SQL查询练习题目

设有一数据库，包括四个表：学生表（Student）、课程表（Course）、成绩表（Score）以及教师信息表（Teacher）。四个表的结构分别如表1-1的表（一）~表（四）所示，数据如表1-2的表（一）~表（四）所示。用SQL语句创建四个表并完成相关题目。

表1-1数据库的表结构

表（一）Student (学生表)

表（二）Course（课程表）

表（三）Score(成绩表)

表（四）Teacher(教师表)

表1-2数据库中的数据

表（一）Student

表（二）Course课程表

表（三）Score  成绩表

表（四）Teacher

一、创建数据库和表

create database ZuoYe--创建数据库

use ZuoYe--使用数据库

create table Student--学生表
(
Sno char(3) NOT NULL Primary key ,--学号 ，设为主键，不允许空值
Sname char(8) NOT NULL,--学生姓名
Ssex char(2)NOT NULL,--学生性别
Sbirthday datetime, --学生出生年月
Class char(5),--学生所在班级
)
go
create table Teacher--教师表
(
Tno char(3)NOT NULL primary key,--教工编号设为主键
Tname char(4)NOT NULL,--教工姓名
Tsex char(2)NOT NULL,--教工性别
Tbirthday datetime,--教工出生年月
Prof char(6),--职称
Depart varchar(10)NOT NULL,--教工所在部门
)
go
create table Course--课程表
(
    Cno char(5) NOT NULL Primary key ,--课程号设为主键
    Cname varchar(10) NOT NULL,--课程名称
    Tno char(3) NOT NULL references Teacher(Tno),--教工编号设为外键
)
go
create table Score--成绩表
(
Sno char(3) NOT NULL references Student(Sno),--学号设为外码
Cno char(5) NOT NULL references Course(Cno),--课程号设为外码
Degree Decimal(4,1)--成绩
primary key(Sno,Cno),--学号和课程号设为联合主键
)
select *from Student--向表中填入数据，注意：字符串要引起来，否则出错
insert into Student values(108,‘曾华‘,‘男‘,‘1977-09-01‘,‘95033‘)
insert into Student values(105,‘匡明‘,‘男‘,‘1975-10-02‘,‘95031‘)
insert into Student values(107,‘王丽‘,‘女‘,‘1976-01-23‘,‘95033‘)
insert into Student values(101,‘李军‘,‘男‘,‘1976-02-20‘,‘95033‘)
insert into Student values(109,‘王芳‘,‘女‘,‘1975-02-10‘,‘95031‘)
insert into Student values(103,‘陆君‘,‘男‘,‘1974-06-03‘,‘95031‘)

select *from Teacher
insert into Teacher values(804,‘李诚‘,‘男‘,‘1958-12-02‘,‘副教授‘,‘计算机系‘)
insert into Teacher values(856,‘张旭‘,‘男‘,‘1969-03-12‘,‘讲师‘,‘电子工程系‘)
insert into Teacher values(825,‘王萍‘,‘女‘,‘1972-05-05‘,‘助教‘,‘计算机系‘)
insert into Teacher values(831,‘刘冰‘,‘女‘,‘1977-08-14‘,‘助教‘,‘电子工程系‘)

select*from Course
insert into Course values(‘3-105‘,‘计算机导论‘,825)
insert into Course values(‘3-245‘,‘操作系统‘,804)
insert into Course values(‘6-166‘,‘数字电路‘,856)
insert into Course values(‘9-888‘,‘高等数学‘,831)

select *from Score
insert into Score values(103,‘3-245‘,86)
insert into Score values(105,‘3-245‘,75)
insert into Score values(109,‘3-245‘,68)
insert into Score values(103,‘3-105‘,92)
insert into Score values(105,‘3-105‘,88)
insert into Score values(109,‘3-105‘,76)
insert into Score values(101,‘3-105‘,64)
insert into Score values(107,‘3-105‘,91)
insert into Score values(108,‘3-105‘,78)
insert into Score values(101,‘6-166‘,85)
insert into Score values(107,‘6-166‘,79)
insert into Score values(108,‘6-166‘,81)

select *from Student

select *from Teacher

select *from Course

select *from Score

————作业题目及答案

--题目及答案

--1、查询Student表中的所有记录的Sname、Ssex和Class列。
select Sname,Ssex,Class from Student

--2、 查询教师所有的单位即不重复的Depart列
select Depart from Teacher 

--3、 查询Student表的所有记录。
select *from Student

--4、 查询Score表中成绩在60到80之间的所有记录。关键字：between...and...
select *from Score where Degree between 60 and 80
--或者 select Score where degree>=60 and degree <=80

