目录

• rsync nfs 实时同步，实战
  • 一、部署rsync服务端(backup)
  • 二、部署rsync客户端(nfs，web01)
  • 三、部署web代码(web01)
  • 四、NFS服务端部署（nfs）
  • 五、部署nfs备胎服务端（nfs）
  • 六、部署nfs的客户端web01（web01）
  • 七、backup实时同步nfs的data目录
  • 八、定时任务并发邮件
  • 九、NFS服务端部署sersync实时同步（nfs）
  • 十、切换备胎backup（web01）

rsync nfs 实时同步，实战

一、部署rsync服务端(backup)

1）安装rsync

[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y rsync

2）配置rsync

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/rsyncd.conf
uid = www
gid = www
port = 873
fake super = yes
use chroot = no
max connections = 200
timeout = 600
ignore errors
read only = false
list = false
auth users = rsync_backup
secrets file = /etc/rsync.passwd
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
#####################################
[backup]
comment = welcome to oldboyedu backup!
path = /backup

[nfs]
comment = welcome to oldboyedu backup!
path = /data

3）创建系统用户（www），为了和web nfs统一

[[email protected] ~]# groupadd www -g 666
[[email protected] ~]# useradd www -u 666 -g 666 -s /sbin/nologin -M

4）创建虚拟的认证用户和密码文件并授权

[[email protected] ~]# echo 'rsync_backup:123' > /etc/rsync.passwd
[[email protected] ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.passwd

5）创建目录

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /backup /data
[[email protected] ~]# chown -R www.www /backup/ /data/
#检查
[[email protected] ~]# ll -d /backup/ /data/
drwxr-xr-x 2 www www 6 Aug  7 16:56 /backup/
drwxr-xr-x 2 www www 6 Aug  7 16:56 /data/

6）启动rsync服务并加入开机自启

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start rsyncd
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd

二、部署rsync客户端(nfs，web01)

1）安装rsync

[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y rsync
[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y rsync

2）免密码方式

#方式一：
[[email protected] ~]# echo '123' > /etc/rsync.pass
[[email protected] ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pass

[[email protected] ~]# echo '123' > /etc/rsync.pass
[[email protected] ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pass

[[email protected] ~]# rsync -avz /etc/passwd [email protected]::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.pass

#方式二（推荐）：
[[email protected] ~]# export RSYNC_PASSWORD=123
[[email protected] ~]# export RSYNC_PASSWORD=123
[[email protected] ~]# rsync -avz /etc/passwd [email protected]::backup

三、部署web代码(web01)

1）安装httpd和php

[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y httpd php

2）创建用户

[[email protected] ~]# groupadd www -g 666
[[email protected] ~]# useradd www -u 666 -g 666 -s /sbin/nologin -M

创建目录
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir  /data
[[email protected] ~]# chown -R www.www /data/

3）修改配置文件

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
User www
Group www

4）启动httpd并加入开机自启

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start httpd
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable httpd
#检查
[[email protected] ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 80
tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      10427/httpd
#检查启动用户
[[email protected] ~]# ps -ef|grep httpd
root      10427      1  0 17:09 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
www       10428  10427  0 17:10 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
www       10429  10427  0 17:10 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
www       10430  10427  0 17:10 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
www       10431  10427  0 17:10 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
www       10432  10427  0 17:10 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

5）部署代码，将代码上传至httpd的站点目录

#查找站点目录
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -ql httpd|grep html
/var/www/html

#进入站点目录，上传代码
[[email protected] ~]# cd /var/www/html/
[[email protected] html]# rz windows-提交作业代码.zip

#安装unzip
[[email protected] html]# yum install -y unzip

#解压代码
[[email protected] html]# unzip windows-提交作业代码.zip
Archive:  windows-提交作业代码.zip
  inflating: 1.png
  inflating: 2.png
  inflating: 3.png
  inflating: bg.jpg
  inflating: index.html
  inflating: info.php
  inflating: upload_file.php 

#授权
[[email protected] html]# chown -R www.www /var/www/html/

#修改用户上传文件的目录
[[email protected] html]# vim upload_file.php
$wen="/var/www/html/upload";

打开浏览器访问：提交作业

四、NFS服务端部署（nfs）

1）安装nfs和rpcbind

[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y nfs-utils rpcbind

2）配置nfs

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/exports
/data 172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=666,anongid=666)

3）创建www用户（uid和gid是666的用户）

[[email protected] ~]# groupadd www -g 666
[[email protected] ~]# useradd www -u 666 -g 666 -s /sbin/nologin -M

