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在开发一些应用中，我们如果需要iPhone设备中的通讯录信息。或者，需要开发通讯录相关的一些功能。那么就需要了解一下iOS中关于通讯录编程的相关知识。
一、AddressBook.framework-通讯录框架
关于通讯录的相关操作，被集成在AddressBook.framework框架中。所以，我们在使用通讯录相关功能的时候，需要在项目中引入AddressBook.framework框架。并且在需要使用的地方，加入框架头文件：
#import
二、通讯录操作相关知识
先贴一贴：
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
// 获得用户通讯录数据的一个引用
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();
if (addressBook != nil){
NSLog(@"Successfully accessed the address book.");
// 查看通讯录状态：YES：通讯录改变，但还没有保存；NO；通讯录不需要保存
if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(addressBook)){
BOOL doYouWantToSaveChanges = YES;
if (doYouWantToSaveChanges){
CFErrorRef saveError = NULL;
// 保存通讯录
if (ABAddressBookSave(addressBook, &saveError)){
// 保存成功
} else {
// 保存失败，查看CFErrorRef 来了解错误原因
}
} else {
// 放弃保存
ABAddressBookRevert(addressBook);
}
}else{
NSLog(@"No changes to the address book.");
}
CFRelease(addressBook);// 释放通讯录引用对象
} else {
NSLog(@"Could not access the address book.");
}
}
解释：有很多的类和知识点，需要mark一下。
1.获取通讯录的应用：
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();
在使用完成后，需要释放：
CFRelease(addressBook);
因为：ABAddressBookCreate 函数返回的数据库实例,在使用完后必须将它释放掉,可以使用 CFRelease Core Foundation 方法。
2.保存修改和放弃修改：
ABAddressBookSave(addressBook, &saveError)// 保存
ABAddressBookRevert(addressBook);// 放弃保存
三、获得通讯录的所有联系人数据
直接贴：
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();// 获得用户通讯录数据的一个引用
if (addressBook != nil){
NSLog(@"Successfully accessed the address book.");
// 返回通讯录中所有的数据
NSArray *arrayOfAllPeople = ( NSArray *) ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(addressBook);
// 循环所有联系人数据
for (NSUInteger peopleCounter = 0; peopleCounter < [arrayOfAllPeople count]; peopleCounter++){
ABRecordRef thisPerson = (ABRecordRef)[arrayOfAllPeople objectAtIndex:peopleCounter];
NSLog(@"%@", thisPerson);
NSString *firstName = (NSString *) ABRecordCopyValue(thisPerson, kABPersonFirstNameProperty);
NSString *lastName = (NSString *) ABRecordCopyValue(thisPerson, kABPersonLastNameProperty);
NSLog(@"First Name = %@", firstName);
NSLog(@"Last Name = %@", lastName);
[self logPersonEmails:thisPerson];
}
CFRelease(addressBook);// 释放通讯录引用对象
}
}
// 邮箱的数据
- (void) logPersonEmails:(ABRecordRef)paramPerson{
if (paramPerson == NULL){
NSLog(@"The given person is NULL.");
return;
}
// 获得电子邮件数据，电子邮件是个多值属性，所以需要循环遍历
ABMultiValueRef emails =ABRecordCopyValue(paramPerson, kABPersonEmailProperty);
if (emails == NULL){
NSLog(@"This contact does not have any emails.");
return;
}
for (NSUInteger emailCounter = 0;emailCounter < ABMultiValueGetCount(emails);emailCounter++){
// 邮件类别
NSString *emailLabel = [(NSString *) ABMultiValueCopyLabelAtIndex(emails, emailCounter) autorelease];
NSString *localizedEmailLabel = [(NSString *) ABAddressBookCopyLocalizedLabel((CFStringRef)emailLabel) autorelease];
// 邮件值
NSString *emailValue=[(NSString *)ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(emails, emailCounter) autorelease];
NSString *email = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Label = %@, Localized Label = %@,Email = %@",emailLabel,localizedEmailLabel,emailValue];
NSLog(@"%@",email);
}
CFRelease(emails);
}
解释：
1.在通讯录中，有单值和多值的区分
单值：在某一项中，只有一个值，比如：kABPersonFirstNameProperty和kABPersonLastNameProperty等
多值：kABPersonEmailProperty等
这样的话，我们遍历的时候，必须要区别对待了。
2.数据的释放
获得相关信息的方法为：XXXCopyXXX方法，所以，我们必须要手动释放数据，或者使用autorelease。
四、向通讯录中添加联系人-ABPersonCreate
贴代码：
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();// 获得用户通讯录数据的一个引用
if (addressBook != NULL){
ABRecordRef anthonyRobbins = [self newPersonWithFirstName:@"TT"
lastName:@"DD"
inAddressBook:addressBook];
if (anthonyRobbins != NULL){
NSLog(@"添加成功！");
CFRelease(anthonyRobbins);
}
CFRelease(addressBook);
}
}
// 添加联系人到通讯录
