如果您在.net环境下做开发，并且对WPF技术有一定了解及应用，同时也想进入移动App开发领域，推荐使用Xamarin开发移动应用
关于Xamarin不做介绍，网上很多，这里主要涉及的是一些来自微软官网文章的翻译，希望能够帮助有需要的小伙伴，有疑问或文章有错误处，还请及时联系
最终效果
创建Phoneword 应用程序步骤如下：
在新窗口中点击 Cross-Platform，选中Mobile App (Xamarin.Forms) ，指定名称及路径
在 New Cross Platform App对话框中点击Blank App，在Code Sharing Strategy选中.NET Standard
打开MainPage.xaml可看到如下代码
用下述替换上述代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ContentPage xmlns="http://xamarin.com/schemas/2014/forms"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2009/xaml"
x:Class="Phoneword.MainPage">
<ContentPage.Padding>
<OnPlatform x:TypeArguments="Thickness">
<On Platform="iOS" Value="20, 40, 20, 20" />
<On Platform="Android, UWP" Value="20" />
</OnPlatform>
</ContentPage.Padding>
<StackLayout>
<Label Text="Enter a Phoneword:" />
<Entry x:Name="phoneNumberText" Text="1-855-XAMARIN" />
<Button x:Name="translateButon" Text="Translate" Clicked="OnTranslate" />
<Button x:Name="callButton" Text="Call" IsEnabled="false" Clicked="OnCall" />
</StackLayout>
</ContentPage>
保存并关闭文件
在MainPage.xaml.cs文件中用如下代码替换模板代码
using System;
using Xamarin.Forms;
namespace Phoneword
{
public partial class MainPage : ContentPage
{
string translatedNumber;
public MainPage ()
{
InitializeComponent ();
}
void OnTranslate (object sender, EventArgs e)
{
translatedNumber = PhonewordTranslator.ToNumber (phoneNumberText.Text);
if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace (translatedNumber)) {
callButton.IsEnabled = true;
callButton.Text = "Call " + translatedNumber;
} else {
callButton.IsEnabled = false;
callButton.Text = "Call";
}
}
async void OnCall (object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (await this.DisplayAlert (
"Dial a Number",
"Would you like to call " + translatedNumber + "?",
"Yes",
"No")) {
var dialer = DependencyService.Get<IDialer> ();
if (dialer != null)
dialer.Dial (translatedNumber);
}
}
}
}
OnTranslate 和 OnCall方法会在对应按钮点击时执行
解决方案邮件添加-》新项
选择新建类PhoneTranslator
PhoneTranslator.cs代码如下
using System.Text;
namespace Phoneword
{
public static class PhonewordTranslator
{
public static string ToNumber(string raw)
{
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(raw))
return null;
raw = raw.ToUpperInvariant();
var newNumber = new StringBuilder();
foreach (var c in raw)
{
if (" -0123456789".Contains(c))
newNumber.Append(c);
else
{
var result = TranslateToNumber(c);
if (result != null)
newNumber.Append(result);
// Bad character?
else
return null;
}
}
return newNumber.ToString();
}
static bool Contains(this string keyString, char c)
{
return keyString.IndexOf(c) >= 0;
}
static readonly string[] digits = {
"ABC", "DEF", "GHI", "JKL", "MNO", "PQRS", "TUV", "WXYZ"
};
static int? TranslateToNumber(char c)
{
for (int i = 0; i < digits.Length; i++)
{
if (digits[i].Contains(c))
return 2 + i;
}
return null;
}
}
}
新建接口IDialer
IDialer.cs中定义一个Dail方法，该方法必须在每一个平台上实现
namespace Phoneword
{
public interface IDialer
{
bool Dial(string number);
}
}
到这一步，常规代码已经完成，下面会实现指定平台拨号代码作为 DependencyService.
