1、配置163或者阿里云yum源：
阿里云yum源地址：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6.9/os/x86_64/Packages/
阿里云给出的解决办法：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos 点击centos后面的帮助即可看到：
1、备份 mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup 2、下载新的CentOS-Base.repo 到/etc/yum.repos.d/ CentOS 5 wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo 或者 curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo CentOS 6 wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo 可以直接通过访问url下载到本地后上传到linux目录中，如果linux中不支持wget时，可以使用这种方法。 或者 curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo CentOS 7 wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo 或者 curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo 3、之后运行yum makecache生成缓存
具体操作：
[[email protected] zyj]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ //yum源的配置文件，查看默认yum源，一般默认为centos官网下的yum源。
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# ll
total 24
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1991 Mar 28 2017 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 647 Mar 28 2017 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 630 Mar 28 2017 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7989 Mar 28 2017 CentOS-Vault.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 289 Mar 28 2017 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# cp CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.backup //备份
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# ll
total 24
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1991 Mar 28 2017 CentOS-Base.repo.backup
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 647 Mar 28 2017 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 630 Mar 28 2017 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7989 Mar 28 2017 CentOS-Vault.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 289 Mar 28 2017 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Apr 29 11:58 my.repos
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]#
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo //下载新的yum源到本地
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
102 2572 102 2572 0 0 7505 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 11482
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# ll
total 28
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2572 Apr 30 03:07 CentOS-Base.repo
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum clean all //清除之前的缓存
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Cleaning repos: base extras updates
Cleaning up Everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum makecache //生成缓存
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
base | 3.7 kB 00:00
base/group_gz | 226 kB 00:00
base/filelists_db | 6.4 MB 00:05
base/primary_db | 4.7 MB 00:06
base/other_db | 2.8 MB 00:03
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00
extras/filelists_db | 26 kB 00:00
extras/prestodelta | 1.7 kB 00:00
extras/primary_db | 30 kB 00:00
extras/other_db | 32 kB 00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00
updates/filelists_db | 4.3 MB 00:05
updates/prestodelta | 245 kB 00:00
updates/primary_db | 7.0 MB 00:05
updates/other_db | 100 MB 01:27
2、构建本地设置yum源：通过光盘方式。
1、插入完整版的IOS文件到光驱；将虚拟中mini版的linux虚拟机通过设置中的CD选择为完整版的镜像；
2、挂载光盘；mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
[[email protected] ~]# cd /mnt/ //查看挂载点目录 [[email protected] mnt]# ls [[email protected] mnt]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt //挂载光盘 mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only [[email protected] mnt]# cd /dev [[email protected] dev]# ls -l cdrom lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 3 4月 30 18:52 cdrom -> sr0 [[email protected] dev]# [[email protected] dev]# cd /mnt/ //查看挂载文件 [[email protected] mnt]# ls CentOS_BuildTag GPL Packages RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-6 EFI images RELEASE-NOTES-en-US.html RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Debug-6 TRANS.TBL EULA isolinux repodata RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Security-6 [[email protected] mnt]# cd Packages/ //查看挂载后的rpm文件 [[email protected] Packages]# ls 389-ds-base-1.2.11.15-89.el6.x86_64.rpm libreoffice-math-4.3.7.2-2.el6.x86_64.rpm 389-ds-base-libs-1.2.11.15-89.el6.x86_64.rpm libreoffice-ogltrans-4.3.7.2-2.el6.x86_64.rpm abrt-2.0.8-43.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm libreoffice-opensymbol-fonts-4.3.7.2-2.el6.noarch.rpm abrt-addon-ccpp-2.0.8-43.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm libreoffice-pdfimport-4.3.7.2-2.el6.x86_64.rpm abrt-addon-kerneloops-2.0.8-43.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm libreoffice-pyuno-4.3.7.2-2.el6.x86_64.rpm abrt-addon-python-2.0.8-43.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm libreoffice-ure-4.3.7.2-2.el6.x86_64.rpm abrt-cli-2.0.8-43.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm libreoffice-wiki-publisher-4.3.7.2-2.el6.x86_64.rpm abrt-desktop-2.0.8-43.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm libreoffice-writer-4.3.7.2-2.el6.x86_64.rpm abrt-gui-2.0.8-43.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm libreoffice-xsltfilter-4.3.7.2-2.el6.x86_64.rpm abrt-libs-2.0.8-43.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm libreport-2.0.9-33.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm abrt-python-2.0.8-43.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm libreport-cli-2.0.9-33.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm abrt-tui-2.0.8-43.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm libreport-compat-2.0.9-33.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm abyssinica-fonts-1.0-5.1.el6.noarch.rpm libreport-filesystem-2.0.9-33.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm acl-2.2.49-7.el6.x86_64.rpm libreport-gtk-2.0.9-33.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm acpid-1.0.10-3.el6.x86_64.rpm libreport-newt-2.0.9-33.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm adcli-0.8.1-1.el6.x86_64.rpm libreport-plugin-kerneloops-2.0.9-33.