Struts2学习四----------动态方法调用

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Struts2动态方法调用

　　- 默认：默认执行方法中的execute方法，若指定类中没有该方法，默认返回success

<package name="default" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
		<action name="add" class="org.struts.dynamicmethod.action.DynamicMethod">
			<result>/add.jsp</result>					<!-- 若没有execute方法，默认执行该result -->
			<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
		</action>
	</package>

　　- 指定method属性：执行method属性中定义的方法，没有该方法，页面报错

<package name="default" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
		<action name="add" method="add" class="org.struts.dynamicmethod.action.DynamicMethod">
			<result>/add.jsp</result>
			<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
		</action>
	</package>

　　- 通配符方式：使用*作用通配符，若没有配置method，默认执行execute，没有execute方法，默认返回success；

　　　　　　　　　　若配置method，执行method属性中定义的方法，没有该方法，则报错

<package name="default" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
		<action name="add_*" method="{1}" class="org.struts.dynamicmethod.action.DynamicMethod">
			<result>/{1}.jsp</result>					<!-- 若未配置method属性，并且没有execute方法，默认执行该result -->
			<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
		</action>
	</package>

　　- 感叹号方法：在!（感叹号）后面指定方法名，需在package中设置strict-method-invocation="false"，并且开启动态方法调用（老版本只需开启动态方法调用即可）

<package name="default" extends="struts-default" namespace="/" strict-method-invocation="false">
		<action name="add" class="org.struts.dynamicmethod.action.DynamicMethod">
			<result>/add.jsp</result>
			<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
		</action>
	</package>

	<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true"/>

实例

1.项目结构

2.pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

  	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>org.struts</groupId>
	<artifactId>Struts2-DynamicMethod</artifactId>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>Struts2-DynamicMethod Maven Webapp</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

	<properties>
		<!-- 统一Struts2的版本 -->
		<struts.version>2.5.10</struts.version>
		<!-- 统一源代码与编译的编码格式 -->
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<!-- junit -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.12</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!-- Struts2 -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
		    <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
		    <version>${struts.version}</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<finalName>Struts2-DynamicMethod</finalName>
	</build>

</project>

3.web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
  version="3.0">

	<filter>
		<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

</web-app>

4.DynamicMethod.java

package org.struts.dynamicmethod.action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class DynamicMethod extends ActionSupport {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	public String add() {

		return "add";

	}

	public String modify() {

		return "modify";

	}

	public String delete() {

		return "delete";

	}

}

5.struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>

	<!-- 只有感叹号动态调用方法时需设置strict-method-invocation="false" -->
	<package name="dynamic" extends="struts-default" namespace="/" strict-method-invocation="false">
		<!-- 默认，无execute方法，执行name="success"的result -->
		<action name="search" class="org.struts.dynamicmethod.action.DynamicMethod">
			<result>/search.jsp</result>
			<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
		</action>
		<!-- 指定method属性 -->
		<action name="add" method="add" class="org.struts.dynamicmethod.action.DynamicMethod">
			<result name="add">/add.jsp</result>
			<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
		</action>
		<!-- 感叹号方式 -->
		<action name="modify" class="org.struts.dynamicmethod.action.DynamicMethod">
			<result name="modify">/modify.jsp</result>
			<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
		</action>
		<!-- 通配符方式 -->
		<action name="delete_*" method="{1}" class="org.struts.dynamicmethod.action.DynamicMethod">
			<result name="delete">/{1}.jsp</result>
			<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
		</action>
	</package>

	<!-- 开启动态方法调用,只有使用感叹号动态调用方法时需要开启 -->
	<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true"/>

</struts>

6.index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>动态方法调用测试</title>
</head>
<body>
	<a href="search">查询</a><br/>
	<a href="add">新增</a><br/>
	<a href="modify!modify">修改</a><br/>
	<a href="delete_delete">删除</a>
</body>
</html>

7.delete.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	This is delete.jsp
</body>
</html>

8.add.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	This is add.jsp
</body>
</html>

9.modify.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	This is modify.jsp
</body>
</html>

10.search.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	This is search.jsp
</body>
</html>

11.效果预览

　　11.1 主界面

　　11.2 查询（默认方式，类中无execute方法，默认返回name="success"的result对应的界面）

　　11.3 新增（指定method属性，执行add方法）

　　11.4 修改（感叹号方式，执行modify方法）

　　11.5 删除（通配符方式，执行delete方法）

参考：http://www.imooc.com/video/8999