解决方案下右键Phoneword.iOS 项目选择添加新类PhoneDialer.cs,
using Foundation;
using Phoneword.iOS;
using UIKit;
using Xamarin.Forms;
[assembly: Dependency(typeof(PhoneDialer))]
namespace Phoneword.iOS
{
public class PhoneDialer : IDialer
{
public bool Dial(string number)
{
return UIApplication.SharedApplication.OpenUrl (
new NSUrl ("tel:" + number));
}
}
}
在Phoneword.Android项目右键添加PhoneDialer.cs
using Android.Content;
using Android.Telephony;
using Phoneword.Droid;
using System.Linq;
using Xamarin.Forms;
using Uri = Android.Net.Uri;
[assembly: Dependency(typeof(PhoneDialer))]
namespace Phoneword.Droid
{
public class PhoneDialer : IDialer
{
public bool Dial(string number)
{
var context = MainActivity.Instance;
if (context == null)
return false;
var intent = new Intent (Intent.ActionDial);
intent.SetData (Uri.Parse ("tel:" + number));
if (IsIntentAvailable (context, intent)) {
context.StartActivity (intent);
return true;
}
return false;
}
public static bool IsIntentAvailable(Context context, Intent intent)
{
var packageManager = context.PackageManager;
var list = packageManager.QueryIntentServices (intent, 0)
.Union (packageManager.QueryIntentActivities (intent, 0));
if (list.Any ())
return true;
var manager = TelephonyManager.FromContext (context);
return manager.PhoneType != PhoneType.None;
}
}
}
在Phoneword.Android项目双击MainActivity.cs，并用一下代码替换
using Android.App;
using Android.Content.PM;
using Android.OS;
namespace Phoneword.Droid
{
[Activity(Label = "Phoneword", Icon = "@mipmap/icon", Theme = "@style/MainTheme", MainLauncher = true,
ConfigurationChanges = ConfigChanges.ScreenSize | ConfigChanges.Orientation)]
public class MainActivity : global::Xamarin.Forms.Platform.Android.FormsAppCompatActivity
{
internal static MainActivity Instance { get; private set; }
protected override void OnCreate(Bundle bundle)
{
TabLayoutResource = Resource.Layout.Tabbar;
ToolbarResource = Resource.Layout.Toolbar;
base.OnCreate(bundle);
Instance = this;
global::Xamarin.Forms.Forms.Init(this, bundle);
LoadApplication(new App());
}
}
}
右键Phoneword.Android双击Properties，选中Android Manifest选项卡
在Required permissions部分使能CALL_PHONE权限
在Phoneword.UWP右键新建类PhoneDialer.cs,
using Phoneword.UWP;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Windows.ApplicationModel.Calls;
using Windows.UI.Popups;
using Xamarin.Forms;
[assembly: Dependency(typeof(PhoneDialer))]
namespace Phoneword.UWP
{
public class PhoneDialer : IDialer
{
bool dialled = false;
public bool Dial(string number)
{
DialNumber(number);
return dialled;
}
async Task DialNumber(string number)
{
var phoneLine = await GetDefaultPhoneLineAsync();
if (phoneLine != null)
{
phoneLine.Dial(number, number);
dialled = true;
}
else
{
var dialog = new MessageDialog("No line found to place the call");
await dialog.ShowAsync();
dialled = false;
}
}
async Task<PhoneLine> GetDefaultPhoneLineAsync()
{
var phoneCallStore = await PhoneCallManager.RequestStoreAsync();
var lineId = await phoneCallStore.GetDefaultLineAsync();
return await PhoneLine.FromIdAsync(lineId);
}
}
}
Phoneword.UWP项目右键References，添加References
对话框中选中Universal Windows > Extensions > Windows Mobile Extensions for UWP
在Phoneword.UWP下双击Package.appxmanifest
在 Capabilities 页下使能 Phone Call 能力
以上完成后：Build > Build Solution
右键 Phoneword.UWP选中Set as StartUp Project:作为启动项目
然后运行项目
上面是对Xamarin开发应用程序的基本了解，下节深入剖析该程序
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/lonelyxmas/p/9828382.html
时间： 2024-10-13 10:04:19