字符串是一个类，"hello world"是它的对象
常用方法：
- 移除空白
- 分割
- 长度
- 索引
- 切片
class str(basestring):
def capitalize(self):
""" 首字母变大写 """
（返回副本）
def center(self, width, fillchar=None):
""" 内容居中，width：总长度；fillchar：空白处填充内容，默认无 """
def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None):
""" 子序列个数 """
def decode(self, encoding=None, errors=None):
""" 解码 """
def encode(self, encoding=None, errors=None):
""" 编码，针对unicode """
def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None):
""" 是否以 xxx 结束 """
def expandtabs(self, tabsize=None):
""" 将tab转换成空格，默认一个tab转换成8个空格 """
（返回副本）
def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None):
""" 寻找子序列位置，如果没找到，返回 -1 """
def format(*args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format
""" 字符串格式化，动态参数，将函数式编程时细说 """
def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None):
""" 子序列位置，如果没找到，报错 """
def isalnum(self):
""" 是否是字母和数字 """
def isalpha(self):
""" 是否是字母 """
def isdigit(self):
""" 是否是数字 """
def islower(self):
""" 是否小写 """
def isspace(self):
def istitle(self):
def isupper(self):
def join(self, iterable):
""" 连接 """
def ljust(self, width, fillchar=None):
""" 内容左对齐，右侧填充 """
def lower(self):
""" 变小写 """
（返回副本）
def lstrip(self, chars=None):
""" 移除左侧空白 """
（返回副本）
def partition(self, sep):
""" 分割，前，中，后三部分 """
def replace(self, old, new, count=None):
""" 替换 """
（返回副本）
def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None):
def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None):
def rjust(self, width, fillchar=None):
def rpartition(self, sep):
def rsplit(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None):
def rstrip(self, chars=None):
（返回副本）
def split(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None):
""" 分割， maxsplit最多分割几次 """
def splitlines(self, keepends=False):
""" 根据换行分割 """
def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None):
""" 是否起始 """
def strip(self, chars=None):
""" 移除两端空白 """
（返回副本）
def swapcase(self):
""" 大写变小写，小写变大写 """
def title(self):
def translate(self, table, deletechars=None):
"""
转换，需要先做一个对应表，最后一个表示删除字符集合
intab = "aeiou"
outtab = "12345"
trantab = maketrans(intab, outtab)
str = "this is string example....wow!!!"
print str.translate(trantab, ‘xm‘)
"""
（返回副本）
def upper(self):
（返回副本）
def zfill(self, width):
"""方法返回指定长度的字符串，原字符串右对齐，前面填充0。"""
def _formatter_field_name_split(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
pass
def _formatter_parser(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
pass
def __add__(self, y):
""" x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
pass
def __contains__(self, y):
""" x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """
pass
def __eq__(self, y):
""" x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """
pass
def __format__(self, format_spec):
"""
S.__format__(format_spec) -> string
Return a formatted version of S as described by format_spec.
"""
return ""
def __getattribute__(self, name):
""" x.__getattribute__(‘name‘) <==> x.name """
pass
def __getitem__(self, y):
""" x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """
pass
def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
pass
def __getslice__(self, i, j):
"""
x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]
Use of negative indices is not supported.
"""
pass
def __ge__(self, y):
""" x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """
pass
def __gt__(self, y):
""" x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """
pass
def __hash__(self):
""" x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """
pass
def __init__(self, string=‘‘): # known special case of str.__init__
"""
str(object=‘‘) -> string
Return a nice string representation of the object.
If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object.
