配置你的服务器
你需要在你的服务器上安装Ruby的环境，你可以使用RVM或者是rbenv.
上传到github
这步需要将你的应用上传到github,在你的github上创建新的repository,然后在你本机代码位置执行下面的命令，初始化git仓库。
git init git add . git commit -m"<message>" git remote add origin [email protected]:<username>/<git repo>.git git push origin master
安装Capistrano
在你的Gemfile里添加下面的一行。
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gem‘capistrano‘ |
然后执行
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bundle |
在你的项目目录里执行
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capify . |
执行结果
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examination-paper ? capify . git:master* [add] writing‘./Capfile‘ [add] writing‘./config/deploy.rb‘ [done] capified! |
创建了两个文件，你的Rails应用的配置文件写在config/deploy.rb里。下面是一个示例。
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require"bundler/capistrano" # Define your server here server"<server>",:web,:app,:db, primary:true # Set application settings set:application,"<app_name>" set:user,"<deployment_user>"# As defined on your server set:deploy_to,"/home/#{user}/apps/#{application}"# Directoryinwhich the deployment will take place set:deploy_via,:remote_cache set:use_sudo,false set:scm,"git" set:repository,"[email protected]:<git_user>/#{application}.git" set:branch,"master" default_run_options[:pty] =true ssh_options[:forward_agent] =true after"deploy","deploy:cleanup"# keep only the last 5 releases namespace:deploydo %w[start stop restart].eachdo|command| desc"#{command} unicorn server" task command, roles::app, except: {no_release:true}do run"/etc/init.d/unicorn_#{application} #{command}"# Using unicorn as the app server end end task:setup_config, roles::appdo sudo"ln -nfs #{current_path}/config/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/#{application}" sudo"ln -nfs #{current_path}/config/unicorn_ini.sh /etc/init.d/unicorn_#{application}" run"mkdir -p #{shared_path}/config" putFile.read("config/database.yml"),"#{shared_path}/config/database.yml" puts"Now edit the config files in #{shared_path}." end after"deploy:setup","deploy:setup_config" task:symlink_config, roles::appdo run"ln -nfs #{shared_path}/config/database.yml #{release_path}/config/database.yml" end after"deploy:finalize_update","deploy:symlink_config" desc"Make sure local git is in sync with remote." task:check_revision, roles::webdo unless`git rev-parseHEAD` == `git rev-parse origin/master` puts"WARNING: HEAD is not the same as origin/master" puts"Run `git push` to sync changes." exit end end before"deploy","deploy:check_revision" end |
deploy.rb 文件，使用unicorn 作为server,配置文件nginx.conf和unicorn.rb 例子如下：
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upstream unicorn { server unix:/tmp/unicorn.<app_name>.sock fail_timeout=0; } server { listen 80 default deferred; server_name <your_servername>; if($host =‘<your_servername>‘) { rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://<your_servername>/$1 permanent; } root/home/deployer/apps/<app_name>/current/public; location ^~/assets/{ gzip_static on; expires max; add_header Cache-Control public; } try_files $uri/index.html $uri location proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://unicorn; } error_page 500 502 503 504/500.html; client_max_body_size 4G; keepalive_timeout 10; } |
unicorn.rb
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# Define your root directory root ="/home/deployer/apps/gifroll/current" # Define worker directory for Unicorn working_directory root # Location of PID file pid"#{root}/tmp/pids/unicorn.pid" # Define Log paths stderr_path"#{root}/log/unicorn.log" stdout_path"#{root}/log/unicorn.log" # Listen on a UNIX data socket listen"/tmp/unicorn.gifroll.sock" # 16 worker processes for production environment worker_processes16 # Load rails before forking workers for better worker spawn time preload_apptrue # Restart workes hangin‘ out for more than 240 secs timeout240 |
最后
在config目录里，创建unicorn_init.sh ，添加下面的内容
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#!/bin/sh ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: unicorn # Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog # Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: Manage unicorn server # Description: Start, stop, restart unicorn server for a specific application. ### END INIT INFO set-e # Feel free to change any of the following variables for your app: TIMEOUT=${TIMEOUT-60} APP_ROOT=/home/deployer/apps/<app_name>/current PID=$APP_ROOT/tmp/pids/unicorn.pid CMD="cd $APP_ROOT; bundle exec unicorn -D -c $APP_ROOT/config/unicorn.rb -E production" AS_USER=<user> set-u OLD_PIN="$PID.oldbin" sig () { test-s"$PID"&&kill-$1 `cat$PID` } oldsig () { test-s $OLD_PIN &&kill-$1 `cat$OLD_PIN` } run () { if["$(id -un)"="$AS_USER"];then eval$1 else su-c"$1"- $AS_USER fi } case"$1"in start) sig 0 &&echo>&2"Already running"&&exit0 run"$CMD" ;; stop) sig QUIT &&exit0 echo>&2"Not running" ;; force-stop) sig TERM &&exit0 echo>&2"Not running" ;; restart|reload) sig HUP &&echoreloaded OK &&exit0 echo>&2"Couldn‘t reload, starting ‘$CMD‘ instead" run"$CMD" ;; upgrade) ifsig USR2 &&sleep2 && sig 0 && oldsig QUIT then n=$TIMEOUT whiletest-s $OLD_PIN &&test$n -ge0 do printf‘.‘&&sleep1 && n=$(( $n - 1 )) done echo iftest$n -lt 0 &&test-s $OLD_PIN then echo>&2"$OLD_PIN still exists after $TIMEOUT seconds" exit1 fi exit0 fi echo>&2"Couldn‘t upgrade, starting ‘$CMD‘ instead" run"$CMD" ;; reopen-logs) sig USR1 ;; *) echo>&2"Usage: $0 <start|stop|restart|upgrade|force-stop|reopen-logs>" exit1 ;; esac |
我们如何部署我们的应用呢？
把你最新的改动push到github,然后执行下面的命令
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cap deploy:setup |
这个命令会在你的服务器
/<user>/apps/<app_name> 创建两个文件夹，然后把nginx和unicorn的配置文件链接到合适的位置。
你需要给服务器访问git 代码库的权限。
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ssh-add |
执行下面的命令部署
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cap deploy:cold |
cold部署会执行迁移并且重启web服务.