我们这里使用pyecharts模块进行绘图。

pyecharts 项目包含了一系列的地理地图数据，这些数据或者已经内置，或者需要额外安装和加载，我们需要下载下面六个包。

选择自己需要的安装
pip install echarts-countries-pypkg
pip install echarts-china-provinces-pypkg
pip install echarts-china-cities-pypkg
pip install echarts-china-counties-pypkg
pip install echarts-china-misc-pypkg
pip install echarts-united-kingdom-pypkg

pyecharts中Geo表达和城市关联的数据,Map表达和国家和省份关联的数据。

世界地图

from pyecharts import Map, Geo

# 世界地图数据
value = [95.1, 23.2, 43.3, 66.4, 88.5]
attr= ["China", "Canada", "Brazil", "Russia", "United States"]

map0 = Map("世界地图示例", width=1200, height=600)
map0.add("世界地图", attr, value, maptype="world",  is_visualmap=True, visual_text_color=‘#000‘)
map0.render(path="世界地图.html")

中国地图

from pyecharts import Map, Geo

# 中国地图
province_distribution = {‘河南‘: 45.23, ‘北京‘: 37.56, ‘河北‘: 21, ‘辽宁‘: 12, ‘江西‘: 6, ‘上海‘: 20, ‘安徽‘: 10, ‘江苏‘: 16, ‘湖南‘: 9,
                         ‘浙江‘: 13, ‘海南‘: 2, ‘广东‘: 22, ‘湖北‘: 8, ‘黑龙江‘: 11, ‘澳门‘: 1, ‘陕西‘: 11, ‘四川‘: 7, ‘内蒙古‘: 3, ‘重庆‘: 3,
                         ‘云南‘: 6, ‘贵州‘: 2, ‘吉林‘: 3, ‘山西‘: 12, ‘山东‘: 11, ‘福建‘: 4, ‘青海‘: 1, ‘舵主科技，质量保证‘: 1, ‘天津‘: 1,
                         ‘其他‘: 1}
provice = list(province_distribution.keys())
values = list(province_distribution.values())
map = Map("中国地图",‘中国地图‘, width=1200, height=600)
map.add("", provice, values, visual_range=[0, 50],  maptype=‘china‘, is_visualmap=True,
visual_text_color=‘#000‘)
map.show_config()
map.render(path="中国地图.html")

省份地图

from pyecharts import Map, Geo

# 城市 -- 指定省的城市 xx市
city = [‘郑州市‘, ‘安阳市‘, ‘洛阳市‘, ‘濮阳市‘, ‘南阳市‘, ‘开封市‘, ‘商丘市‘, ‘信阳市‘, ‘新乡市‘]
values2 = [1.07, 3.85, 6.38, 8.21, 2.53, 4.37, 9.38, 4.29, 6.1]

map2 = Map("河南地图",‘河南‘, width=1200, height=600)
map2.add(‘河南‘, city, values2, visual_range=[1, 10], maptype=‘河南‘, is_visualmap=True, visual_text_color=‘#000‘)
map2.show_config()
map2.render(path="河南地图.html")

市区地图

from pyecharts import Map, Geo

# 区县 -- 具体城市内的区县  xx县
quxian = [‘夏邑县‘, ‘民权县‘, ‘梁园区‘, ‘睢阳区‘, ‘柘城县‘, ‘宁陵县‘]
values3 = [3, 5, 7, 8, 2, 4]

map3 = Map("商丘地图",‘商丘‘, width=1200, height=600)
map3.add("商丘", quxian, values3, visual_range=[1, 10], maptype=‘商丘‘, is_visualmap=True,
visual_text_color=‘#000‘)
map3.render(path="商丘地图.html")

热力图

from pyecharts import Map, Geo

data = [
    ("海门", 9), ("鄂尔多斯", 12), ("招远", 12), ("舟山", 12), ("齐齐哈尔", 14), ("盐城", 15),
    ("赤峰", 16), ("青岛", 18), ("乳山", 18), ("金昌", 19), ("泉州", 21), ("莱西", 21),
    ("日照", 21), ("胶南", 22), ("南通", 23), ("拉萨", 24), ("云浮", 24), ("梅州", 25)]

attr, value = Geo.cast(data)

geo = Geo("全国主要城市空气质量热力图", "data from pm2.5", title_color="#fff", title_pos="center", width=1200, height=600,
          background_color=‘#404a59‘)

geo.add("空气质量热力图", attr, value, visual_range=[0, 25], type=‘heatmap‘, visual_text_color="#fff", symbol_size=15,
        is_visualmap=True, is_roam=False)
geo.show_config()
geo.render(path="空气质量热力图.html")

from pyecharts import Map, Geo

indexs = [‘上海‘, ‘北京‘, ‘合肥‘, ‘哈尔滨‘, ‘广州‘, ‘成都‘, ‘无锡‘, ‘杭州‘, ‘武汉‘, ‘深圳‘, ‘西安‘, ‘郑州‘, ‘重庆‘, ‘长沙‘]
values = [4.07, 1.85, 4.38, 2.21, 3.53, 4.37, 1.38, 4.29, 4.1, 1.31, 3.92, 4.47, 2.40, 3.60]
geo = Geo("全国主要城市空气质量评分", "data from pm2.5", title_color="#fff", title_pos="center", width=1200, height=600,
          background_color=‘#404a59‘)

