好久没有写博客了。最近在使用SharePoint 2010中Timer Job的功能，有了一点心得，分享一下。
我个人认为SharePoint Timer Job和Windows Service或者是Schedule很相似，就是enable之后可以定时执行。开发的步骤如下：
1. 在VS中新建一个Class，这个Class继承Microsoft.SharePoint.Administration.SPJobDefinition，实现的代码如下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.SharePoint;
using Microsoft.SharePoint.Administration;
namespace Mike.TimeJob
{
public class MyFirstTimeJob:SPJobDefinition
{
public MyFirstTimeJob()
:base()
{}
public MyFirstTimeJob(string jobName, SPService service, SPServer server, SPJobLockType targetType)
:base(jobName,service,server,targetType)
{}
public MyFirstTimeJob(string jobName, SPWebApplication webApplication)
: base(jobName, webApplication, null, SPJobLockType.ContentDatabase)
{
this.Title = "Mike First Timer Job";
}
public override void Execute(Guid targetInstanceId)
{
// get a reference to the current site collection‘s content database
SPWebApplication webApplication = this.Parent as SPWebApplication;
SPContentDatabase contentDb = webApplication.ContentDatabases[targetInstanceId];
// get a reference to the "Tasks" list in the RootWeb of the first site collection in the content database
SPList taskLlist=contentDb.Sites[0].RootWeb.Lists["Tasks"];
//create a new task, set the Title to the current day/time, and update the item
SPListItem newTask = taskLlist.Items.Add();
newTask["Title"] = DateTime.Now.ToString();
newTask.Update();
}
}
}
MyFirstTimeJob这个类最关键的就是需要override Execute方法，这里面可以写你自己想要实现的业务逻辑，我这里就是向Tasks List中每次新增一个时间信息，这个类需要注册到GAC中，是需要强命名的。
2. 在VS中新建第二个Class，这个Class是MyFirstTimeJob的安装类，在SharePoint Feature被激活的时候使用，这个Class继承了Microsoft.SharePoint.Administration.SPFeatureReceiver，实现的代码如下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.SharePoint;
using Microsoft.SharePoint.Administration;
namespace Mike.TimeJob
{
public class MyFirstTimeJobInstaller:SPFeatureReceiver
{
const string JOB_NAME = "MyFirstTimeJob";
public override void FeatureInstalled(SPFeatureReceiverProperties properties)
{
}
public override void FeatureUninstalling(SPFeatureReceiverProperties properties)
{
}
public override void FeatureActivated(SPFeatureReceiverProperties properties)
{
SPSite site = properties.Feature.Parent as SPSite;
// make sure the job isn‘t already registered
foreach (SPJobDefinition job in site.WebApplication.JobDefinitions)
{
if (job.Name == JOB_NAME)
job.Delete();
}
// install the job
MyFirstTimeJob myjob = new MyFirstTimeJob(JOB_NAME, site.WebApplication);
SPMinuteSchedule schedule = new SPMinuteSchedule();
schedule.BeginSecond = 0;
schedule.EndSecond = 59;
schedule.Interval = 5;
myjob.Schedule = schedule;
myjob.Update();
}
public override void FeatureDeactivating(SPFeatureReceiverProperties properties)
{
SPSite site = properties.Feature.Parent as SPSite;
// delete the job
foreach (SPJobDefinition job in site.WebApplication.JobDefinitions)
{
if (job.Name == JOB_NAME)
job.Delete();
}
}
}
}
MyFirstTimeJobInstaller类中FeatureDeactivating方法用于在Feature被Disable时将已经存在的SPJobDefinition实例删除，FeatureActivated方法用于删除已经存在的SPJobDefinition实例，然后再新建实例，并设置Schedule，Schedule可以有SPYearlySchedule、SPMonthlySchedule、SPDailySchedule、SPHourlySchedule、SPMinuteSchedule等等，具体可以去查MSDN。
3. 将这2个Class注册到GAC中，因为是同一个Assembly，得到一个PublicKey。
安装GAC的命令
gacutil -i 目录\Mike.TimeJob.dll
4. 在创建Feature.XML文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Feature xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/"
Id="D4C9BB6B-E95D-4066-A0BA-EE5AAE79E3B3"
Title="Mike First Timer Job"
Description="Mike Hu‘s first timer job for adding now to tasks list"
Scope="Site"
Hidden="TRUE"
Version="1.0.0.0"
ReceiverAssembly="Mike.TimeJob, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=d747f4e6e693450e"
ReceiverClass="Mike.TimeJob.MyFirstTimeJobInstaller">
</Feature>
这里Feature中的PublicKeyToken填写的是第3步得到的Public Key.将这个feature.xml文件copy到C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Web Server Extensions\14\TEMPLATE\FEATURES\MyFirstTimeJob_Feature1中，注意MyFirstTimeJob_Feature1是自己创建的。
5. 安装Feature
stsadm -o installfeature -filename MyFirstTimeJob_Feature1\feature.xml -force
6. 重新启动ISS
iisreset
7. 激活Feature
stsadm -o activatefeature -filename MyFirstTimeJob_Feature1\feature.xml -url
http://prsgi0001
其中http://prsgi0001表所起作用的Web Application，这是Timer Job已经安装成功，并设置好了Shedule。
8. stop SharePoint 2010 Timer
net stop sptimerv4
9. start SharePoint 2010 Timer
net start sptimerv4
这样在Central Administration--> Monitoring --> Timer Jobs --> Review Job Definition中找到安装好的Timer Job。
全部完成，并可以成功运行了。
10. 如果需Debug，需要attach to process到OWSTIMER.EXE这个process中。
参考：Andrew Connell, Creating Custom SharePoint Timer Jobs
创建SharePoint 2010 Timer Job