--5、 查询Score表中成绩为85，86或88的记录。
select *from Score where Degree in(85,86,88)

--6、 查询Student表中“95031”班或性别为“女”的同学记录。
select *from Student where Class=95031 or Ssex=‘女‘--或的情况
select *from Student where Class=95031 and Ssex=‘女‘--并且的情况

--7、 以Class降序查询Student表的所有记录。
select *from Student
select *from Student order by Class desc--降序
select *from Student order by Class asc--升序

--8、 以Cno升序、Degree降序查询Score表的所有记录。
select *from Score order by Cno asc,Degree desc

--9、 查询“95031”班的学生人数。
select COUNT(Class) from Student where Class=95031
--或者select COUNT(*) from Student where Class=95031

--10、 查询Score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号。（子查询或者排序）
select sno ,cno from Score where Degree =(
select MAX(Degree)from Score)--子查询

select top 1 sno,cno from Score order by Degree desc--排序法

--10.1查询Score表中除了每门课程最高分的学生学号和课程号。（子查询或者排序）
select *from Score s1 where Degree not in (
select MAX(Degree)from Score s2 group by Cno having s1.Cno=s2.Cno)

--11、 查询每门课的平均成绩。
select Cno, AVG(Degree) from Score group by Cno

--12、查询Score表中至少有5名学生选修的并以3开头的课程的平均分数。
select Cno,COUNT(*),AVG (Degree)from Score group by Cno having COUNT(*)>=5 and  Cno like‘3%‘--先分组，选出Cno>=5的个数，再加上以3开头的条件，然后再求平均分

--13、查询分数大于70，小于90的Sno列。
select Sno from Score where Degree> 70 and Degree<90

--14、查询所有学生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。
select Student.Sname,Score.Cno,Score.Degree from Student join Score on Student.Sno=Score.Sno

--15、查询所有学生的Sno、Cname和Degree列。
select Score.Sno,Score.Degree,Course.Cname from Score join Course on Course.Cno=Score.Cno

--16、查询所有学生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。
select Student.Sname,Course.Cname,Score.Degree from Student join Score on Student.Sno=Score.Sno join Course on Course.Cno=Score.Cno

--17、 查询“95033”班学生的平均分。
select AVG(Degree)from Student,Score where Student.Sno=Score.Sno and Class=‘95033‘
select AVG(degree)from Score join Student on Student.Sno=Score.Sno and Student .Class=‘95033‘

--18 假设使用如下命令建立了一个grade表：
create table Grade(Low int  ,Upp int,Rank char(1),)

select *from Grade
insert into Grade values(90,100,‘A‘)
insert into Grade values(80,89,‘B‘)
insert into Grade values(70,79,‘C‘)
insert into Grade values(60,69,‘D‘)
insert into Grade values(0,59,‘E‘)

--现查询所有同学的Sno、Cno和rank列。
select Sno,Cno,Rank from Score ,Grade where Degree between Low and Upp

--19、  查询选修“3-105”课程的,并且成绩高于“109”号同学成绩的所有同学的记录。
select *from Score where Cno=‘3-105‘and Degree>(
select degree from Score where sno=‘109‘and Cno=‘3-105‘)

--20、查询score中选学多门课程的同学,这些同学中分数为非最高分成绩的记录。
select sno from Score group by Sno having COUNT (*)>1--找同学

select MAX(degree) from Score where sno in (select sno from Score group by Sno having COUNT (*)>1)--找最高分

select degree  from Score where sno not in (select MAX(degree) from Score where sno in (select sno from Score group by Sno having COUNT (*)>1))--去掉最高分

select *from Score where Sno not in (select degree  from Score where sno not in (select MAX(degree) from Score where sno in (select sno from Score group by Sno having COUNT (*)>1)))

--21、 查询成绩高于学号为“109”、课程号为“3-105”的成绩的所有记录。
select Degree from Score where Sno=109 and Cno=‘3-105‘--找出学号为“109”、课程号为“3-105”
select * from Score where Degree>(select Degree from Score where Sno=109 and Cno=‘3-105‘)

--22、查询和学号为108的同学同年出生的所有学生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。
select sno,sname,sbirthday from Student where YEAR(Sbirthday)=(select YEAR(sbirthday) from Student where Sno=108 )

