- 安装完DHCP后,了解其重要的配置文件
配置服务
主配置文件为/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
打开后发现可以查看配置实例example,可以根据实例了解下
修改配置文件
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# dhcpd.conf # # Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd # # option definitions common to all supported networks... #此行我修改为自己的域名 option domain-name "liuliancao.com"; #此处servers我修改为自己dns的地址 option domain-name-servers 192.168.177.130,192.168.177.133; #修改默认租约 default-lease-time 6000; max-lease-time 72000; # Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally. #ddns-update-style none;通常这不是安全的做法,会修改dns服务器的内容,建议关闭 # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented. #authoritative; # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection). #定义不同的日志级别,这里默认吧 log-facility local7; # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the # DHCP server to understand the network topology. #让服务知道,这是一个不被允许使用的域,我把它注释掉了 #subnet 10.152.187.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { #} # This is a very basic subnet declaration. #最基本的设置,有子网的定义,地址池的设置,路由(网关)的设置,此处我也注释掉 #subnet 10.254.239.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 { # range 10.254.239.10 10.254.239.20; #option routers rtr-239-0-1.example.org, rtr-239-0-2.example.org; #} # This declaration allows BOOTP clients to get dynamic addresses, # which we don‘t really recommend. #BOOTP的使用说明,不使用 #subnet 10.254.239.32 netmask 255.255.255.224 { # range dynamic-bootp 10.254.239.40 10.254.239.60; #option broadcast-address 10.254.239.31; #option routers rtr-239-32-1.example.org; #} #典型的配置,我修改了下成为自己的配置 # A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet. subnet 192.168.177.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 192.168.177.10 192.168.177.20; #默认情况下为130-254虚拟机dhcp分配,等会用来比较接受了哪个服务器 option domain-name-servers 192.168.177.130,192.168.177.133; option domain-name "liuliancao.com"; option routers 192.168.177.1; # option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31; default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; } #定义特殊的主机,并为之绑定ip地址,即固定ip地址,这里先不用 #host server { #通过mac定位 # hardware ethernet 00:0C:29:1D:07:88; # fixed-address 192.168.177.133; #}
重启dhcpd服务
[[email protected] ~]# service dhcpd restart Shutting down dhcpd: [ OK ] Starting dhcpd: [ OK ]
上面的如果启动失败,请自行查看/var/log/messages,有详细的说明信息
[[email protected] ~]# netstat -tunlp |grep dhcpd udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:* 2677/dhcpd
设置客户端为BOOTPROTO=dhcp
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=dhcp HWADDR=00:0C:29:1D:07:88 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 ONBOOT=yes GATEWAY=192.168.177.1
如果你启动的时候显示NetworkManager actived的话,请关闭这个服务
[[email protected] network-scripts]# service NetworkManager stop Stopping NetworkManager daemon: [ OK ] [[email protected] network-scripts]# chkconfig NetworkManager off
在客户端重启网络
[[email protected] ~]# service network restart
这一步请在内部虚拟机运行,否则就会迟迟没有响应,因为客户端ip已经变了,说明该客户端是用来server端的dhcp
[[email protected] ~]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:1D:07:88 inet addr:192.168.177.3 Bcast:192.168.177.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe1d:788/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:1867 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1854 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:184954 (180.6 KiB) TX bytes:227183 (221.8 KiB)
此时服务端可以查看leases
[[email protected] ~]# tail -8 /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases lease 192.168.177.3 { starts 4 2015/05/2119:11:50; ends 4 2015/05/21 19:21:50;租约的时间信息 cltt 4 2015/05/21 19:11:50; binding state active; next binding state free; hardware etherne t00:0c:29:1d:07:88;这个mac就是client的mac 此时把之前配置文件中的静态绑定启用,在客户端有
[[email protected] ~]# service network restart Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ] Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up interface eth0: Determining IP information for eth0... done
[[email protected] ~]# ifconfig eth0 Linkencap:Ethernet HWaddr00:0C:29:1D:07:88 inet addr:192.168.177.133 Bcast:192.168.177.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr:fe80::20c:29ff:fe1d:788/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNINGMULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:2121 errors:0 dropped:0overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:2080errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:212609(207.6 KiB) TX bytes:251128 (245.2 KiB)
不过绑定信息并不需要租约
时间: 2024-10-14 20:37:43