类别：原创 服务器
本文参考
第一：说明
目的：本机前提是已安装好了cacti 0.8.8b 并正常工作，本文档主要配置cacti插件并启用邮件短信告警。
其它说明： cacti 0.8.8b的安装请参考我的其它博客文章《Cacti 0.8.8b 安装配置（含snmp配置） 》http://jedy82.blog.51cto.com/425872/1569689
本文在此基础上配置
Cacti服务器ip：192.168.10.112，mssql服务器ip：192.168.1.4
cacti 使用yum方式安装，默认路径为/usr/share/cacti
第二：本例操作环境
[[email protected] ~]# yum update -y
[[email protected] ~]# uname -a
Linux i-tcz0hdhc 2.6.32-431.29.2.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Sep 9 21:36:05 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[[email protected] ~]# more /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.6 (Final)
[[email protected] ~]#
第三：必须组件的安装
1、 说明
由于windows sql server 2005 本身不支持snmp。所以要想使用cacti 监控mssql，我们只能通过php连接mssql 2005，获取sql 2005的性能计数器的值。
php连接mssql最常用的方法是使用freetds工具。cacti 服务器上必须安装php-mssql 驱动。
2、 安装freetds和php-mssql
[[email protected] ~]# yum install freetds php-mssql -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.yun-idc.com
* epel: mirrors.yun-idc.com
* extras: mirrors.yun-idc.com
* rpmfusion-free-updates: mirror.bjtu.edu.cn
* rpmfusion-nonfree-updates: mirror.bjtu.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.yun-idc.com
Package freetds-0.91-2.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package php-mssql-5.3.3-3.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[[email protected] ~]#
freetds安装完成后 不需要配置，重启httpd服务后能在phpinfo页面看到php支持mssql了
3、 测试mssql的连接
注意防火墙的设置
[[email protected] ~]# vi test_mssql_connect.php
[[email protected] ~]# more test_mssql_connect.php
<?php
if(mssql_connect(‘192.168.1.4‘,‘sa‘,‘test‘)){
echo "success\n";
}
else {
echo "fail";
}
?>
[[email protected] ~]# php -q test_mssql_connect.php
success
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]#
第四：监控脚本配置
Cacti官方模板下载地址：http://docs.cacti.net/templates
Sql server 模板官方安装文档：http://docs.cacti.net/usertemplate:host:microsoft:sqlserver
将http://docs.cacti.net/_media/usertemplate:host:microsoft:cacti087e-mssql-host_template.tgz 下载到本地。解压后得到4个文件夹。
1、 在sql server 上新增监控用户
将解压后的sql scripts\sql_server_2005-2008.sql中的内容导入到sql server2005 中。其中的cactistats和CHANGEME分别是新增用户的用户名和密码。可以自行修改。如果此处修改了，下面几行也要做相应修改。之后的ss_win_mssql.php文件中的相应位置也要修改。
成功执行后在会在sql server 上增加一个名为：cactistats密码为：CHANGEME的用户。
2、 测试监控用户连接
新建测试文件
[[email protected] ~]# vi test_dm_os_performance_counters.php
[[email protected] ~]# more test_dm_os_performance_counters.php
<?php
try {
$hostname=‘192.168.1.4‘; \\ 数据库ip地址
$port=1433; \\ 数据库端口（默认）
$dbname="master"; \\ 数据库名（默认）
$username="cactistats"; \\ 数据库用户名（必须和前面导入的sql文件中的一致）
$pw="CHANGEME"; \\ 数据库用户密码（必须和前面导入的sql文件中的一致）
$dbh= new PDO("dblib:host=$hostname:$port;dbname=$dbname","$username","$pw");
} catch (PDOException $e) {
echo"Failed to get DB handle: ".$e->getMessage() ."n";
exit;
}
echo ‘connent MSSQL succeed‘;
#$stmt=$dbh->prepare("SELECT * FROM sys.dm_os_performance_counters");
$stmt=$dbh->prepare("SELECT COUNT (*) FROM sys.dm_os_performance_counters");
$stmt->execute();
while ($row=$stmt->fetch()) {
print_r($row);
}
unset($dbh); unset($stmt);
?>
[[email protected] ~]# php test_dm_os_performance_counters.php
connent MSSQL succeedArray
(
[computed] => 644
[0] => 644
)
[[email protected] ~]#
3、 添加监控脚本
将解压后的scripts\ss_win_mssql.php上传到cacti服务器的cacti目录下的scripts/下，并赋予权限
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/share/cacti/scripts/
