Virtualbox上面UEFI/GPT安装Archlinux2015.05.01

1. 新建Arch 64位虚拟机，内存1G，挂载Archlinux2015.05.01的ISO文件到光盘，网络选择桥接物理机网卡，硬盘设置32G。在"设置--系统--主板--扩展特性"下面勾选“启用EFI"，然后启动虚拟机，选择第一个菜单启动。

   

2. 启动完成后自动登录。

   

3. 开始对虚拟机硬盘分区,GPT模式，分三个区，一个给EFI启动，一个/，一个SWAP。

   root@archiso ~ # parted

   GNU Parted 3.2

   Using /dev/sda

   Welcome to GNU Parted! Type ‘help‘ to view a list of commands.

   (parted) mklabel

   New disk label type? gpt

(parted) mkpart

Partition name？  []?                                                    
    file system type？  [ext2]?
    Start? 0

End? 300M

Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.

Ignore/Cancel? I

(parted) mkpart

Partition name？  []?                                                    
    file system type？  [ext2]?
    Start? 300M

End? 32G

Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.

Ignore/Cancel? I

(parted) mkpart

Partition name？  []?                                                    
    file system type？  [ext2]?
    Start? 32G

End? 34G

Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.

Ignore/Cancel? I

(parted) quit

Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab

root@archiso ~ #

然后格式化分区

root@archiso ~ # mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sda1

root@archiso ~ # mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2

root@archiso ~ # mkswap /dev/sda3

然后挂载分区

root@archiso ~ # mount /dev/sda2 /mnt

root@archiso ~ # mkdir -p /mnt/boot/efi

root@archiso ~ # mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot/efi

root@archiso ~ # swapon /dev/sda3

4.  清空mirrorlist文件，并写入163的源。

root@archiso ~ # echo > /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

root@archiso ~ # nano /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

Server = http://mirrors.163.com/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch

5.  开始安装系统

root@archiso ~ # pacstrap /mnt base base-devel

6.  安装完后写入分区表，切换到新系统

root@archiso ~ # genfstab -U -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

root@archiso ~ # arch-chroot /mnt
    sh-4.3#

7.  编辑/etc/locale.gen，去掉一下三个前面的#号注释，并运行

sh-4.3# nano /etc/locale.gen
    en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
    zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8
    zh_CN.GB2312
    sh-4.3# locale-gen

8.  设置主机名和root密码

sh-4.3# echo arch150501 > /etc/hostname
    sh-4.3# passwd
    Enter new UNIX password: Ab12345678
    Retype new UNIX password: Ab12345678
    passwd: password updated successfully
    sh-4.3#

9.  安装几个软件和grub启动器，要装EFI版本的。

sh-4.3# pacman -S openssh net-tools vim grub-efi-x86_64 efibootmgr

10. 把GRUB装到EFI分区里，这样就多一条GRUB启动项了。

sh-4.3# grub-install --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=arch-grub --recheck

11. 生成grub配置文件，在Grub里加一条启动项。
    sh-4.3# grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

12. 到此安装完成，卸载，重启，或者关机，卸载光盘ISO再启动

sh-4.3# exit
    sh-4.3# umount /mnt/boot/efi
    sh-4.3# umount /mnt
    sh-4.3# reboot