(转载)WCF Demo / 憋错料

WCF编程系列(一)初识WCF

Windows Communication Foundation(WCF)是微软为构建面向服务的应用程序所提供的统一编程模型。
WCF的基本概念：
地址：定义服务的地址
绑定：定义服务的通讯方式(传输协议、编码方案)
契约：定义服务的具体实现
终结点：由地址、绑定和契约共同构成一个终结点，服务器通过终结点向客户端公开服务，客户端通过终结点调用服务。

下面通过一个简单的服务示例来认识WCF(只需让本例顺利运行即可，关于代码中的各种类型及WCF的相关概念我们将在后续介绍)：
1.新建项目，名称 XfrogWCFService，解决方案名称 XfrogWCFStudy001，模板选择类库，选择.NET Framework 3.0版本
2.修改Class1.cs文件名称为 IFirstService.cs
3.添加引用 System.ServiceModel
4.修改IFirstService.cs代码如下：

IFirstService.cs

```
using System;
```
```
using System.Collections.Generic;
```
```
using System.Text;
```
```
using System.ServiceModel;
```
```
namespace Xfrog.Study.WCF
```
```
{
```
```
    [ServiceContract]
```
```
    public interface IFirstService
```
```
    {
```
```
        [OperationContract]
```
```
        String GetData(String name);
```
```
    }
```
```
}
```

我们定义了一个IFirstService接口，注意在接口上申明了ServiceContract特性，即服务契约，表明该接口是一个服务。方法上声明了OperationContract特性，表示该方法是IFirstService的一个服务方法，客户端可远程调用该方法。

5.添加一个新类，文件名为FirstService.cs，代码如下：

FirstService.cs

```
using System;
```
```
using System.Collections.Generic;
```
```
using System.Text;
```
```
namespace Xfrog.Study.WCF
```
```
{
```

    public class FirstService : IFirstService

```
    {
```

        string IFirstService.GetData(String name)

```
        {
```

            return String.Format("Hello {0},Welcome To WCF!", name);

```
        }
```
```
    }
```
```
}
```

OK，到此我们的服务代码已经编写完成，下面我们必须为服务提供一个运行的宿主，通过该宿主程序来启动我们的服务。
6.在同一解决方案下新建一个项目，名称为Host，类型为控制台应用程序
7.Host项目中添加引用，引用项目XfrogWCFService，然后再添加引用：System.ServiceModel
8.修改Program.cs代码如下：

隐藏行号复制代码？Program.cs

```
using System;
```
```
using System.Collections.Generic;
```
```
using System.Text;
```
```
using System.ServiceModel;
```
```
using Xfrog.Study.WCF;
```
```
namespace Host
```
```
{
```
```
    class Program
```
```
    {
```

        static void Main(string[] args)

```
        {
```

            using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(FirstService)))

```
            {
```
```
                host.Open();
```

                Console.WriteLine("服务已启动，按任意键中止...");

```
                Console.ReadKey(true);
```
```
                host.Close();
```
```
            }
```
```
        }
```
```
    }
```
```
}
```

以上，我们已经实现了服务以及为服务提供了一个运行宿主，即契约部分已经完成，下面我们为服务指定地址及绑定，本步骤可通过WCF的管理工具，或直接编写配置文件来完成。我们先采用手工编写配置文件的方式：
9.新建项，选择应用程序配置文件，文件名App.config保持不变。
10.修改app.config内容如下：

App.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

```
<configuration>
```
```
  <system.serviceModel>
```
```
    <services>
```

      <service name="Xfrog.Study.WCF.FirstService" behaviorConfiguration="behaviorConfiguration">

```
        <host>
```
```
          <baseAddresses>
```

            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:8000/"/>

```
          </baseAddresses>
```
```
        </host>
```

        <endpoint address="" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="Xfrog.Study.WCF.IFirstService"></endpoint>

```
      </service>
```
```
    </services>
```
```
    <behaviors>
```
```
      <serviceBehaviors>
```

        <behavior name="behaviorConfiguration">

          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>

```
        </behavior>
```
```
      </serviceBehaviors>
```
```
    </behaviors>
```
```
  </system.serviceModel>
```
```
</configuration>
```

11.设置Host项目为启动项目，启动调试。控制台上显示服务已启动后，打开浏览器输入服务地址：http://localhost:8000/ ，浏览器中会打开我们的服务页面，这表示我们的服务已经启动成功，客户端可通过该地址访问我们的服务了。
下面，我们将创建一个客户端来访问我们的服务
12.在同一解决方案下新建一个项目，名称为Client，类型为控制台应用程序
13.我们将使用微软的svcutil工具生成FirstService服务的客户端代理类，通过开始菜单/Microsoft Visual Studio 2008/Visual Studio Tools/Visual Studio 2008命令提示,启动命令环境。
14.确认FirstService服务已启动
15.切换当前路径到解决方案目录：
cd G:\Study\WCF\XfrogWCFStudy001
g:
16.输入命令：
svcutil http://localhost:8000/?wsdl /o:FirstServiceClient.cs
执行成功后，会在解决方案目录下生成两个文件：FirstServiceClient.cs 和output.config
17.中止Host项目的调试，回到Client项目，选择添加现有项，然后选择这两个文件，添加后，将output.config重命名为App.config
18.Client项目中添加引用，选择System.ServiceModel
19.修改program.cs代码如下：

