SpringBoot-基于Maven工程使用SpringBoot

Spring Boot

SpringBoot是一个社区反馈推动的项目。SpringBoot可以说是至少五年来Spring乃至整个Java社区最有影响力的项目之一。SpringBoot主要包括以下特性：

  1. 直接嵌入Tomcat，Jetty或者Undertow作为Servlet container。从此之后再也不用将应用程序打包成war然后上传到application server里面了。
  2. 提供了starter POM，能够非常方便的进行包管理，很大程度上减少了jar hell或者dependency hell。
  3. 自动进行Spring框架的配置，节省程序员大量的时间和精力，能够让程序员专注在业务逻辑代码的编写上。
  4. 不需要任何第三方系统，Spring Boot自带了可以用于生产环境的程序状态信息和健康状态。同时可以让应用程序非常方便的读取外部的配置信息。
  5. 完全不需要任何代码的自动生成。更不需要用xml来进行框架配置。

基于Maven工程使用SpringBoot

新建Maven工程，编写pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>20171111</groupId>
  <artifactId>springboot</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <name>springboot</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.2.RELEASE</version>
      <relativePath></relativePath>
  </parent>
  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
      <plugins>
          <plugin>
              <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          </plugin>
      </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

编写main函数：

在这里标记HelloworldDemoApplication class为SpringBootApplication，SpringBoot在后台会根据这个标记进行很多自动配置，比如配置MVC，配置包扫描，注入必要的类，注入自动配置的类等等。

这里的main函数是一个java标准的main函数，这个相当于应用程序入口，servlet container会在启动的时候找到这个入口，启动Spring container，完成初始化。

package springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer;
import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer;

@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloworldDemoApplication implements EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        SpringApplication.run(HelloworldDemoApplication.class, args);
    }

    public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {
        // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
        container.setPort(8088);
    }
}

编写 HelloworldRestController类

package springboot;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class HelloworldRestController {
    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String helloworld(){
        return "hello world";
    }
}

选择运行方式为：Maven Build ->对应的窗口里面设置Goals：clean package spring-boot:run，顺便为了方便把下面的Skip Tests也勾上，然后run。

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___‘_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | ‘_ | ‘_| | ‘_ \/ _` | \ \ \  \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  ‘  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v1.3.2.RELEASE)

2017-11-11 23:41:56.105  INFO 8407 --- [           main] springboot.HelloworldDemoApplication     : Starting HelloworldDemoApplication on pdeMacBook-Pro.local with PID 8407 (/Users/pg/Documents/workspace/springboot/target/classes started by pg in /Users/pg/Documents/workspace/springboot)
2017-11-11 23:41:56.107  INFO 8407 --- [           main] springboot.HelloworldDemoApplication     : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2017-11-11 23:41:56.147  INFO 8407 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot[email protected]563b3f89: startup date [Sat Nov 11 23:41:56 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-11-11 23:41:57.262  INFO 8407 --- [           main] o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory     : Overriding bean definition for bean ‘beanNameViewResolver‘ with a different definition: replacing [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration.class]] with [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter.class]]
2017-11-11 23:41:58.061  INFO 8407 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8088 (http)
2017-11-11 23:41:58.091  INFO 8407 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service Tomcat
2017-11-11 23:41:58.093  INFO 8407 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.0.30
2017-11-11 23:41:58.224  INFO 8407 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2017-11-11 23:41:58.224  INFO 8407 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 2077 ms
2017-11-11 23:41:58.590  INFO 8407 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.e.ServletRegistrationBean        : Mapping servlet: ‘dispatcherServlet‘ to [/]
2017-11-11 23:41:58.595  INFO 8407 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: ‘characterEncodingFilter‘ to: [/*]
2017-11-11 23:41:58.596  INFO 8407 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: ‘hiddenHttpMethodFilter‘ to: [/*]
2017-11-11 23:41:58.596  INFO 8407 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: ‘httpPutFormContentFilter‘ to: [/*]
2017-11-11 23:41:58.596  INFO 8407 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: ‘requestContextFilter‘ to: [/*]
2017-11-11 23:41:58.947  INFO 8407 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot[email protected]563b3f89: startup date [Sat Nov 11 23:41:56 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-11-11 23:41:59.028  INFO 8407 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/]}" onto public java.lang.String springboot.HelloworldRestController.helloworld()
2017-11-11 23:41:59.032  INFO 8407 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2017-11-11 23:41:59.032  INFO 8407 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
2017-11-11 23:41:59.056  INFO 8407 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2017-11-11 23:41:59.056  INFO 8407 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2017-11-11 23:41:59.091  INFO 8407 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2017-11-11 23:41:59.207  INFO 8407 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2017-11-11 23:41:59.291 ERROR 8407 --- [           main] o.a.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol      : Failed to start end point associated with ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8088"]

