knockout源码分析之执行过程

一、执行流程

二、主要类分析

2.1. 在applyBindings中，创建bindingContext，然后执行applyBindingsToNodeAndDescendantsInternal方法
2.2. 在applyBindinsToNodeAndDescendantsInteranl方法，主要完成当前Node的绑定，以及子Node的绑定

function applyBindingsToNodeAndDescendantsInternal (bindingContext, nodeVerified, bindingContextMayDifferFromDomParentElement) {
        var shouldBindDescendants = true;

        // Perf optimisation: Apply bindings only if...
        // (1) We need to store the binding context on this node (because it may differ from the DOM parent node‘s binding context)
        //     Note that we can‘t store binding contexts on non-elements (e.g., text nodes), as IE doesn‘t allow expando properties for those
        // (2) It might have bindings (e.g., it has a data-bind attribute, or it‘s a marker for a containerless template)
        var isElement = (nodeVerified.nodeType === 1);
        if (isElement) // Workaround IE <= 8 HTML parsing weirdness
            ko.virtualElements.normaliseVirtualElementDomStructure(nodeVerified);

        var shouldApplyBindings = (isElement && bindingContextMayDifferFromDomParentElement)             // Case (1)
                               || ko.bindingProvider[‘instance‘][‘nodeHasBindings‘](nodeVerified);       // Case (2)
        if (shouldApplyBindings)
            shouldBindDescendants = applyBindingsToNodeInternal(nodeVerified, null, bindingContext, bindingContextMayDifferFromDomParentElement)[‘shouldBindDescendants‘];

        if (shouldBindDescendants && !bindingDoesNotRecurseIntoElementTypes[ko.utils.tagNameLower(nodeVerified)]) {
            // We‘re recursing automatically into (real or virtual) child nodes without changing binding contexts. So,
            //  * For children of a *real* element, the binding context is certainly the same as on their DOM .parentNode,
            //    hence bindingContextsMayDifferFromDomParentElement is false
            //  * For children of a *virtual* element, we can‘t be sure. Evaluating .parentNode on those children may
            //    skip over any number of intermediate virtual elements, any of which might define a custom binding context,
            //    hence bindingContextsMayDifferFromDomParentElement is true
            applyBindingsToDescendantsInternal(bindingContext, nodeVerified, /* bindingContextsMayDifferFromDomParentElement: */ !isElement);
        }
    }

2.3. 进入applyBindingsToNodeInternal方法，其中会调用bindingProvider的getBindingsAccessors方法（用于分析和获取bindings数据，主要分析data-bind属性）
2.4. 创建dependentObservable对象（依赖监控对象）

var bindings;
        if (sourceBindings && typeof sourceBindings !== ‘function‘) {
            bindings = sourceBindings;
        } else {
            var provider = ko.bindingProvider[‘instance‘],
                getBindings = provider[‘getBindingAccessors‘] || getBindingsAndMakeAccessors; //自定义BingindHandler

            // Get the binding from the provider within a computed observable so that we can update the bindings whenever
            // the binding context is updated or if the binding provider accesses observables.
            var bindingsUpdater = ko.dependentObservable( //依赖监控对象
                function() { //做了read、write处理，实现双向关联(只做了read)，默认会执行一次read的。
                    bindings = sourceBindings ? sourceBindings(bindingContext, node) : getBindings.call(provider, node, bindingContext);
                    // Register a dependency on the binding context to support observable view models.
                    if (bindings && bindingContext._subscribable)
                        bindingContext._subscribable();
                    return bindings;
                },
                null, { disposeWhenNodeIsRemoved: node }
            );

            if (!bindings || !bindingsUpdater.isActive())
                bindingsUpdater = null;
        }

2.5. 然后分析bindings中每个binding，并将init、update方法创建为一个dependentObservable对象（其中bindings的执行是有顺序的）。

三、BindingProvider分析

此类主要提供关于data-bind属性的解析，主要提供getBindings、getBindingsAccessors、parseBindingsString（内容使用）方法辅助binding过程。创建function对象：

function createBindingsStringEvaluator(bindingsString, options) {
        // Build the source for a function that evaluates "expression"
        // For each scope variable, add an extra level of "with" nesting
        // Example result: with(sc1) { with(sc0) { return (expression) } }
        var rewrittenBindings = ko.expressionRewriting.preProcessBindings(bindingsString, options),
            functionBody = "with($context){with($data||{}){return{" + rewrittenBindings + "}}}"; //执行with表达式
        return new Function("$context", "$element", functionBody);
    }

1、在分析bindings时，会区分NodeType为1、8的类型。如果是8（注释）就会调用virtualElements类的virtualNodeBindingValue方法来分析binding结果。

四、bindings的排序技巧

查看自定义binding是否有after属性，如果存在则进行递归操作：

function topologicalSortBindings(bindings) {
        // Depth-first sort
        var result = [],                // The list of key/handler pairs that we will return
            bindingsConsidered = {},    // A temporary record of which bindings are already in ‘result‘
            cyclicDependencyStack = []; // Keeps track of a depth-search so that, if there‘s a cycle, we know which bindings caused it
        ko.utils.objectForEach(bindings, function pushBinding(bindingKey) {
            if (!bindingsConsidered[bindingKey]) {
                var binding = ko[‘getBindingHandler‘](bindingKey);
                if (binding) {
                    // First add dependencies (if any) of the current binding
                    if (binding[‘after‘]) { //依赖检测，将after的引用先添加到数组中，然后再添加当前项
                        cyclicDependencyStack.push(bindingKey);
                        ko.utils.arrayForEach(binding[‘after‘], function(bindingDependencyKey) {
                            if (bindings[bindingDependencyKey]) {
                                if (ko.utils.arrayIndexOf(cyclicDependencyStack, bindingDependencyKey) !== -1) {
                                    throw Error("Cannot combine the following bindings, because they have a cyclic dependency: " + cyclicDependencyStack.join(", "));
                                } else {
                                    pushBinding(bindingDependencyKey);
                                }
                            }
                        });
                        cyclicDependencyStack.length--;
                    }
                    // Next add the current binding
                    result.push({ key: bindingKey, handler: binding });
                }
                bindingsConsidered[bindingKey] = true;
            }
        });

五、注意

1.所有的dependentObservable对象，在创建的过程中都会默认执行一次readFunction方法。