CentOS安装oracle 11G笔记

系统：CentOS64 + oracle11G x86_64

1、关闭防火墙，

# vi /etc/selinux/config

修改SELINUX=disabled，然后重启。
如果不想重启系统，使用命令setenforce 0

2、建立脚本build.sh,

# vim build.sh      #注意以root登陆执行

将下列代码粘贴进去：

#!/bin/bash

#安装依赖库文件
yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 \
yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33
yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33*.i686
yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel
yum -y install gcc
yum -y install gcc-c++
yum -y install glibc*.i686
yum -y install glibc
yum -y install glibc-devel
yum -y install glibc-devel*.i686
yum -y install ksh 

yum -y install libgcc*.i686 libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.i686 

yum -y install libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.i686
yum -y install make
yum -y install sysstat

yum -y install unixODBC
yum -y install unixODBC*.i686
yum -y install unixODBC-devel
yum -y install unixODBC-devel*.i686

yum -y install java
yum -y install libXp           #注意需要安装libXp这个Library，这个一定要安装，否则安装Oracle时会出现java Exception

#以root用户登录
/usr/sbin/groupadd dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd oper
/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall

#添加oracle用户
useradd oracle
/usr/sbin/usermod -g oinstall -G dba oracle

#为oracle用户添加密码passwd
echo passwd|passwd --stdin oracle

#预先创建安装目录
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product/OraHome
mkdir -p /opt/oraInventory
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/oradata
mkdir -p /var/opt/oracle

#设置目录的所有者所属组和权限
chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle
chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle/oradata
chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle/product/OraHome
chown -R oracle.dba /opt/oraInventory
chown oracle.dba /var/opt/oracle
chmod -R 775 /opt/oracle
chmod -R 755 /var/opt/oracle

执行脚本

# sh build.sh 

3、编辑/etc/security/limits.conf

# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

在文件末尾添加下面几行：

oracle  soft        nproc   2047
oracle  hard        nproc   16384
oracle  soft        nofile  1024
oracle  hard        nofile  65536

4、 设置用户oracle的环境变量

#su - oracle
$ vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

在文件底部添加

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/OraHome
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
export ORACLE_TERM=vt100
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/bin:$PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
PATH=$PATH:/usr/sbin; export PATH
PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin; export PATH

--执行以下命令让配置马上生效或以oracle用户登录使设置生效

[[email protected] ~]$ source $HOME/.bash_profile

5、上传oracle11G安装包，并解压，注意：要保证上传的目录oracle用户有足够的权限,假如上传到/opt/soft目录

要切换回root用户进行解压：
[[email protected] oracle]$ su -
[[email protected] ~]# cd /opt/soft/

解压压缩包：

[[email protected] soft]# unzip linux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
[[email protected] soft]# unzip linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

给解压后的目录赋权限给oracle用户

#chown -R oracle database
#chgrp -R oinstall database

6、开始安装（中间过程中遇到的问题及解决方法，见下一篇：http://i.cnblogs.com/?postid=4471758&update=1）

6-1、重启系统，使设置生效，然后以oracle用户登录，执行命令

[[email protected] ~]#cd /home/oracle/database
[[email protected] ~]#./runInstaller

6-2、过程截图：

6-2.1、执行命令

6-2.2、无邮件不更新，去掉复选框，

6-2.3、

6-2.4、

6-2.5、密码：大小写、数字、8位

6-2.7、

6-2.8、

6-2.9、忽略全部

6-2.10、保存响应文件

6-2.11、开始安装产品

6-2.12、

6-2.13、管理密码，将Scott用户解锁

6-2.14、NEXT，

6-2.15、提示以root用户执行脚本

6.2.16、完成安装，点close

7、 切换到root用户执行脚本/opt/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh 和/opt/oracle/product/OraHome/root.sh

[[email protected] desktop]# su -
[[email protected] ~]# /opt/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /opt/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /opt/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.

[[email protected] /]# /opt/oracle/product/OraHome/root.sh
Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /opt/oracle/product/OraHome

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 此处回车
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Finished product-specific root actions.

参考网址：

http://blog.163.com/xiangfei209%40126/blog/static/98695674201381910470981/

http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-06/85357.htm

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24326/toc.htm#BHCGJCEA