Linux服务器软件安装备忘

1.Centos安装Mysql

 1 --安装
 2 yum install mysql-server   卸载 yum -e mysql-server
 3 --设置为开机启动
 4 chkconfig mysqld on
 5 --启动mysql
 6 service mysqld start
 7 --设置root密码
 8 mysqladmin -u root password ‘xxx‘
 9 #双机热备
10 GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO ‘backup‘@‘192.168.1.33‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘backup_xxx‘;
11 #一般账号
12 --GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘username‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘password‘;
13 flush privileges;
14 乱码：
15 [mysqld]
16 #add
17 default-character-set = utf8
18 character-set-server = utf8
19 collation-server = utf8_general_ci
20 init_connect = ‘SET collation_connection = utf_general_ci‘
21 init_connect = ‘SET NAMES utf8‘
22 [mysqld_safe]

2.安装Redis

wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-2.8.7.tar.gz  or  http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-2.6.17.tar.gz
tar -zvxf xxx
configure
make && make install  

3.启动memcached

memcached -d -m 100 -u root -p 11211 -P /tmp/memcached.pid

4.防火墙：

 1 Iptables:
 2 启动iptables
 3 service iptables start
 4 iptables --list //*查看iptables规则集*//
 5 下面是没有定义规划时iptables的样子:
 6 Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
 7 target     prot opt source               destination
 8 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
 9 target     prot opt source               destination
10 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
11 target     prot opt source               destination
12 如何开启/关闭指定端口
13 例如:
14 开启81端口：
15 iptables -I INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 81 -j ACCEPT
16 iptables  -I OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --sport 81 -j ACCEPT
17 关闭81端口：
18 iptables -I INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 81 -j DROP
19 iptables -I OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --sport 81 -j DROP
20 然后保存
21 /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save
22 你可以使用lsof命令来查看某一端口是否开放.查看端口可以这样来使用.
23 我就以81端口为例：
24 lsof -i:81
25 如果有显示说明已经开放了.如果没有显示说明没有开放

5.环境变量

1 Tomcat JVM配置--catalina.bat/catalina.sh
2 windows
3 set JAVA_OPTS = -Xmx512m -Xms512m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m
4 linux
5 JAVA_OPTS ="-server -Xmx400m -Xms400m -Xmn128m -XX:MaxPermSize=128m -XX:PermSize=128m"

6.项目直接访问

1 【Tomcat直接访问项目--去掉访问路径上的项目名称】
2 修改Tomcat_Home/conf/server.xml
3 <Host> 下添加  <Context path="" docBase="项目路径" reloadable="true" />
4 path为访问路径，与request.getContextPath()返回值一样。

7.Nginx配置：

安装 pcre-devel openssl-devel

 1 http{
 2  #...
 3  gzip on;
 4  gzip_min_length 1k;
 5  gzip_buffers 16 64k;
 6  gzip_http_version 1.1;
 7  gzip_comp_level 4;
 8  gzip_types text/plain text/css application/xml image/png; #...
 9  gzip_vary on;
10  sendfile   on;
11  client_max_body_size 1024m;#附件上传
12     upstream e_learning{
13         server 192.168.1.30:8080;
14         server 192.168.1.31:8080;
15         ip_hash;
16     }
17     server{
18         listen      80;
19         server_name 192.168.1.34;
20         index       index.jsp;
21         location / {
22             index   index.jsp;
23             proxy_pass  http://e_learning;
24             proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
25             proxy_set_header    X-Real_IP   $remote_addr;
26             proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
27         }
28         location ^~ /upload/ {
29             expires 10d;
30             root    /var/e_learning;
31         }
32         location ^~ /vod {
33             proxy_pass http://192.168.1.36:1935/vod/;
34             proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
35             proxy_set_header    X-Real_IP   $remote_addr;
36             proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
37         }
38         location ~*\.(gif|jpg|png|js|css)$ {
39             expires 10d;
40             proxy_pass  http://e_learning;
41             proxy_set_header    Host    $host;
42             proxy_set_header    X-Real_IP   $remote_addr;
43             proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
44         }
45     }
46 }