# (copied from class doc)
"""
pass
def __len__(self):
""" x.__len__() <==> len(x) """
pass
def __le__(self, y):
""" x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """
pass
def __lt__(self, y):
""" x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """
pass
def __mod__(self, y):
""" x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """
pass
def __mul__(self, n):
""" x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """
pass
@staticmethod # known case of __new__
def __new__(S, *more):
""" T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
pass
def __ne__(self, y):
""" x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """
pass
def __repr__(self):
""" x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
pass
def __rmod__(self, y):
""" x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """
pass
def __rmul__(self, n):
""" x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """
pass
def __sizeof__(self):
""" S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes """
pass
def __str__(self):
""" x.__str__() <==> str(x) """
pass
str
str方法
list方法：
基本操作：
- 索引
- 切片
- 追加
- 删除
- 长度
- 切片
- 循环
- 包含
class list(object):
"""
list() -> new empty list
list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable‘s items
"""
def append(self, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" L.append(object) -- append object to end """
pass
def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" L.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value """
return 0
def extend(self, iterable): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" L.extend(iterable) -- extend list by appending elements from the iterable """
pass
def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
L.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value.
Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
"""
return 0
def insert(self, index, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" L.insert(index, object) -- insert object before index """
pass
def pop(self, index=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
L.pop([index]) -> item -- remove and return item at index (default last).
Raises IndexError if list is empty or index is out of range.
"""
pass
def remove(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
L.remove(value) -- remove first occurrence of value.
Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
"""
pass
def reverse(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" L.reverse() -- reverse *IN PLACE* """
pass
def sort(self, cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
L.sort(cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False) -- stable sort *IN PLACE*;
cmp(x, y) -> -1, 0, 1
"""
pass
def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
pass
def __contains__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """
pass
def __delitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y] """
pass
def __delslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__delslice__(i, j) <==> del x[i:j]
Use of negative indices is not supported.
"""
pass
def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """
pass
def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__getattribute__(‘name‘) <==> x.name """
pass
def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """
pass
def __getslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]
Use of negative indices is not supported.
"""
pass
def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """
pass
def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """
pass
def __iadd__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__iadd__(y) <==> x+=y """
pass
def __imul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__imul__(y) <==> x*=y """
pass
def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of list.__init__
"""
list() -> new empty list
list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable‘s items
# (copied from class doc)
"""
pass
def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """
pass
def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__len__() <==> len(x) """
pass
def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """
pass
def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """
pass
def __mul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """
pass
@staticmethod # known case of __new__
def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
pass
def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """
pass
def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
pass
def __reversed__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" L.__reversed__() -- return a reverse iterator over the list """
pass
def __rmul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """
pass
def __setitem__(self, i, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y """
pass
def __setslice__(self, i, j, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
x.__setslice__(i, j, y) <==> x[i:j]=y
Use of negative indices is not supported.
"""
pass
def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" L.__sizeof__() -- size of L in memory, in bytes """
pass
__hash__ = None
list
列表方法
元组：带上枷锁的列表，方法同列表，但元组不可更改
如果想更新元组：temp=(1,2,3,4) temp=temp(:2)+(‘hello‘,)+temp(2:)
字典：{键：值，键：值。。。}
创建字典：
person = {"name": "mr.wu", ‘age‘: 18}
或
person = dict({"name": "mr.wu", ‘age‘: 18})
常用操作：
- 索引
- 新增
- 删除 del dict[key]
- 键、值、键值对
- 循环
- 长度
for i in 字典：
print（i） #默认输出key
for k,v in 字典：
print(k)
print(v)
其他：
enumrate
为可迭代的对象添加序号
li = [11,22,33]
for k,v in enumerate(li, 1): #默认从0开始自增，这里是从1开始自增
print(k,v) #打印 1,11 2,22 3,33
range和xrange
指定范围，生成指定的数字
2.7中range(1,10),直接就创建1-9，xrange(1,10),只有在迭代的时候才创建1-9，提高效率
print range(1, 10) # 结果：[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] print range(1, 10, 2) # 结果：[1, 3, 5, 7, 9] print range(30, 0, -2) # 结果：[30, 28, 26, 24, 22, 20, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6, 4, 2]
3.5中的range就相当于2.7中的xrange
时间： 2024-10-23 14:52:31