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm aic94xx-firmware-30-2.el6.noarch.rpm libreport-plugin-logger-2.0.9-33.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm aide-0.14-11.el6.x86_64.rpm libreport-plugin-mailx-2.0.9-33.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm akonadi-1.2.1-3.el6.x86_64.rpm libreport-plugin-reportuploader-2.0.9-33.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm alacarte-0.12.4-1.el6.noarch.rpm libreport-plugin-rhtsupport-2.0.9-33.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm alsa-lib-1.1.0-4.el6.x86_64.rpm libreport-plugin-ureport-2.0.9-33.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm alsa-lib-devel-1.1.0-4.el6.x86_64.rpm libreport-python-2.0.9-33.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm alsa-plugins-pulseaudio-1.1.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm librepository-1.0.0-2.OOo31.1.el6.x86_64.rpm alsa-utils-1.1.0-10.el6.x86_64.rpm libreswan-3.15-7.3.el6.x86_64.rpm
3、修改/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo；
4、该目录下的其他配置文件删除，清除缓存文件并生成缓存；
5、yum源配置完成后，可使用yum install 安装应用程序。
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# cp CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.backup //备份原有配置文件 [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# ll 总用量 28 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1991 3月 28 2017 CentOS-Base.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1991 4月 30 19:03 CentOS-Base.repo.backup -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 647 3月 28 2017 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 289 3月 28 2017 CentOS-fasttrack.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 630 3月 28 2017 CentOS-Media.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7989 3月 28 2017 CentOS-Vault.repo [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS-Base.repo //修改配置文件 [base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/? release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra //将原有的注释，并复制一行进行修改 baseurl=file:///mnt/ //file：//表示本地获取 #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 //启用检测gpg签名，验证rpm文件的安全性。 gpgkey=file:///mnt/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 //gpg签名文件路径 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&infra=$infra #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 //不启用的意思。 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 ：wq //保存后退出 [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum clean all 已加载插件：fastestmirror Cleaning repos: base extras updates 清理一切 Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum makecache //生成缓存 已加载插件：fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * extras: mirrors.sohu.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com base | 4.0 kB 00:00 ... base/group_gz | 226 kB 00:00 ... base/filelists_db | 6.3 MB 00:01 ... base/primary_db | 4.7 MB 00:00 ... base/other_db | 2.7 MB 00:00 ..
注意：使用挂载光盘中的rpm文件作为yum源，由于光盘不能写以及重启后可能需要重新挂载，这时候可以通过将网络上的所有rpm文件下载到本地目录中，如/opt文件中即可。
[[email protected] ~]# cp /mnt/ /opt/ cp: 略过目录"/mnt/"
3、构建本地设置yum源：通过下载rpm文件到本地目录的方式。
1、下载网络上yum源中的rpm文件到本地目录中；下载完成后通过crt自带的文件传输功能上传到linux对应的目录中；具体不在这里示范；
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir mirrors [[email protected] ~]# cd mirrors/ [[email protected] mirrors]# mkdir base [[email protected] mirrors]# ls base
安装yum-utils工具后，可以提供reposync命令。
[[email protected] ~]# yum search yum-util //忘记名字时，可以通过search查寻下； 已加载插件：fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.sohu.com ====================================================== N/S Matched: yum-util ====================================================== yum-utils.noarch : Utilities based around the yum package manager Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything. [[email protected] ~]# yum install yum-utils -y //安装时不用手动确认yes 已加载插件：fastestmirror 设置安装进程 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.sohu.com 解决依赖关系 --> 执行事务检查 ---> Package yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.30-40.el6 will be 安装 --> 处理依赖关系 libxml2-python，它被软件包 yum-utils-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch 需要 --> 执行事务检查 ---> Package libxml2-python.x86_64 0:2.7.6-21.el6_8.1 will be 安装 --> 完成依赖关系计算 依赖关系解决 =================================================================================================================================== 软件包 架构 版本 仓库 大小 =================================================================================================================================== 正在安装: yum-utils noarch 1.1.30-40.el6 base 113 k 为依赖而安装: libxml2-python x86_64 2.7.6-21.el6_8.1 base 325 k 事务概要 =================================================================================================================================== Install 2 Package(s) 总下载量：437 k Installed size: 2.2 M 下载软件包： ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 总计 1.3 MB/s | 437 kB 00:00 运行 rpm_check_debug 执行事务测试 事务测试成功 执行事务 正在安装 : libxml2-python-2.7.6-21.el6_8.1.x86_64 1/2 正在安装 : yum-utils-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch 2/2 Verifying : yum-utils-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch 1/2 Verifying : libxml2-python-2.7.6-21.el6_8.1.x86_64 2/2 已安装: yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.30-40.el6 作为依赖被安装: libxml2-python.x86_64 0:2.7.6-21.el6_8.1 完毕！
2、修改/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo；
3、该目录下的其他配置文件删除，清除缓存文件并生成缓存；
4、yum源配置完成后，可使用yum install 安装应用程序。
Linux下设置目录网络共享
服务器端配置：
1、安装nfs-utils和rpcbind yum install -y nfs-utils rpcbind 2、设置开机启动服务 Chkconfig nfs on Chkconfig rpcbind on 3、启动相关服务 Service rpcbind start Service nfs start 4、创建共享目录 Mkdir /share 5、编辑/etc/exports文件添加如下内容： Vim /etc/exports /share client_ip(rv,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
客户端的指定方式：
指定ip地址的主机：192.168.0.100 指定子网中的所有主机：192.168.0.0/24或192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0 指定域名的主机：nfs.test.com 指定域中的所有主机：*.test.com 所有主机：*
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhaoyujiao/p/8973803.html
时间： 2024-11-09 09:37:11