一、前言
简单工厂是一个负责生产对象的中间类，例如有加减乘除四个运算方法，它们继承父类，并重写父类的方法，简单工厂根据不同的运算符创建不同的实例对象赋值给父类，实现了面向对象的另一个原则——降低对象之间的耦合度。简单工厂模式解决了客户端直接依赖于具体对象的问题，客户端可以消除直接创建对象的责任，而仅仅是消费产品。简单工厂模式实现了对责任的分割。
简单工厂模式的缺点：
- 工厂类集中了所有产品创建逻辑，一旦不能正常工作，整个系统都会受到影响
- 系统扩展困难，一旦添加新产品就不得不修改工厂逻辑，这样就会造成工厂逻辑过于复杂。
了解了简单工厂模式之后的优缺点之后，我们之后就可以知道简单工厂的应用场景了：
- 当工厂类负责创建的对象比较少时可以考虑使用简单工厂模式
- 客户如果只知道传入工厂类的参数，对于如何创建对象的逻辑不关心时可以考虑使用简单工厂模式
二、简单工厂结构图
三、实例代码
1.1运算类
/// <summary>
/// 运算类
/// </summary>
public class Operation
{
private double _numberA = 0;
private double _numberB = 0;
/// <summary>
/// 数字A
/// </summary>
public double NumberA
{
get
{
return _numberA;
}
set
{
_numberA = value;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 数字B
/// </summary>
public double NumberB
{
get
{
return _numberB;
}
set
{
_numberB = value;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 得到运算结果
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public virtual double GetResult()
{
double result = 0;
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// 检查输入的字符串是否准确
/// </summary>
/// <param name="currentNumber"></param>
/// <param name="inputString"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string checkNumberInput(string currentNumber, string inputString)
{
string result = "";
if (inputString == ".")
{
if (currentNumber.IndexOf(".") < 0)
{
if (currentNumber.Length == 0)
result = "0" + inputString;
else
result = currentNumber + inputString;
}
}
else if (currentNumber == "0")
{
result = inputString;
}
else
{
result = currentNumber + inputString;
}
return result;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 加法类
/// </summary>
class OperationAdd : Operation
{
public override double GetResult()
{
double result = 0;
result = NumberA + NumberB;
return result;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 减法类
/// </summary>
class OperationSub : Operation
{
public override double GetResult()
{
double result = 0;
result = NumberA - NumberB;
return result;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 乘法类
/// </summary>
class OperationMul : Operation
{
public override double GetResult()
{
double result = 0;
result = NumberA * NumberB;
return result;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 除法类
/// </summary>
class OperationDiv : Operation
{
public override double GetResult()
{
double result = 0;
if (NumberB == 0)
throw new Exception("除数不能为0。");
result = NumberA / NumberB;
return result;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 平方类
/// </summary>
class OperationSqr : Operation
{
public override double GetResult()
{
double result = 0;
result = NumberB * NumberB;
return result;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 平方根类
/// </summary>
class OperationSqrt : Operation
{
public override double GetResult()
{
double result = 0;
if (NumberB < 0)
throw new Exception("负数不能开平方根。");
result = Math.Sqrt(NumberB);
return result;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 相反数类
/// </summary>
class OperationReverse : Operation
{
public override double GetResult()
{
double result = 0;
result = -NumberB;
return result;
}
}
1.2简单工厂
/// <summary>
/// 运算类工厂
/// </summary>
public class OperationFactory
{
public static Operation createOperate(string operate)
{
Operation oper = null;
switch (operate)
{
case "+":
{
oper = new OperationAdd();
break;
}
case "-":
{
oper = new OperationSub();
break;
}
case "*":
{
oper = new OperationMul();
break;
}
case "/":
{
oper = new OperationDiv();
break;
}
case "sqr":
{
oper = new OperationSqr();
break;
}
case "sqrt":
{
oper = new OperationSqrt();
break;
}
case "+/-":
{
oper = new OperationReverse();
break;
}
}
return oper;
}
}
1.3客户端程序
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
try
{
Console.Write("请输入数字A：");
string strNumberA = Console.ReadLine();
Console.Write("请选择运算符号(+、-、*、/)：");
string strOperate = Console.ReadLine();
Console.Write("请输入数字B：");
string strNumberB = Console.ReadLine();
string strResult = "";
Operation oper;
oper = OperationFactory.createOperate(strOperate);
oper.NumberA = Convert.ToDouble(strNumberA);
oper.NumberB = Convert.ToDouble(strNumberB);
strResult = oper.GetResult().ToString();
Console.WriteLine("结果是：" + strResult);
Console.ReadLine();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("您的输入有错：" + ex.Message);
}
}
}
时间： 2024-11-10 12:11:04