4）创建共享目录/data并授权

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /data
[[email protected] ~]# chown -R www.www /data/

5）启动服务并加入开机自启

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start rpcbind nfs-server
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind nfs-server

6）检查nfs

#检查文件
[[email protected] ~]# cat /var/lib/nfs/etab
/data   172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,wdelay,hide,nocrossmnt,secure,root_squash,all_squash,no_subtree_check,secure_locks,acl,no_pnfs,anonuid=666,anongid=666,sec=sys,rw,secure,root_squash,all_squash)

#检查端口
[[email protected] ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 111
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1/systemd
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN      1/systemd
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*                           1/systemd
udp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                                1/systemd
#检查进程
[[email protected] ~]# ps -ef|grep -E '(nfs|rpcbind)'
rpc        8081      1  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/rpcbind -w
root       8140      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd4_callbacks]
root       8146      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       8147      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       8148      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       8149      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       8150      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       8151      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       8152      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       8153      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]

五、部署nfs备胎服务端（nfs）

1）安装nfs和rpcbind

[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y nfs-utils rpcbind

2）配置nfs

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/exports
/data 172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=666,anongid=666)

3）启动服务并加入开机自启

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start rpcbind nfs-server
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind nfs-server

4）检查nfs

#检查文件
[[email protected] ~]# cat /var/lib/nfs/etab
/data   172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,wdelay,hide,nocrossmnt,secure,root_squash,all_squash,no_subtree_check,secure_locks,acl,no_pnfs,anonuid=666,anongid=666,sec=sys,rw,secure,root_squash,all_squash)

#检查端口
[[email protected] ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 111
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1/systemd
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN      1/systemd
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*                           1/systemd
udp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                                1/systemd
#检查进程
[[email protected] ~]# ps -ef|grep -E '(nfs|rpcbind)'
rpc        8081      1  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/rpcbind -w
root       8140      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd4_callbacks]
root       8146      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       8147      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       8148      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       8149      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       8150      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       8151      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       8152      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]
root       8153      2  0 17:27 ?        00:00:00 [nfsd]

六、部署nfs的客户端web01（web01）

1）安装nfs和rpcbind

[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y nfs-utils rpcbind

2）只启动rpcbind

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start rpcbind
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind

3）查看可挂载点

[[email protected] ~]# showmount -e 172.16.1.31
Export list for 172.16.1.31:
/data 172.16.1.0/24

[[email protected] ~]# showmount -e 172.16.1.41
Export list for 172.16.1.41:
/data 172.16.1.0/24

4）挂载前，要保证数据一致

[[email protected] ~]# scp -r /var/www/html/upload/ 172.16.1.31:/data  (输入的是root的密码）
[[email protected] ~]# chown -R www.www /data/

5）挂载nfs的服务端

[[email protected] ~]# mount -t nfs 172.16.1.31:/data /var/www/html/upload

七、backup实时同步nfs的data目录

编辑脚本

[[email protected] ~]# vim rsync.sh
#!/bin/bash

PATH='/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin'
H=`hostname`
I=`ifconfig eth1|awk 'NR==2{print $2}'`
D=`date +%F`
S=${H}_${I}_${D}
BD=/backup
export RSYNC_PASSWORD=123

mkdir -p ${BD}/${S}

tar zcf /backup/${S}/conf.tar.gz /etc/passwd &>/dev/null

md5sum /backup/${S}/conf.tar.gz  > /backup/res1.txt

find ${BD} -type d -mtime +7|xargs rm -fr
~                                          

[[email protected] ~]# vim rsync.sh
#!/bin/bash

PATH='/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin'
H=`hostname`
I=`ifconfig eth1|awk 'NR==2{print $2}'`
D=`date +%F`
S=${H}_${I}_${D}
BD=/backup
export RSYNC_PASSWORD=123

mkdir -p ${BD}/${S}

tar zcf /backup/${S}/conf.tar.gz /etc/passwd &>/dev/null

md5sum /backup/${S}/conf.tar.gz  > /backup/res2.txt

find ${BD} -type d -mtime +7|xargs rm -fr

八、定时任务并发邮件

1.服务端部署rsync，用于接收客户端推送过来的备份数据
2.服务端需要每天校验客户端推送过来的数据是否完整
3.服务端需要每天校验的结果通知给管理员

[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y mailx

#安装mailx
yum install -y mailx

#配置mail.rc
vim /etc/mail.rc

Shift + g

set [email protected]
set smtp=smtps://smtp.qq.com:465
set [email protected]
set smtp-auth-passwordyfwapjxcfwnobfhh
set smtp-auth=login
set ssl-verify=ignore
set nss-config-dir=/etc/pki/nssdb/