# type="effectScatter", is_random=True, effect_scale=5  使点具有发散性
geo.add("空气质量评分", indexs, values, type="effectScatter", is_random=True, effect_scale=5, visual_range=[0, 5],
        visual_text_color="#fff", symbol_size=15, is_visualmap=True, is_roam=False)
geo.show_config()
geo.render(path="空气质量评分.html")

from pyecharts import Map, Geo

data = [
    ("海门", 9), ("鄂尔多斯", 12), ("招远", 12), ("舟山", 12), ("齐齐哈尔", 14), ("盐城", 15),
    ("赤峰", 16), ("青岛", 18), ("乳山", 18), ("金昌", 19), ("泉州", 21), ("莱西", 21),
    ("日照", 21), ("胶南", 22), ("南通", 23), ("拉萨", 24), ("云浮", 24), ("梅州", 25)]

attr, value = Geo.cast(data)

geo = Geo("全国主要城市空气质量热力图", "data from pm2.5", title_color="#fff", title_pos="center", width=1200, height=600,
          background_color=‘#404a59‘)

geo.add("空气质量热力图", attr, value, visual_range=[0, 25], type=‘scatter‘, visual_text_color="#fff", symbol_size=15,
        is_visualmap=True, is_roam=False)
geo.show_config()
geo.render(path="质量热力图.html")

示例：获取冠状病毒感染数据并可视化

import urllib
import urllib.request
import json
import os
import prettytable as pt
from pyecharts import Map, Geo

class Searchdata(object):
    def __init__(self,url):
        self.url = url
        self.china_list = {}
        self.china_data = {}
        self.province_list = {}
        self.province_data = {}
    def get_data(self):
        try:
            data = urllib.request.urlopen(self.url)
            data = json.loads(data.read())
            self.save(data)
            return data
        except:
            print("请求数据出错！")

    def is_exist(self):
        for i in os.listdir(os.getcwd()):
            if i == "data.txt":
                return 1
        return 0

    def save(self,data):
        if self.is_exist() == 0:
            with open("data.txt",‘w‘) as fp:
                fp.write(str(data))

    def get_china(self,data):
        data = data[‘data‘]
        self.china_data[‘total‘] = data[‘gntotal‘]
        self.china_data[‘deathNum‘] = data[‘deathtotal‘]
        self.china_data[‘susNum‘] = data[‘sustotal‘]
        self.china_data[‘cureNum‘] = data[‘curetotal‘]
        for i in data[‘list‘]:
            dic ={}
            dic[‘total‘] = i[‘value‘]
            dic[‘deathNum‘] = i[‘deathNum‘]
            dic[‘susNum‘] = i[‘susNum‘]
            dic[‘cureNum‘] = i[‘cureNum‘]
            self.china_list[i[‘name‘]] = dic

    def get_province(self,data):
        data = data[‘data‘]
        for i in data[‘list‘]:
            if i[‘name‘] == ‘湖北‘:
                self.province_data[‘total‘] =  i[‘value‘]
                self.province_data[‘deathNum‘] =  i[‘deathNum‘]
                self.province_data[‘susNum‘] =  i[‘susNum‘]
                self.province_data[‘cureNum‘] =  i[‘cureNum‘]
                for temp in i[‘city‘]:
                    dic = {}
                    dic[‘total‘] = temp[‘conNum‘]
                    dic[‘deathNum‘] = temp[‘deathNum‘]
                    dic[‘susNum‘] = temp[‘susNum‘]
                    dic[‘cureNum‘] = temp[‘cureNum‘]
                    self.province_list[temp[‘name‘]] = dic
                return
    def get_sheet1(self):
        self.tb = pt.PrettyTable()
        self.tb.field_names = ["省份", "总数", "死亡", "疑似", "治愈"]
        for k, v in self.china_list.items():
            self.tb.add_row([k, v[‘total‘], v[‘deathNum‘], v[‘susNum‘],v[‘cureNum‘]])
        self.tb.add_row([‘合计‘, self.china_data[‘total‘],self.china_data[‘deathNum‘], self.china_data[‘susNum‘], self.china_data[‘cureNum‘]])
        print(self.tb)

    def get_sheet2(self):
        self.tb = pt.PrettyTable()
        self.tb.field_names = ["地级市", "总数", "死亡", "疑似", "治愈"]
        for k, v in self.province_list.items():
            self.tb.add_row([k, v[‘total‘], v[‘deathNum‘], v[‘susNum‘], v[‘cureNum‘]])
        self.tb.add_row([‘合计‘, self.province_data[‘total‘], self.province_data[‘deathNum‘],
                         self.province_data[‘susNum‘], self.province_data[‘cureNum‘]])
        print(self.tb)

    def get_graph1(self):
        provice = list(self.china_list.keys())
        values = []
        for k, v in self.china_list.items():
            values.append(v[‘total‘])
        # 中国地图
        map = Map("中国地图", ‘中国地图‘, width=1200, height=600)
        map.add("", provice, values, visual_range=[0, 20000], maptype=‘china‘, is_visualmap=True,
                visual_text_color=‘#000‘)
        map.show_config()
        map.render(path="地图.html")

    def get_graph2(self):
        city =  list(self.province_list.keys())

        new_city = []
        for str in city:
            if len(str) == 2:
                str = str+"市"
                new_city.append(str)
            elif len(str) == 3:
                str = "恩施土家族苗族自治州"
                new_city.append(str)
            else:
                new_city.append(str)
        values = []
        for k, v in self.province_list.items():
            values.append(v[‘total‘])
        map2 = Map("湖北地图", ‘湖北‘, width=1200, height=600)
        map2.add(‘‘, new_city, values, visual_range=[0,10000], maptype=‘湖北‘, is_visualmap=True, visual_text_color=‘#000‘)
        map2.show_config()
        map2.render(path="湖北地图.html")

Searchtool =Searchdata(‘http://43.250.238.179:9090/showData‘)

data = Searchtool.get_data()
Searchtool.get_province(data)
Searchtool.get_sheet2()
Searchtool.get_graph2()