- (ABRecordRef) newPersonWithFirstName:(NSString *)paramFirstName lastName:(NSString *)paramLastName inAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook{
ABRecordRef result = NULL;
if (paramAddressBook == NULL){
NSLog(@"The address book is NULL.");
return NULL;
}
if ([paramFirstName length] == 0 && [paramLastName length] == 0){
NSLog(@"First name and last name are both empty.");
return NULL;
}
result = ABPersonCreate();// 创建一个新的联系人
if (result == NULL){
NSLog(@"Failed to create a new person.");
return NULL;
}
BOOL couldSetFirstName = NO;
BOOL couldSetLastName = NO;
CFErrorRef setFirstNameError = NULL;
CFErrorRef setLastNameError = NULL;
// 设置FirstName，并且返回是否设置成功
couldSetFirstName = ABRecordSetValue(result,kABPersonFirstNameProperty,(CFTypeRef)paramFirstName,&setFirstNameError);
// 设置LastName，并且返回是否设置成功
couldSetLastName = ABRecordSetValue(result, kABPersonLastNameProperty,(CFTypeRef)paramLastName,&setLastNameError);
// 设置其他属性，类似,但是还没有研究出来先mark一下吧
if (couldSetFirstName && couldSetLastName){
NSLog(@"Successfully set the first name and the last name of the person.");
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed to set the first name and/or last name of the person.");
}
CFErrorRef couldAddPersonError = NULL;
BOOL couldAddPerson = ABAddressBookAddRecord(paramAddressBook, result,&couldAddPersonError);
if (couldAddPerson){
NSLog(@"添加联系人-成功！");
} else {
NSLog(@"添加联系人-失败！");
CFRelease(result);
result = NULL;
return result;
}
// 更新通讯录
if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){
CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;
BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook, &couldSaveAddressBookError);
if (couldSaveAddressBook){
NSLog(@"成功的保存到了通讯录中");
} else {
NSLog(@"保存到通讯录中失败");
}
}
return result;
}
大概步骤：
1.创建通讯录的引用
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();
2.创建联系人
ABRecordRef result = NULL;
result = ABPersonCreate();// 创建一个新的联系人
3.并联系人中添加相关的值
ABRecordSetValue(result, kABPersonLastNameProperty,(CFTypeRef)paramLastName,&setLastNameError);
添加的项，应该也要分单值和多值的情况。现在还没搞清楚多值类型（电话号码，电子邮件）如何添加。如果您知道或者了解，请不吝赐教！谢谢！
4.将联系人加入到通讯录中
CFErrorRef couldAddPersonError = NULL;
BOOL couldAddPerson = ABAddressBookAddRecord(paramAddressBook, result,&couldAddPersonError);
5.保存通讯录
// 更新通讯录
if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){
CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;
BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook, &couldSaveAddressBookError);
}
五、向通讯录中添加分组-ABGroupCreate
贴：
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();// 获得用户通讯录数据的一个引用
if (addressBook != nil){
ABRecordRef personalCoachesGroup =[self newGroupWithName:@"测试分类"
inAddressBook:addressBook];
if (personalCoachesGroup != NULL){
NSLog(@"Successfully created the group.");
CFRelease(personalCoachesGroup);
} else {
NSLog(@"Could not create the group.");
}
CFRelease(addressBook);
}
}
// 添加群组到通讯录中
- (ABRecordRef) newGroupWithName:(NSString *)paramGroupName inAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook{
ABRecordRef result = NULL;
if (paramAddressBook == NULL){
NSLog(@"The address book is nil.");
return NULL;
}
result = ABGroupCreate();// 创建一个分组
if (result == NULL){
NSLog(@"Failed to create a new group.");
return NULL;
}
BOOL couldSetGroupName = NO;
CFErrorRef error = NULL;
// 设置分组
couldSetGroupName = ABRecordSetValue(result, kABGroupNameProperty,(CFTypeRef)paramGroupName,&error);
if (couldSetGroupName){
BOOL couldAddRecord = NO;
CFErrorRef couldAddRecordError = NULL;
couldAddRecord = ABAddressBookAddRecord(paramAddressBook, result,&couldAddRecordError);
if (couldAddRecord){
NSLog(@"Successfully added the new group.");
if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){
BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = NO;
CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;
couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook,&couldSaveAddressBookError);
if (couldSaveAddressBook){
NSLog(@"Successfully saved the address book.");
} else {
CFRelease(result);
result = NULL;
NSLog(@"Failed to save the address book.");
}
} else {
CFRelease(result);
result = NULL;
NSLog(@"No unsaved changes.");
}
} else {
CFRelease(result);
result = NULL;
NSLog(@"Could not add a new group.");
}
} else {
CFRelease(result);
result = NULL;
NSLog(@"Failed to set the name of the group."); }
return result;
}
大概步骤：
1.创建通讯录的引用
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();
2.创建分组
ABRecordRef result = NULL;
result = ABGroupCreate();// 创建一个分组
3.并分组中添加相关的值
// 设置分组
couldSetGroupName = ABRecordSetValue(result, kABGroupNameProperty,(CFTypeRef)paramGroupName,&error);
4.将分组加入到通讯录中
CFErrorRef couldAddRecordError = NULL;
couldAddRecord = ABAddressBookAddRecord(paramAddressBook, result,&couldAddRecordError);
5.保存通讯录
// 更新通讯录
if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){
CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;
BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook, &couldSaveAddressBookError);
}
六、将联系人添加到指定的分组中
有了前面的铺垫，我们就清楚了。不解释了！
贴：
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();
if (addressBook != nil){
// 创建联系人
ABRecordRef richardBranson = [self newPersonWithFirstName:@"Richard"
lastName:@"Branson"
inAddressBook:addressBook];
if (richardBranson != NULL){
// 创建分组
ABRecordRef entrepreneursGroup = [self newGroupWithName:@"Entrepreneurs"
inAddressBook:addressBook];
if (entrepreneursGroup != NULL){
BOOL isSuccess=[self addPerson:richardBranson toGroup:entrepreneursGroup saveToAddressBook:addressBook];
if (isSuccess){
NSLog(@"Successfully");
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed ");
}
CFRelease(entrepreneursGroup);
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed to create the Entrepreneurs group.");
}
CFRelease(richardBranson);
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed to create an entity for Richard Branson."); }
CFRelease(addressBook);
} else {
NSLog(@"Address book is nil.");
}
// 把联系人添加到指定的组中
- (BOOL) addPerson:(ABRecordRef)paramPerson toGroup:(ABRecordRef)paramGroup saveToAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook{
BOOL result = NO;
if (paramPerson == NULL ||paramGroup == NULL || paramAddressBook == NULL){
NSLog(@"Invalid parameters are given.");
return result;
}
CFErrorRef error = NULL;
result = ABGroupAddMember(paramGroup,paramPerson,&error);
if (result == NO){
NSLog(@"Could not add the person to the group.");
return result;
}
if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){
BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = NO;
CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;
couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook, &couldSaveAddressBookError);
if (couldSaveAddressBook){
NSLog(@"Successfully added the person to the group.");
result = YES;
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed to save the address book.");
}
} else {
NSLog(@"No changes were saved.");
}
return result;
}
七、查找联系人和分组
比如我们可能需要查找通讯录的某个分组或者联系人是否存在，可以使用以下方法：
贴：
#pragma mark - 查找通讯录
// 查找通讯录中联系人是否存在指定联系人
- (BOOL) doesPersonExistWithFirstName:(NSString *)paramFirstName lastName:(NSString *)paramLastName inAddressBook:(ABRecordRef)paramAddressBook{
BOOL result = NO;
if (paramAddressBook == NULL){
NSLog(@"The address book is null.");
return NO;
}
NSArray *allPeople = [(NSArray *) ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(paramAddressBook) autorelease];
NSUInteger peopleCounter = 0;
for (peopleCounter = 0; peopleCounter < [allPeople count]; peopleCounter++){
