- AOP的概念
AOP为Aspect Oriented Programming的缩写,意为:面向切面编程(也叫面向方面)。这就让一些问题很简单化了,例如:开始我们实现了一些逻辑并上线了,现在客户又来了一个新的需求。要在每次交易之前统计下,或者记录下他们的交易简单资料。而你发现你其他模块可能正好有这部分的功能。那AOP就可以用得上了,使用AOP就可以在不修改源代码的情况下新增这些功能。就是在交易前这个切面,新装你的一些功能。这有点像拦截器和Filter。其实都是一个原理。前面说了解析xml和Bean的实例化。
而AOP的实现的话都是在我前面两篇spring3.0源码分析的基础上实现。其实AOP算是对自己本身IOC的实例,你学好弄懂AOP。基本IOC的也是懂了。但是这里的AOP也用到了一些新的东西,像Aspect,还有JVM的反射和动态代理。还有CGLIB这里也是有用到的。但是默认的实现是用JVM的动态代理。
- AOP的实例
AOP用起来还是很简单的。就把xml配置好就算完工了。有Advisor和aspect两种方式来完成。如果是用Advisor的话需要实现AfterReturningAdvice,MethodBeforeAdvice,ThrowsAdvice等接口。而如果用aspect的话则不用继承或者实现其他的类,一个普通的类即可。
Java代码
- public class LogAop {
- private final static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(LogAop.class);
- public void addLog(){
- log.info("add log ========================");
- }
- }
Java代码
- public class BeforeAdvisor implements MethodBeforeAdvice {
- private final static Log log =LogFactory.getLog(BeforeAdvisor.class);
- private int testSEL;
- @Override
- public void before(Method method, Object[] args, Object target)
- throws Throwable {
- log.info("in before advice and method="+method.getName()+ " args "+args.length);
- }
- ..........
Java代码
- public class AfterAdvisor implements AfterReturningAdvice {
- private final static Log log =LogFactory.getLog(AfterAdvisor.class);
- ........
- @Override
- public void afterReturning(Object returnValue, Method method,
- Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- log.info("test sel the testSEL "+testSEL);
- log.info("after return advice");
- }
- }
而配置文件如下:
Java代码
- <bean id="LogAop" class="com.zzx.study.aop.LogAop" />
- <bean id="beforeAdvisor" class="com.zzx.study.aop.BeforeAdvisor" >
- <property name="testSEL" value="11"/>
- </bean>
- <bean id="beforeAdvisor2" class="com.zzx.study.aop.BeforeAdvisor2" >
- <property name="testSEL" value="23"/>
- </bean>
- <bean id="afterAdvisor" class="com.zzx.study.aop.AfterAdvisor" >
- <property name="testSEL" value="11"/>
- </bean>
- <aop:config>
- <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.zzx.study.di.BankSecurityDaoImpl.add(..))" id="target" />
- <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.zzx.study.di.Ban*.ad*(..))" id="nonePointCutTest" />
- <aop:advisor id="bid" pointcut-ref="target" advice-ref="beforeAdvisor" />
- <aop:advisor id="noAdvisor" pointcut-ref="nonePointCutTest" advice-ref="beforeAdvisor2" />
- <aop:advisor id="aid" pointcut-ref="target" advice-ref="afterAdvisor" />
- <aop:aspect ref="LogAop" >
- <aop:after method="addLog" pointcut-ref="target"/>
- </aop:aspect>
- </aop:config>
向上面实现后则如果执行BankSecurityDaoImpl的add方法前就会执行BeforeAdvisor的before方法,然后执行add方法,最后是LogAop的addLog方法,AfterAdvisor的afterReturning方法。这里还可以让Advisor实现Order定义这些执行的前后。
Java代码
- public class BeforeAdvisor implements MethodBeforeAdvice,Ordered {
- ............