[[email protected] scripts]# chmod 755 ss_win_mssql.php
[[email protected] scripts]#
官方文档中有如下的一段话：“I use MemCached to speed up the polling process so the code is setup to use it. If you choose not to, comment out (or delete) lines 24-29 and 72-73
You‘ll need to install the MemCached service as well as the PHP libraries which should be available through PECL”。大致意思就是说，ss_win_mssql.php中默认使用的是memcached来取mssql的数据，如果没有安装或是不使用memcached的话。需要将memcached有关的行注释掉。否则无法取到mssql的数据。
我这里没有安装memcached。所以这相关内容注释。
[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/share/cacti/scripts/
[[email protected] scripts]# vi ss_win_mssql.php
[[email protected] scripts]# more ss_win_mssql.php
<?php
/* do NOT run this script through a web browser */
if (!isset($_SERVER["argv"][0]) || isset($_SERVER[‘REQUEST_METHOD‘]) || isset($_SERVER[‘REMOTE_ADDR‘])) {
die("<br><strong>This script is only meant to run at the command line.</strong>");
}
/* display No errors */
error_reporting(0);
if (!isset($called_by_script_server)) {
array_shift($_SERVER["argv"]);
print call_user_func_array("ss_win_mssql", $_SERVER["argv"])."\n";
}
function ss_win_mssql ($hostname, $cmd, $username = NULL, $password = NULL) {
list($host, $port) = explode(‘:‘, $hostname);
$port = ($port == ‘‘ ? ‘1433‘ : $port);
$username = ($username == NULL ? ‘cactistats‘ : $username);
$password = ($password == NULL ? ‘CHANGEME‘ : $password);
$ret = ‘‘;
// $MCache_Host = ‘localhost‘; \\ 注释掉memcached相关内容
// $MCache_Port = ‘11211‘; \\ 注释掉memcached相关内容
// $cachekey = ‘ss_win_mssql:‘.$host.‘-‘.$port; \\ 注释掉memcached相关内容
// $MemCache = new Memcache; \\ 注释掉memcached相关内容
// $MemCache->connect($MCache_Host, $MCache_Port); \\ 注释掉memcached相关内容
// if (! $vals = $MemCache->get($cachekey)){ \\ 注释掉memcached相关内容
if (! $link = mssql_connect($host.‘:‘.$port, $username, $password) )
return;
list($server_version) = mssql_fetch_row(mssql_query("SELECT SERVERPROPERTY(‘productversion‘)"));
$perf_counter_table = (substr($server_version, 0, 1) == "8" ? ‘sysperfinfo‘ : ‘sys.dm_os_performance_counters‘);
$sql = "SELECT [counter_name], [cntr_value] FROM ".$perf_counter_table." ".
"WHERE ([instance_name] = ‘‘ OR [instance_name] = ‘_Total‘) AND (".
"([object_name] LIKE (‘%Plan Cache%‘) AND [counter_name] IN ".
"(‘Cache Hit Ratio‘, ‘Cache Hit Ratio Base‘)) OR ".
"([object_name] LIKE (‘%Buffer Manager%‘) AND [counter_name] IN ".
"(‘Buffer Cache Hit Ratio‘, ‘Buffer Cache Hit Ratio Base‘, ‘Page reads/sec‘, ‘Page writes/sec‘)) OR ".
"([object_name] LIKE (‘%General Statistics%‘) AND [counter_name] IN ".
"(‘Active Temp Tables‘, ‘User Connections‘)) OR ".
"([object_name] LIKE (‘%Databases%‘) AND [counter_name] IN ".
"(‘Transactions/sec‘, ‘Log Cache Hit Ratio‘, ‘Log Cache Hit Ratio Base‘, ‘Log Flushes/sec‘, ".
"‘Log Bytes Flushed/sec‘, ‘Backup/Restore Throughput/sec‘)) OR ".
"([object_name] LIKE (‘%Access Methods%‘) AND [counter_name] IN ".
"(‘Full Scans/sec‘, ‘Range Scans/sec‘, ‘Probe Scans/sec‘, ‘Index Searches/sec‘, ‘Page Splits/sec‘)) OR ".
"([object_name] LIKE (‘%Memory Manager%‘) AND [counter_name] IN ".
"(‘Target Server Memory (KB)‘, ‘Target Server Memory(KB)‘, ‘Total Server Memory (KB)‘)) OR".
"([object_name] LIKE (‘%SQL Statistics%‘) AND [counter_name] IN ".
"(‘SQL Compilations/sec‘, ‘SQL Re-Compilations/sec‘))".
