1、主键的创建
方法一:直接在sql语句中声明字段主键约束
create table table_name (id type[length] constraint pk_name primary key,name tyoe[length],age type[length],class_id);
方法二:alter更改表添加约束
alter table table_name add constraint pk_name primary key (字段);
删除:
alter table table_name drop constraint contraint_name;
重命名:
alter table table_name rename constraint old_name to new_name;
失效:
alter table table_name modify constraint constraint_name disable;
生效:
alter table table_name modify constraint constraint_name enable;
2、外键的创建
方法一:直接在sql语句中声明
create table table_name (id type[length] primary key table_name_pk,name tyoe[length],age type[length],
class_id,foreign key (class_id) references table2_name(class_id));//字段类型要一致
方法二:alter更改表添加约束
alter table table_name add constraint fk_name foreign key(class_id) references table2_name(class_id);
删除:
alter table table_name drop constraint constraint_name;
重命名:
alter table table_name rename constraint old_name to new_name;
失效:
alter table table_name modify constraint constraint_name disable;
生效:
alter table table_name modify constraint constraint_name enable;
3、索引的创建
create index index_name on table_name(字段);
删除:drop index index_name;
重命名:alter index index_name rename to new_name;
生效:
失效:
4、序列的创建
create sequence sequence_name
start with 1
increment by 1
nomaxvalue
nocycle;
删除:drop sequence sequence_name;
5、唯一性约束的创建
create table table_name(id type[length],name type[length],
num type[length] constraint constraint_name unique,class_id type[length]);
alter table table_name add constraint constraint_name unique(一个或多个字段);