--23、查询“张旭“教师任课的学生成绩。
select * from Score where Cno=(select cno from Course where Tno =(select Tno from Teacher where Tname=‘张旭‘))

--24、查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名。
select tname from Teacher where Tno=( select Tno from Course where Cno=(select Cno from Score group by Cno having COUNT(cno)>5 ))

--25、查询95033班和95031班全体学生的记录。
select sno,sname,ssex from Student where Class=‘95033‘
union
select sno,sname,ssex from student where Class=‘95031‘

--26、  查询存在有85分以上成绩的课程Cno.
select distinct cno from Score where Degree >85--去除重复的

--27、查询出“计算机系“教师所教课程的成绩表。
select degree from Score where Cno in(select Cno from Course where Tno in(select Tno from Teacher where Depart=‘计算机系‘))

--28、查询“计算机系”与“电子工程系“不同职称的教师的Tname和Prof。
select Tname,Prof from teacher t1 where depart=‘计算机系‘
and not exists(
select * from teacher t2 where depart=‘电子工程系‘ and t1.prof = t2.prof)
union
select Tname,Prof from teacher t1 where depart=‘电子工程系‘
and not exists(
select * from teacher t2 where depart=‘计算机系‘ and t1.prof = t2.prof)

--29、查询选修编号为“3-105“课程且成绩至少高于一个选修编号为“3-245”的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree,并按Degree从高到低次序排序。
select *from score where cno=‘3-105‘and degree>any (select degree from Score where Cno=‘3-245‘) order by Degree desc 

--30、查询选修编号为“3-105”且成绩高于选修编号为“3-245”课程的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree.
select *from Score where Degree>all(select Degree from Score where Cno=‘3-245‘)and Cno=‘3-105‘

--31、 查询所有教师和同学的name、sex和birthday.
select Sname,Ssex,Sbirthday from Student
union
select tname,tsex,tbirthday from Teacher

--32、查询所有“女”教师和“女”同学的name、sex和birthday.
select sname,ssex,sbirthday from Student where Ssex=‘女‘
union
select tname,tsex,tbirthday from Teacher where Tsex=‘女‘

--33、 查询成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的成绩表。
select * from score where degree<(select AVG(degree)from Score)--错误做法
select *from Score s1 where Degree<(select AVG(Degree)from Score s2 group by Cno having s1.cno=s2.Cno)--正确做法
--34、 查询所有任课教师的Tname和Depart.--
select Tname,Depart from Teacher where Tno in(select Tno from Course where Cno in(select distinct  Cno from Score))

--35 、 查询所有未讲课的教师的Tname和Depart.
select tname, depart from Teacher where Tno not in (select Tno from Course where cno in (select distinct cno from Score )) 

--36、查询至少有2名男生的班号。--
select Class from Student where Ssex=‘男‘ group by Class having COUNT(*)>1
--37、查询Student表中不姓“王”的同学记录。
select *from Student where Sname not like ‘王%‘

--38、查询Student表中每个学生的姓名和年龄。
select Sname,YEAR(GETDATE())-year(Sbirthday)from Student 

--39、查询Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。
select MAX (sbirthday),MIN(Sbirthday)from Student

--40、以班号和年龄从大到小的顺序查询Student表中的全部记录。
select *from Student order by Class ,YEAR(GETDATE())-year(sbirthday) desc

--41、查询“男”教师及其所上的课程。--
select Cname from Course join Teacher on Course.Tno=Teacher.Tno and Tsex=‘男‘

--42、查询最高分同学的Sno、Cno和Degree列。
select *from Score where Degree=(select MAX(Degree)from Score)
--或者select top 1*from Score order by Degree desc

--43、查询和“李军”同性别的所有同学的Sname.
select sname from Student where Ssex=(select ssex from Student where Sname=‘李军‘) and Sname !=‘李军‘

--44、查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname.
select sname from Student where Ssex=(select Ssex from Student where Sname=‘李军‘)
and class=(select Class from Student where Sname=‘李军‘)
and Sname!=‘李军‘
--相关子查询法
select sname from Student s1 where Ssex=(
select Ssex from Student s2 where Sname =‘李军‘and s1.class=s2.Class)

--45、查询所有选修“计算机导论”课程的“男”同学的成绩表.
select Sno,Cno, degree from Score where Cno=(select Cno from Course where Cname=‘计算机导论‘)and sno in (select sno from Student where Ssex=‘男‘)