")";
$res = mssql_query($sql, $link);
$search = array(‘ ‘, ‘/sec‘, ‘(KB)‘, ‘/‘, ‘-‘);
while ($row = mssql_fetch_row($res)){
$vals[strtolower(str_replace($search, ‘‘, $row[0]))] = (empty($row[1]) ? ‘0‘ : $row[1]);
}
$vals[‘buffercachehitratio‘] = $vals[‘buffercachehitratio‘] / $vals[‘buffercachehitratiobase‘] * 100;
$vals[‘logcachehitratio‘] = $vals[‘logcachehitratio‘] / $vals[‘logcachehitratiobase‘] * 100;
$vals[‘proccachehitratio‘] = $vals[‘cachehitratio‘] / $vals[‘cachehitratiobase‘] * 100;
$vals[‘memoryhitratio‘] = $vals[‘totalservermemory‘] / $vals[‘targetservermemory‘] * 100;
unset($vals[‘buffercachehitratiobase‘], $vals[‘logcachehitratiobase‘], $vals[‘cachehitratiobase‘], $vals[‘cachehitratio‘]);
// $MemCache->set($cachekey, $vals, FALSE, 15); \\ 注释掉memcached相关内容
// } \\ 注释掉memcached相关内容
switch ($cmd){
case "bckrsttroughput":
$ret .= ‘bckrsttroughput:‘.$vals[‘backuprestorethroughput‘].‘ ‘;
break;
case "buffercache":
$ret .= ‘buffercachehitratio:‘.$vals[‘buffercachehitratio‘].‘ ‘;
break;
case "compilations":
$ret .= ‘compliations:‘.$vals[‘sqlcompilations‘].‘ ‘;
$ret .= ‘recompliations:‘.$vals[‘sqlrecompilations‘].‘ ‘;
break;
case "connections":
$ret .= ‘userconnections:‘.$vals[‘userconnections‘].‘ ‘;
break;
case "logcache":
$ret .= ‘logcachehitratio:‘.$vals[‘logcachehitratio‘].‘ ‘;
break;
case "logflushes":
$ret .= ‘logflushes:‘.$vals[‘logflushes‘].‘ ‘;
break;
case "logflushtraffic":
$ret .= ‘bytesflushed:‘.$vals[‘logbytesflushed‘].‘ ‘;
break;
case "memory":
$ret .= ‘memoryhitratio:‘.$vals[‘memoryhitratio‘].‘ ‘;
$ret .= ‘totalservermemory:‘.$vals[‘totalservermemory‘].‘ ‘;
$ret .= ‘targetservermemory:‘.$vals[‘targetservermemory‘].‘ ‘;
break;
case "pageio":
$ret .= ‘pagereads:‘.$vals[‘pagereads‘].‘ ‘;
$ret .= ‘pagewrites:‘.$vals[‘pagewrites‘].‘ ‘;
break;
case "pagesplits":
$ret .= ‘pagesplits:‘.$vals[‘pagesplits‘].‘ ‘;
break;
case "proccache":
$ret .= ‘proccachehitratio:‘.$vals[‘proccachehitratio‘].‘ ‘;
break;
case "scans":
$ret .= ‘fullscans:‘.$vals[‘fullscans‘].‘ ‘;
$ret .= ‘rangescans:‘.$vals[‘rangescans‘].‘ ‘;
$ret .= ‘probescans:‘.$vals[‘probescans‘].‘ ‘;
$ret .= ‘indexsearches:‘.$vals[‘indexsearches‘].‘ ‘;
break;
case "temptables":
$ret .= ‘activetemptables:‘.$vals[‘activetemptables‘].‘ ‘;
break;
case "transactions":
$ret .= ‘transactions:‘.$vals[‘transactions‘].‘ ‘;
break;
# case "":
# $ret .= ‘:‘.$vals[‘‘].‘ ‘;
# break;
}
return trim($ret);
}
?>
[[email protected] scripts]#
4、 测试监控脚本
[[email protected] scripts]#
[[email protected] scripts]# /usr/bin/php -q /usr/share/cacti/scripts/ss_win_mssql.php 192.168.1.4 scans cactistats CHANGEME
fullscans:4167 rangescans:611197 probescans:130196372 indexsearches:3420215
[[email protected] scripts]# /usr/bin/php -q /usr/share/cacti/scripts/ss_win_mssql.php 192.168.1.4 connections
userconnections:5
[[email protected] scripts]#
第四：cacti配置
1、 导入模板
将解压后的template\cacti_host_template_windows_-_sql_server.xml导入到cacti中
Console → Import/Export → Import Templates → 选择文件 → Import
导入后的Host Templates名为 Windows - SQL Server
导入后graph templates包含：
Windows - SQL Server - Backup/Restore I/O
Windows - SQL Server - Buffer Cache
Windows - SQL Server - Connections
Windows - SQL Server - Log Cache
Windows - SQL Server - Log Flush I/O
Windows - SQL Server - Log Flushes
Windows - SQL Server - Memory
Windows - SQL Server - Page I/O
Windows - SQL Server - Page Splits
Windows - SQL Server - Procedure Cache
Windows - SQL Server - Processes Blocked
Windows - SQL Server - SQL Compilations
Windows - SQL Server - Table Scans
Windows - SQL Server - Temp Tables
Windows - SQL Server - Transactions
2、 新建一个Devices
“Console → Management → Devices → Add”中新建一个Devices。注意“Host Template” 中选择“Windows - SQL Server” 点“Save”后在页面上方点 “Create Graphs for this Host”。
在“Graph Templates”中选择要监控的项，点“Create”后出现“Create Graphs from Data Query ”中要求填写sql server的端口号、用户名、密码。此处如果不填写，将直接使用前面在ss_win_mssql.php中填写的端口号、用户名、密码。
3、 将新建的Devices加入到Graph Trees中（过程略）5分钟后，我们能在graphs中看到mssql的监控图。
这里要注意一下，虽然mssql 2005 不支持snmp，监控也是使用的php脚本，但是rrdtool画图是必须是要snmp的哦，所以在被监控的mssql 2005上的snmp必须要允许cacti服务器，否则就会有数据不出图哦
至此 cacti成功监控mssql 2005