba6ba17077470a92162f7b46c9d1d968 #sha384加密 hash = hashlib.sha384() hash.update(b"[email protected]") print(hash.hexdigest()) #a27bbc0d66d6b8b00a7ebfcad662ebed385fe2098898dfe23b88ffa88e1b6565d82e7eee5c9950c90231d0c0aa286e00 #sha512加密 hash = hashlib.sha512() hash.update(b"[email protected]") print(hash.hexdigest()) #42bb1886bba49373c8f8177fba32a58a1f31af7272219789db52776428789f4a39970da9a36fdef6ab76651ed9f07e0fa140e4fa7dd325cb52559389bb80ceab
高级加密代码
7. subprocess模块
1. python2.7
import subprocess
#默认状态shell = False,必须使用一个列表的方式将shell命令传递进去
ret = subprocess.call(["ls", "-l"], shell=False)
#使用shell = True告诉subprocess模块对用户传入的shell命令不转义,即使用原生shell命令
ret = subprocess.call("ls -l", shell=True)
2. python3.5
8. logging模块
示例:
import logging # logging.warning("user [swht] is start the systerm!") # logging.critical("server is down!") #创建日志 logger = logging.getLogger(‘[Test-Log]‘) logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) #创建一个控制台的handler并设置日志级别 ch = logging.StreamHandler() ch.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) #创建一个文件的handler并设置日志级别 fh = logging.FileHandler("access.log") fh.setLevel(logging.WARNING) #创建日期格式 fomatter = logging.Formatter(‘%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s %(message)s‘,datefmt=‘%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S‘) #add formatter to ch and fh ch.setFormatter(fomatter) fh.setFormatter(fomatter) logger.addHandler(ch) logger.addHandler(fh) # ‘application‘ code logger.debug(‘debug message‘) logger.info(‘info message‘) logger.warn(‘warn message‘) logger.error(‘error message‘) logger.critical(‘critical message‘) #输出格式: 2016-02-20 16:53:27 [Test-Log] DEBUG debug message 2016-02-20 16:53:27 [Test-Log] INFO info message 2016-02-20 16:53:27 [Test-Log] WARNING warn message 2016-02-20 16:53:27 [Test-Log] ERROR error message 2016-02-20 16:53:27 [Test-Log] CRITICAL critical message
二、面向对象编程
1. 面向对象的介绍
1. 不要写重复的代码
2. 代码易扩展,程序遵循易读、易改的原则
2. 面向对象的特性
1. 封装
2. 继承
1. 基类或父类或超类
2. 子类或派生类
一般情况下,一个子类只能有一个基类,但在python中,一个子类是可以继承多个基类,实现多重继承,可以通过多级继承来实现;继承的过程就是从一般到特殊的过程
3. 多态
实现接口的重用
3. 类、方法
类 class
示例:
class Role(object): def __init__(self,name,role,weapon,life_value): self.name = name self.role = role self.weapon = weapon self.life_value = life_value def buy_weapon(self,weapon): self.weapon = weapon print("%s 成功购买[%s]" % (self.name,weapon)) #实例化 p1 = Role(‘swht‘,‘p‘,‘A11‘,100) t1 = Role(‘shen‘,‘t‘,‘A11‘,100) print("p1[weapon]初始值:",p1.weapon) print("t1[weapon]初始值:",t1.weapon) #买枪行为 p1.buy_weapon("AB") t1.buy_weapon("AK") print("p1[weapon]当前值:",p1.weapon) print("t1[weapon]当前值:",t1.weapon)
时间: 2024-10-11 21:49:59