python学习笔记-day8-3-【python 网络请求及requests模块】

python的网络请求，主要是进行Http协议类接口调用，进行接口测试等。

一、urllib库，python内嵌的库，不太好用。

from urllib import request,parse
import json

# url = ‘http://baidu.com‘
# req = request.urlopen(url) #打开一个url
# content = req.read().decode()
# fw = open(‘nnzhp.html‘, ‘w‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘)
# fw.write(content)
# #网络爬虫，从其他的网站上，获取一些有用的内容

#get请求
# url = ‘http://www.baidu.com/‘
# req = request.urlopen(url)
# content = req.read().decode() #获取返回结果
# res_dic = json.loads(content) #返回的结果转为字典
# if res_dic.get(‘error_code‘) == 0:
#     print(‘测试通过.‘)
# else:
#     print(‘测试失败‘,res_dic)

#post请求
url = ‘http://xxxxxx/api/user/login‘
data = {
    ‘usernmae‘:‘admin‘,
    ‘passwd‘: ‘aA123456‘
}#请求数据
data = parse.urlencode(data)
# print(parse.urlencode(data))#urlencode，自动给你拼好参数
req = request.urlopen(url, data.encode()) #发送Post请求
print(req.read().decode())

二、requests模块，好用的模块

import requests
import random

#1、发get请求
# url = ‘http://xxxxxx/api/user/stu_info‘
# data = {‘stu_name‘:‘xxxx‘} #请求数据
# req = requests.get(url, params=data)
# print(req.json())
# print(req.text)
# print(type(req.json())) #dict
# print(type(req.text)) #str

#返回的都是什么
#返回的类型是什么
#中文的好使吗

#2、发post请求
url = ‘http://xxxxxxx/api/user/login‘
data = {‘username‘:‘xxxxx‘,‘passwd‘: ‘xxxxx‘}#请求数据
req = requests.post(url, data)
print(req.json())

#3、入参是json类型的
# url = ‘http://xxxxxx/api/user/add_stu‘
# phone = random.randint(10000000000,99999999999)
# data =  {
#     "name":"xxxx",
#     "grade":"天蝎座",
#     "phone":phone,
#     "sex":"女",
#     "age":28,
#     "addr":"河南省济源市北海大道32号"
#   }
# req = requests.post(url, json=data)
# print(req.json())

#4、入参是json类型的
# url = ‘http://xxxxxxx/api/user/gold_add‘
# data = {‘stu_id‘:468,‘gold‘:120000}
# req = requests.post(url, data, cookies={‘niuhanyang‘:‘337ca4cc825302b3a8791ac7f9dc4bc6‘})
# print(req.json())

#5、添加header
# url = ‘http://xxxxxxx/api/user/all_stu‘
# header = {‘Referer‘: ‘http://api/xxxxxxx/‘}
# req = requests.get(url, headers=header)
# print(req.json())
#{‘error_code‘: 4, ‘msg‘: ‘请求来路不正确‘}

#6、上传文件
# url = ‘http://xxxxxxxx/api/file/file_upload‘
# # data = {‘file‘:open(‘笔记-day08.txt‘,encoding=‘utf-8‘)}   #上传文件
# data = {‘file‘:open(‘12222.jpg‘, ‘rb‘)}   #上传图片
# req = requests.post(url, files=data)
# print(req.json())

#7、下载图片
#http://xxxxx/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/soup.jpg
# url = ‘http://wwwxxxxx/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/soup.jpg‘
# req = requests.get(url)
# print(req.content)#返回的二进制的东西
#
# fw = open(‘s.jpg‘, ‘wb‘)
# fw.write(req.content)

# url = ‘http://wwwxxxxxx/‘
# req = requests.get(url)
# print(req.content)#返回的二进制的东西
#
# fw = open(‘pymysql.html‘, ‘wb‘)
# fw.write(req.content)

#http://up.mcyt.net/?down/46779.mp3
url = ‘http://up.mcyt.net/?down/46779.mp3‘
req = requests.get(url)
print(req.content)#返回的二进制的东西
fw = open(‘aaaa,.mp3‘, ‘wb‘)
fw.write(req.content)

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/shmily2018/p/9056142.html