1、简介

1.1 介绍

????很多时候，为了方便 操作，条件允许的情况下，直接 联网 进行安装，但是 系统 所配置的 apt源 配置的 url 地址 并非 国内的，获取资源很慢，所以 需要 配置成 国内的 源，本人 喜欢 163网易源，根据个人喜好 自行选择
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1.2 操作系统

## 本文操作系统 Ubuntu 16.04 amd64
## 发行版本号 xenial
# lsb_release -a

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2、apt 源

2.1 源备份

## 备份原有的源配置文件
# cd /etc/apt
# mv -v source.list{,.bak}

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2.3 设置 163源

## 设置本地源，baseurl中file路径对应挂载的路径
# cat /etc/apt/source.list
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse

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3、apt 源操作

3.1 清除原有记录

# apt-get clean all

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3.2 更新apt源

# apt-get update

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3.3 获取安装列表

# apt-cache dump | grep Package

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4、自动化配置脚本

????本人 测试环境 需要 不断的恢复纯净 环境 进行 相关 测试操作，所以 每次 都手动 配置 实在 难受，简单的写了一个 配置脚本，可优化 之处 还望 留言 提示，嘿嘿！
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4.1 解压

# tar -zxvf set_apt_source.tar.gz -C .

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4.2 安装

## 安装完成之后，即可 直接 联网 安装 所需的 软件包
# cd set_apt_source/
# ./modify_apt_source.sh

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4.3 代码

# cat modify_apt_source.sh
#!/bin/bash

# file name :
# date :
# description :

deb_1="deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse"
deb_2="deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse"
deb_3="deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse"
deb_4="deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse"
deb_5="deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse"
deb_src1="deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse"
deb_src2="deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse"
deb_src3="deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse"
deb_src4="deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse"
deb_src5="deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse"
DEB_SOURCE="${deb_1}\n${deb_2}\n${deb_3}\n${deb_4}\n${deb_5}\n${deb_src1}\n${deb_src2}\n${deb_src3}\n${deb_src4}\n${deb_src5}\n"

APT_FILE="/etc/apt/sources.list"

[ -f ${APT_FILE} ] && mv ${APT_FILE}{,.bak}
printf "${DEB_SOURCE}" >> ${APT_FILE} && apt-get update

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原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/11495268/2333692