IFirstService.cs

```
using System;
```
```
using System.Collections.Generic;
```
```
using System.Text;
```
```
using System.ServiceModel;
```
```
namespace Xfrog.Study.WCF
```
```
{
```
```
    [ServiceContract]
```
```
    public interface IFirstService
```
```
    {
```
```
        [OperationContract]
```
```
        String GetData(String name);
```
```
    }
```
```
}
```

5.添加一个新类，文件名为FirstService.cs，代码如下：

FirstService.cs

```
using System;
```
```
using System.Collections.Generic;
```
```
using System.Text;
```
```
namespace Xfrog.Study.WCF
```
```
{
```

    public class FirstService : IFirstService

```
    {
```

        string IFirstService.GetData(String name)

```
        {
```

            return String.Format("Hello {0},Welcome To WCF!", name);

```
        }
```
```
    }
```
```
}
```

Program.cs

```
using System;
```
```
using System.Collections.Generic;
```
```
using System.Text;
```
```
using System.ServiceModel;
```
```
using Xfrog.Study.WCF;
```
```
namespace Host
```
```
{
```
```
    class Program
```
```
    {
```

        static void Main(string[] args)

```
        {
```

            using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(FirstService)))

```
            {
```
```
                host.Open();
```

                Console.WriteLine("服务已启动，按任意键中止...");

```
                Console.ReadKey(true);
```
```
                host.Close();
```
```
            }
```
```
        }
```
```
    }
```
```
}
```

App.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

```
<configuration>
```
```
  <system.serviceModel>
```
```
    <services>
```

      <service name="Xfrog.Study.WCF.FirstService" behaviorConfiguration="behaviorConfiguration">

```
        <host>
```
```
          <baseAddresses>
```

            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:8000/"/>

```
          </baseAddresses>
```
```
        </host>
```

        <endpoint address="" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="Xfrog.Study.WCF.IFirstService"></endpoint>

```
      </service>
```
```
    </services>
```
```
    <behaviors>
```
```
      <serviceBehaviors>
```

        <behavior name="behaviorConfiguration">

          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>

```
        </behavior>
```
```
      </serviceBehaviors>
```
```
    </behaviors>
```
```
  </system.serviceModel>
```
```
</configuration>
```

Program.cs

```
using System;
```
```
using System.Collections.Generic;
```
```
using System.Text;
```
```
namespace Client
```
```
{
```
```
    class Program
```
```
    {
```

        static void Main(string[] args)

```
        {
```
```
            String key = "";
```

            while (String.Compare(key, "Q", true)!=0)

```
            {
```

                FirstServiceClient client = new FirstServiceClient();

                Console.WriteLine(client.GetData(key));

                key = Console.ReadLine();

```
            }
```
```
        }
```
```
    }
```
```
}
```

20.Host项目上单击右键，选择调试—>启动新实例，待服务启动完成后，在Client项目上单击右键，选择调试—>启动新实例。输入任意字符回车，Client将调用FirstService服务GetData方法，返回一个字符串。输入q退出Client。

5.添加一个新类，文件名为FirstService.cs，代码如下：

FirstService.cs

```
using System;
```
```
using System.Collections.Generic;
```
```
using System.Text;
```
```
namespace Xfrog.Study.WCF
```
```
{
```

    public class FirstService : IFirstService

```
    {
```

        string IFirstService.GetData(String name)

```
        {
```

            return String.Format("Hello {0},Welcome To WCF!", name);

```
        }
```
```
    }
```
```
}
```

Program.cs

```
using System;
```
```
using System.Collections.Generic;
```
```
using System.Text;
```
```
using System.ServiceModel;
```
```
using Xfrog.Study.WCF;
```
```
namespace Host
```
```
{
```
```
    class Program
```
```
    {
```

        static void Main(string[] args)

```
        {
```

            using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(FirstService)))

```
            {
```
```
                host.Open();
```

                Console.WriteLine("服务已启动，按任意键中止...");

```
                Console.ReadKey(true);
```
```
                host.Close();
```
```
            }
```
```
        }
```
```
    }
```
```
}
```

App.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

```
<configuration>
```
```
  <system.serviceModel>
```
```
    <services>
```

      <service name="Xfrog.Study.WCF.FirstService" behaviorConfiguration="behaviorConfiguration">

```
        <host>
```
```
          <baseAddresses>
```

            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:8000/"/>

```
          </baseAddresses>
```
```
        </host>
```

        <endpoint address="" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="Xfrog.Study.WCF.IFirstService"></endpoint>

```
      </service>
```
```
    </services>
```
```
    <behaviors>
```
```
      <serviceBehaviors>
```

        <behavior name="behaviorConfiguration">

          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>

```
        </behavior>
```
```
      </serviceBehaviors>
```
```
    </behaviors>
```
```
  </system.serviceModel>
```
```
</configuration>
```

Program.cs

```
using System;
```
```
using System.Collections.Generic;
```
```
using System.Text;
```
```
namespace Client
```
```
{
```
```
    class Program
```
```
    {
```

        static void Main(string[] args)

```
        {
```
```
            String key = "";
```

            while (String.Compare(key, "Q", true)!=0)

```
            {
```

                FirstServiceClient client = new FirstServiceClient();

                Console.WriteLine(client.GetData(key));

                key = Console.ReadLine();

```
            }
```
```
        }
```
```
    }
```
```
}
```

时间： 2024-12-28 06:21:53

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