ini文件是windows中经常使用的配置文件,主要的格式为:
[Section1]
option1 : value1
option2 : value2
python提供了一个简单的模块ConfigParser
可以用来解析类似这种形式的文件。对于ConfigParser
模块可以解析key:value
和key=value
这样的类型,对于#
和;
开头的行将会自动忽视掉。相当于注释行。常用的函数:
ConfigParser.RawConfigParser()
RawConfigParser Object的操作有:
.sections() : 返回所有可用的section
.addsection(sectionname) :添加section
.set(sectionname, optionname, optionvalue): 添加option
.hassection(sectionname) :判断
.options(sectionname) : 返回section下可用的option
.hasoption(sectionname, optionname) : 判断
.read(filename) : 读取文件
.wrie(filename) : 将RawConfigParser对象写到文件中
.get(sectionname, optionname) : 获取值, 默认的是返回string类型
.getfloat, .getint, .getboolean : 获取不同类型的返回值,参数和get的参数一样
.items(sectionname) :列出section下的所有key:value
.remove(sectionname) :删除section
.remove(sectionname, option_name) : 删除section下的某个option
Demo -- 生成文件
$ cat ini_demo.py
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import ConfigParser
def gen_ini():
ftest = open(‘test‘,‘w‘)
config_write = ConfigParser.RawConfigParser()
config_write.add_section(‘Section_a‘)
config_write.add_section(‘Section_b‘)
config_write.add_section(‘Section_c‘)
config_write.set(‘Section_a‘,‘option_a1‘,‘apple_a1‘)
config_write.set(‘Section_a‘,‘option_a2‘,‘banana_a2‘)
config_write.set(‘Section_b‘,‘option_b1‘,‘apple_b1‘)
config_write.set(‘Section_b‘,‘option_b2‘,‘banana_b2‘)
config_write.set(‘Section_c‘,‘option_c1‘,‘apple_c1‘)
config_write.set(‘Section_c‘,‘option_c2‘,‘banana_c2‘)
config_write.write(ftest)
ftest.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
gen_ini()
最后生成的文件为:
$ cat test
[Section_a]
option_a1 = apple_a1
option_a2 = banana_a2
[Section_c]
option_c2 = banana_c2
option_c1 = apple_c1
[Section_b]
option_b1 = apple_b1
option_b2 = banana_b2
Demo -- 读取文件
def read_ini():
config_read = ConfigParser.RawConfigParser()
config_read.read(‘test‘)
print config_read.sections()
print config_read.items(‘Section_a‘)
print config_read.get(‘Section_a‘,‘option_a1‘)
最后的结果为:
[‘Section_a‘, ‘Section_c‘, ‘Section_b‘]
[(‘option_a2‘, ‘banana_a2‘), (‘option_a1‘, ‘apple_a1‘)]
apple_a1
*:first-child {
margin-top: 0 !important;
}
body>*:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}
/* BLOCKS
=============================================================================*/
p, blockquote, ul, ol, dl, table, pre {
margin: 15px 0;
}
/* HEADERS
=============================================================================*/
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
margin: 20px 0 10px;
padding: 0;
font-weight: bold;
-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
h1 tt, h1 code, h2 tt, h2 code, h3 tt, h3 code, h4 tt, h4 code, h5 tt, h5 code, h6 tt, h6 code {
font-size: inherit;
}
h1 {
font-size: 28px;
color: #000;
}
h2 {
font-size: 24px;
border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
color: #000;
}
h3 {
font-size: 18px;
}
h4 {
font-size: 16px;
}
h5 {
font-size: 14px;
}
h6 {
color: #777;
font-size: 14px;
}
body>h2:first-child, body>h1:first-child, body>h1:first-child+h2, body>h3:first-child, body>h4:first-child, body>h5:first-child, body>h6:first-child {
margin-top: 0;
padding-top: 0;
}
a:first-child h1, a:first-child h2, a:first-child h3, a:first-child h4, a:first-child h5, a:first-child h6 {
margin-top: 0;
padding-top: 0;
}
h1+p, h2+p, h3+p, h4+p, h5+p, h6+p {
margin-top: 10px;
}
/* LINKS
=============================================================================*/
a {
color: #4183C4;
text-decoration: none;
}
a:hover {
text-decoration: underline;
}
/* LISTS
=============================================================================*/
ul, ol {
padding-left: 30px;
}
ul li > :first-child,
ol li > :first-child,
ul li ul:first-of-type,
ol li ol:first-of-type,
ul li ol:first-of-type,
ol li ul:first-of-type {
margin-top: 0px;
}
ul ul, ul ol, ol ol, ol ul {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
dl {
padding: 0;
}
dl dt {
font-size: 14px;
font-weight: bold;
font-style: italic;
padding: 0;
margin: 15px 0 5px;
}
dl dt:first-child {
padding: 0;
}
dl dt>:first-child {
margin-top: 0px;
}
dl dt>:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0px;
}
dl dd {
margin: 0 0 15px;
padding: 0 15px;
}
dl dd>:first-child {
margin-top: 0px;
}
dl dd>:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0px;
}
/* CODE
=============================================================================*/
pre, code, tt {
font-size: 12px;
font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace;
}
code, tt {
margin: 0 0px;
padding: 0px 0px;
white-space: nowrap;
border: 1px solid #eaeaea;
background-color: #f8f8f8;
border-radius: 3px;
}
pre>code {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
white-space: pre;
border: none;
background: transparent;
}
pre {
background-color: #f8f8f8;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
font-size: 13px;
line-height: 19px;
overflow: auto;
padding: 6px 10px;
border-radius: 3px;
}
pre code, pre tt {
background-color: transparent;
border: none;
}
kbd {
-moz-border-bottom-colors: none;
-moz-border-left-colors: none;
-moz-border-right-colors: none;
-moz-border-top-colors: none;
background-color: #DDDDDD;
background-image: linear-gradient(#F1F1F1, #DDDDDD);
background-repeat: repeat-x;
border-color: #DDDDDD #CCCCCC #CCCCCC #DDDDDD;
border-image: none;
border-radius: 2px 2px 2px 2px;
border-style: solid;
border-width: 1px;
font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;
line-height: 10px;
padding: 1px 4px;
}
/* QUOTES
=============================================================================*/
blockquote {
border-left: 4px solid #DDD;
padding: 0 15px;
color: #777;
}
blockquote>:first-child {
margin-top: 0px;
}
blockquote>:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0px;
}
/* HORIZONTAL RULES
=============================================================================*/
hr {
clear: both;
margin: 15px 0;
height: 0px;
overflow: hidden;
border: none;
background: transparent;
border-bottom: 4px solid #ddd;
padding: 0;
}
/* TABLES
=============================================================================*/
table th {
font-weight: bold;
}
table th, table td {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
padding: 6px 13px;
}
table tr {
border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
background-color: #fff;
}
table tr:nth-child(2n) {
background-color: #f8f8f8;
}
/* IMAGES
=============================================================================*/
img {
max-width: 100%
}
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