- @Override
- public int getOrder() {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- return 2;
- }
- }
这里的有一个getOrder方法,返回int值,越小则越先执行。
- AOP在spring中的实现
在解析xml的时候说过,如果发现不是bean标签,则会是不同的类来解析。解析aop的为http\://www.springframework.org/schema/aop=org.springframework.aop.config.AopNamespaceHandler。也就是AopNamespaceHandler类。进去到AopNamespaceHandler类中parse方法,实际是调用其父类的NamespaceHandlerSupport的parse方法。
Java代码
- private BeanDefinitionParser findParserForElement(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
- String localName = parserContext.getDelegate().getLocalName(element);
- BeanDefinitionParser parser = this.parsers.get(localName);
- if (parser == null) {
- parserContext.getReaderContext().fatal(
- "Cannot locate BeanDefinitionParser for element [" + localName + "]", element);
- }
- return parser;
- }
这里的parses是在解析xml的时候初始化。
Java代码
- public void init() {
- // In 2.0 XSD as well as in 2.1 XSD.
- registerBeanDefinitionParser("config", new ConfigBeanDefinitionParser());
- registerBeanDefinitionParser("aspectj-autoproxy", new AspectJAutoProxyBeanDefinitionParser());
- registerBeanDefinitionDecorator("scoped-proxy", new ScopedProxyBeanDefinitionDecorator());
- // Only in 2.0 XSD: moved to context namespace as of 2.1
- registerBeanDefinitionParser("spring-configured", new SpringConfiguredBeanDefinitionParser());
- }
如果是config标签,则是用ConfigBeanDefinitionParser类了,如果是aspectj-autoproxy标签则是用AspectJAutoProxyBeanDefinitionParser类来解析了。其实这两个的解析最终都是向DefaultListableBeanFactory中注册class为AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator的BeanDefinition。而AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator是有实现BeanPostProcessor、BeanFactoryAware接口的。而实例化一个bean的时候会经过这些BeanPostProcessor的处理。也就是这些BeanPostProcessor最终实现了把目标对象代理掉,而用代理前后spring就会调用到配置的这些Advisor来处理一些业务逻辑了。其中的BeanFactoryAware接口是把BeanFactory注入到AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator这个类中,而最终执行方法前通过这里注入的BeanFactory得到这些Advisor类并调用。
这里讲使用java动态代理的实现。在JdkDynamicAopProxy类中。使用到了责任链的模式,会先得到一个Advisor的list,然后在list中用链的方式执行下去。如果chain不是空的则会到ReflectiveMethodInvocation类中执行processed方法。
Java代码
- public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
- MethodInvocation invocation;
- Object oldProxy = null;
- boolean setProxyContext = false;
- TargetSource targetSource = this.advised.targetSource;
- Class targetClass = null;
- Object target = null;
- try {
- if (!this.equalsDefined && AopUtils.isEqualsMethod(method)) {
- // The target does not implement the equals(Object) method itself.
- return equals(args[0]);
- }
- if (!this.hashCodeDefined && AopUtils.isHashCodeMethod(method)) {
- // The target does not implement the hashCode() method itself.
- return hashCode();
- }
- if (!this.advised.opaque && method.getDeclaringClass().isInterface() &&
- method.getDeclaringClass().isAssignableFrom(Advised.class)) {
- // Service invocations on ProxyConfig with the proxy config...
- return AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(this.advised, method, args);
- }
- Object retVal;
- if (this.advised.exposeProxy) {
- // Make invocation available if necessary.
- oldProxy = AopContext.setCurrentProxy(proxy);
- setProxyContext = true;
- }
- // May be null. Get as late as possible to minimize the time we "own" the target,
- // in case it comes from a pool.
- target = targetSource.getTarget();
- if (target != null) {
- targetClass = target.getClass();
- }
- // Get the interception chain for this method.
- List<Object> chain = this.advised.getInterceptorsAndDynamicInterceptionAdvice(method, targetClass);
- // Check whether we have any advice. If we don‘t, we can fallback on direct
- // reflective invocation of the target, and avoid creating a MethodInvocation.
- if (chain.isEmpty()) {
- // We can skip creating a MethodInvocation: just invoke the target directly
- // Note that the final invoker must be an InvokerInterceptor so we know it does
- // nothing but a reflective operation on the target, and no hot swapping or fancy proxying.
