用python写一个restful API

# 作者： 煮酒品茶

"""
package.module
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

python实现的图书的一个restful api.

参考restful设计指南 URL：
http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2014/05/restful_api.html

restful api 一般模式：
GET（SELECT）：从服务器取出资源（一项或多项）。
POST（CREATE）：在服务器新建一个资源。
PUT（UPDATE）：在服务器更新资源（客户端提供改变后的完整资源）。
PATCH（UPDATE）：在服务器更新资源（客户端提供改变的属性）。
DELETE（DELETE）：从服务器删除资源。

注意：
没有做存储持久化，为了实现例子，实际上应该是从数据库里面拿，而增册改查方法也应该调用
后端的方法。

:copyright: (c) YEAR by zwhset.
:license: GOMEOPS, see LICENSE_FILE for more details.
"""

from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
import random

app = Flask(__name__)

books = [
dict(id=1, isdn=random.randrange(1, 1000), title=‘a python book‘, author=dict(
name=‘l0set‘, city=‘hunan‘
)),
dict(id=2, isdn=random.randrange(1, 1000), title=‘a golang book‘, author=dict(
name=‘zwhset‘, city=‘beijing‘
))
]

# error action
@app.errorhandler(405)
def page_not_found(e):
return jsonify(dict(code=1, message=‘method error.‘)), 405

# get all books
@app.route(‘/api/books‘)
def handle_books():
return jsonify(books)

# get a book
@app.route(‘/api/book/<int:id>‘)
def handle_book(id):
for i, book in enumerate(books):
if book[‘id‘] == id:
return jsonify(book)
return jsonify(dict(code=2, message="don‘t fund the book"))

# create a new book
@app.route(‘/api/book‘, methods=[‘POST‘])
def create_book():
book = request.json

# check params
if ((not ‘title‘ in book and ‘author‘ in book) or
(not isinstance(book[‘author‘], dict)) or
(not ‘name‘ in book[‘author‘] and ‘city‘ in book[‘author‘])):
return jsonify(code=3, message=‘json author error.‘)

# create a new book
book[‘id‘] = random.randrange(1, 10000)
book[‘isdn‘] = random.randrange(1, 10000)
books.append(book)
return jsonify(code=0, message=‘success‘)

# update book
@app.route(‘/api/book/<int:id>‘, methods=[‘PUT‘])
def update_book(id):
book = request.json

# check params
if ((not ‘title‘ in book and ‘author‘ in book) or
(not isinstance(book[‘author‘], dict)) or
(not ‘name‘ in book[‘author‘] and ‘city‘ in book[‘author‘])):
return jsonify(code=3, message=‘json author error.‘)

# 安全考虑，只拿要的数据，其它的不要
book_data = dict(title=book[‘title‘],
author=dict(
name=book[‘author‘][‘name‘],
city=book[‘author‘][‘city‘]
))

for i, book in enumerate(books):
# check id
if book[‘id‘] == id:
books[i].update(book_data) # 进行更新操作
return jsonify(code=0, message=‘success‘)

return jsonify(dict(code=2, message="don‘t fund the book"))

# delete a book
@app.route(‘/api/book/<int:id>‘, methods=[‘DELETE‘])
def delete_book(id):
for i, book in enumerate(books):
# check id
if book[‘id‘] == id:
del books[i] # 删除书
return jsonify(code=0, message=‘success‘)

return jsonify(dict(code=2, message="don‘t fund the book"))