如果你遇到这种问题：Failed to start end point associated with ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8088"]

这表明8088端口被占用了，可以通过实现EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer接口修改SpringBoot内置的tomcat端口来解决端口被占用的问题：

package springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer;
import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer;

@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloworldDemoApplication implements EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        SpringApplication.run(HelloworldDemoApplication.class, args);
    }

    public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {
        // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
        container.setPort(8089);
    }
}

修改端口为8089：再次运行：

 .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___‘_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | ‘_ | ‘_| | ‘_ \/ _` | \ \ \  \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  ‘  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v1.3.2.RELEASE)

2017-11-11 23:47:48.204  INFO 8449 --- [           main] springboot.HelloworldDemoApplication     : Starting HelloworldDemoApplication on pdeMacBook-Pro.local with PID 8449 (/Users/pg/Documents/workspace/springboot/target/classes started by pg in /Users/pg/Documents/workspace/springboot)
2017-11-11 23:47:48.209  INFO 8449 --- [           main] springboot.HelloworldDemoApplication     : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2017-11-11 23:47:48.363  INFO 8449 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot[email protected]48af20f4: startup date [Sat Nov 11 23:47:48 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-11-11 23:47:49.230  INFO 8449 --- [           main] o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory     : Overriding bean definition for bean ‘beanNameViewResolver‘ with a different definition: replacing [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration.class]] with [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter.class]]
2017-11-11 23:47:50.197  INFO 8449 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8089 (http)
2017-11-11 23:47:50.223  INFO 8449 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service Tomcat
2017-11-11 23:47:50.225  INFO 8449 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.0.30
2017-11-11 23:47:50.360  INFO 8449 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2017-11-11 23:47:50.362  INFO 8449 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 2001 ms
2017-11-11 23:47:50.761  INFO 8449 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.e.ServletRegistrationBean        : Mapping servlet: ‘dispatcherServlet‘ to [/]
2017-11-11 23:47:50.767  INFO 8449 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: ‘characterEncodingFilter‘ to: [/*]
2017-11-11 23:47:50.767  INFO 8449 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: ‘hiddenHttpMethodFilter‘ to: [/*]
2017-11-11 23:47:50.767  INFO 8449 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: ‘httpPutFormContentFilter‘ to: [/*]
2017-11-11 23:47:50.768  INFO 8449 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: ‘requestContextFilter‘ to: [/*]
2017-11-11 23:47:51.092  INFO 8449 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot[email protected]48af20f4: startup date [Sat Nov 11 23:47:48 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-11-11 23:47:51.161  INFO 8449 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/]}" onto public java.lang.String springboot.HelloworldRestController.helloworld()
2017-11-11 23:47:51.164  INFO 8449 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2017-11-11 23:47:51.165  INFO 8449 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
2017-11-11 23:47:51.193  INFO 8449 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2017-11-11 23:47:51.194  INFO 8449 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2017-11-11 23:47:51.237  INFO 8449 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2017-11-11 23:47:51.365  INFO 8449 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2017-11-11 23:47:51.463  INFO 8449 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8089 (http)
2017-11-11 23:47:51.471  INFO 8449 --- [           main] springboot.HelloworldDemoApplication     : Started HelloworldDemoApplication in 14.261 seconds (JVM running for 19.706)
2017-11-11 23:51:29.888  INFO 8449 --- [nio-8089-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet ‘dispatcherServlet‘
2017-11-11 23:51:29.890  INFO 8449 --- [nio-8089-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet ‘dispatcherServlet‘: initialization started
2017-11-11 23:51:29.920  INFO 8449 --- [nio-8089-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet ‘dispatcherServlet‘: initialization completed in 30 ms

打开浏览器输入：localhost:8089

基于Maven的SpringBoot简单使用就完成了。

时间： 2024-09-29 10:26:24

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