- retVal = AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(target, method, args);
- }
- else {
- // We need to create a method invocation...
- invocation = new ReflectiveMethodInvocation(proxy, target, method, args, targetClass, chain);
- // Proceed to the joinpoint through the interceptor chain.
- retVal = invocation.proceed();
- }
- // Massage return value if necessary.
- if (retVal != null && retVal == target && method.getReturnType().isInstance(proxy) &&
- !RawTargetAccess.class.isAssignableFrom(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
- // Special case: it returned "this" and the return type of the method
- // is type-compatible. Note that we can‘t help if the target sets
- // a reference to itself in another returned object.
- retVal = proxy;
- }
- return retVal;
- }
- finally {
- if (target != null && !targetSource.isStatic()) {
- // Must have come from TargetSource.
- targetSource.releaseTarget(target);
- }
- if (setProxyContext) {
- // Restore old proxy.
- AopContext.setCurrentProxy(oldProxy);
- }
- }
- }
Java代码
- public Object proceed() throws Throwable {
- // We start with an index of -1 and increment early.
- if (this.currentInterceptorIndex == this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.size() - 1) {
- return invokeJoinpoint();
- }
- Object interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice =
- this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.get(++this.currentInterceptorIndex);
- if (interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice instanceof InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher) {
- // Evaluate dynamic method matcher here: static part will already have
- // been evaluated and found to match.
- InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher dm =
- (InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice;
- if (dm.methodMatcher.matches(this.method, this.targetClass, this.arguments)) {
- return dm.interceptor.invoke(this);
- }
- else {
- // Dynamic matching failed.
- // Skip this interceptor and invoke the next in the chain.
- return proceed();
- }
- }
- else {
- // It‘s an interceptor, so we just invoke it: The pointcut will have
- // been evaluated statically before this object was constructed.
- return ((MethodInterceptor) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice).invoke(this);
- }
- }
这里的interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice都是MethodInterceptor类型。因为解析xml的时候,会把<aop:advisor>最终生成class为DefaultBeanFactoryPointcutAdvisor类的BeanDefinition类,而<aop:aspect>会生成class为AspectJPointcutAdvisor的BeanDefinition。又通过DefaultAdvisorAdapterRegistry类把Advisor转换为MethodInterceptor类。
Java代码
- public class DefaultAdvisorAdapterRegistry implements AdvisorAdapterRegistry, Serializable {
- ...........................
- public MethodInterceptor[] getInterceptors(Advisor advisor) throws UnknownAdviceTypeException {
- List<MethodInterceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<MethodInterceptor>(3);
- Advice advice = advisor.getAdvice();
- if (advice instanceof MethodInterceptor) {
- interceptors.add((MethodInterceptor) advice);
- }
- for (AdvisorAdapter adapter : this.adapters) {
- if (adapter.supportsAdvice(advice)) {
- interceptors.add(adapter.getInterceptor(advisor));
- }
- }
- if (interceptors.isEmpty()) {
- throw new UnknownAdviceTypeException(advisor.getAdvice());
- }
- return interceptors.toArray(new MethodInterceptor[interceptors.size()]);
- }
- public void registerAdvisorAdapter(AdvisorAdapter adapter) {
- this.adapters.add(adapter);
- }
- }
像beforeAdvisor则转换为MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor这样的拦截器了。在这个拦截器中的invoke方法中会发现会先调用自己advice的before方法,也就是你自己实现的业务类。接着又会调用processed,也就是连接链的方式,一直调用下去,知道chain中所有都执行完成。
Java代码
- public class MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor implements MethodInterceptor, Serializable {
- private MethodBeforeAdvice advice;
- /**
- * Create a new MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor for the given advice.
- * @param advice the MethodBeforeAdvice to wrap
- */
- public MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor(MethodBeforeAdvice advice) {
- Assert.notNull(advice, "Advice must not be null");
- this.advice = advice;
- }
- public Object invoke(MethodInvocation mi) throws Throwable {
- this.advice.before(mi.getMethod(), mi.getArguments(), mi.getThis() );
- return mi.proceed();
- }
- }
这里的advice