ABRecordRef person = (ABRecordRef)[allPeople objectAtIndex:peopleCounter];
NSString *firstName = [(NSString *) ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonFirstNameProperty) autorelease];
NSString *lastName = [(NSString *) ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonLastNameProperty) autorelease];
BOOL firstNameIsEqual = NO;
BOOL lastNameIsEqual = NO;
if ([firstName length] == 0 && [paramFirstName length] == 0){
firstNameIsEqual = YES;
}else if ([firstName isEqualToString:paramFirstName]){
firstNameIsEqual = YES;
}
if ([lastName length] == 0 &&[paramLastName length] == 0){
lastNameIsEqual = YES;
}else if ([lastName isEqualToString:paramLastName]){
lastNameIsEqual = YES;
}
if (firstNameIsEqual && lastNameIsEqual){
return YES;
}
}
return result;
}
// 查找通讯录中是否存在是某个分组
- (BOOL) doesGroupExistWithGroupName:(NSString *)paramGroupName inAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook{
BOOL result = NO;
if (paramAddressBook == NULL){
NSLog(@"The address book is null.");
return NO;
}
NSArray *allGroups = [( NSArray *) ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllGroups(paramAddressBook) autorelease];
NSUInteger groupCounter = 0;
for (groupCounter = 0; groupCounter < [allGroups count];groupCounter++){
ABRecordRef group = ( ABRecordRef) [allGroups objectAtIndex:groupCounter];
NSString *groupName = [( NSString *) ABRecordCopyValue(group, kABGroupNameProperty) autorelease];
if ([groupName length] == 0 &&[paramGroupName length] == 0){
return YES;
}else if ([groupName isEqualToString:paramGroupName]){
return YES;
}
}
return result;
}
// 根据姓名，模糊查询
- (BOOL) doesPersonExistWithFullName:(NSString *)paramFullName inAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook{
BOOL result = NO;
if (paramAddressBook == NULL){
NSLog(@"Address book is null.");
return NO;
}
NSArray *allPeopleWithThisName = [( NSArray *) ABAddressBookCopyPeopleWithName(paramAddressBook, (CFStringRef)paramFullName) autorelease];
if ([allPeopleWithThisName count] > 0){
result = YES;
}
return result;
}
八、设置和获得联系人图片信息
#pragma mark - 通讯录图片相关
// 获得联系人的头像
- (UIImage *) getPersonImage:(ABRecordRef)paramPerson{ UIImage *result = nil;
if (paramPerson == NULL){
NSLog(@"The person is nil.");
return NULL;
}
NSData *imageData = [( NSData *) ABPersonCopyImageData(paramPerson) autorelease];
if (imageData != nil){
UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:imageData];
result = image;
}
return result;
}
// 设置联系人的头像
- (BOOL) setPersonImage:(ABRecordRef)paramPerson inAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook withImageData:(NSData *)paramImageData{
BOOL result = NO;
if (paramAddressBook == NULL){
NSLog(@"The address book is nil.");
return NO;
}
if (paramPerson == NULL){
NSLog(@"The person is nil.");
return NO;
}
CFErrorRef couldSetPersonImageError = NULL;
BOOL couldSetPersonImage = ABPersonSetImageData(paramPerson,(CFDataRef)paramImageData, &couldSetPersonImageError);
if (couldSetPersonImage){
NSLog(@"Successfully set the person‘s image. Saving...");
if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){
BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = NO;
CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;
couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook, &couldSaveAddressBookError);
if (couldSaveAddressBook){
NSLog(@"Successfully saved the address book.");
result = YES;
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed to save the address book.");
}
} else {
NSLog(@"There are no changes to be saved!"); }
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed to set the person‘s image.");
}
return result;
}
解释：
获得头像信息：ABPersonCopyImageData方法
设置头像信息：ABPersonSetImageData方法
iOS通讯录相关知识-浅析