4.服务端仅保留6个月的备份数据,其余的全部删除 check_md5.sh

[[email protected] ~]# vim check_md5.sh 

#!/bin/bash
PATH='/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin'
H=`hostname`
I=`ifconfig eth1|awk 'NR==2{print $2}'`
D=`date +%F`
S=${H}_${I}_${D}
BD=/backup

md5sum -c /backup/res*.txt|mail -s "${D}：校验结果" [email protected]
find ${BD} -type d -mtime +180|xargs rm -fr
~                                               

编写定时任务：crontab -e

[[email protected] ~]# crontab -l
#校验结果 by:gjy at:20190807
01 00 * * * /bin/sh /root/check_md5.sh &>/dev/null

编辑定时任务

[[email protected] ~]# crontab -e

#每天凌晨备份重要数据 By:gjy  At:2019-08-07
00 00* * * /bin/sh /root/rsync.sh &>/dev/null
                                            

执行脚本

九、NFS服务端部署sersync实时同步（nfs）

1）安装sersync需要依赖rsync和inotify

[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y rsync inotify-tools

2）下载sersync

[[email protected] ~]# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wsgzao/sersync/master/sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz

3）部署sersync

? 源码包：解压 生成 编译 安装

? 解压：

[[email protected] ~]# tar xf sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz

4）移动并改名

[[email protected] ~]# mv GNU-Linux-x86 /usr/local/sersync

5）编辑配置文件

[[email protected] ~]# vim /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml
    <inotify>
        <delete start="true"/>
        <createFolder start="true"/>
        <createFile start="true"/>
        <closeWrite start="true"/>
        <moveFrom start="true"/>
        <moveTo start="true"/>
        <attrib start="true"/>
        <modify start="true"/>
    </inotify>
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    <sersync>
        #监控的目录,改成/data
        <localpath watch="/opt/tongbu">
            #推送的IP（backup服务的IP）172.16.1.41 ，name是模块名
            <remote ip="127.0.0.1" name="tongbu1"/>
            <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>-->
            <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>-->
        </localpath>
        <rsync>
            #执行rsync的参数改成 -az
            <commonParams params="-artuz"/>
            #虚拟用户的用户名和密码文件,开启认证start=true  rsync_backup    /etc/rsync.pass
            <auth start="false" users="root" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.pas"/>
            <userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 -->
            #设置超时时间
            <timeout start="true" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 -->
            <ssh start="false"/>
        </rsync>
        <failLog path="/tmp/rsync_fail_log.sh" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once-->
        <crontab start="false" schedule="600"><!--600mins-->
            <crontabfilter start="false">
                <exclude expression="*.php"></exclude>
                <exclude expression="info/*"></exclude>
            </crontabfilter>
        </crontab>
        <plugin start="false" name="command"/>
    </sersync>

#完整配置文件
[[email protected] ~]# cat /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<head version="2.5">
    <host hostip="localhost" port="8008"></host>
    <debug start="false"/>
    <fileSystem xfs="false"/>
    <filter start="false">
    <exclude expression="(.*)\.svn"></exclude>
    <exclude expression="(.*)\.gz"></exclude>
    <exclude expression="^info/*"></exclude>
    <exclude expression="^static/*"></exclude>
    </filter>
    <inotify>
    <delete start="true"/>
    <createFolder start="true"/>
    <createFile start="true"/>
    <closeWrite start="true"/>
    <moveFrom start="true"/>
    <moveTo start="true"/>
    <attrib start="true"/>
    <modify start="true"/>
    </inotify>

    <sersync>
    <localpath watch="/data">
        <remote ip="172.16.1.41" name="nfs"/>
        <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>-->
        <!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>-->
    </localpath>
    <rsync>
        <commonParams params="-az"/>
        <auth start="true" users="rsync_backup" passwordfile="/etc/rsync.pass"/>
        <userDefinedPort start="false" port="874"/><!-- port=874 -->
        <timeout start="true" time="100"/><!-- timeout=100 -->
        <ssh start="false"/>
    </rsync>
    <failLog path="/tmp/rsync_fail_log.sh" timeToExecute="60"/><!--default every 60mins execute once-->
    <crontab start="false" schedule="600"><!--600mins-->
        <crontabfilter start="false">
        <exclude expression="*.php"></exclude>
        <exclude expression="info/*"></exclude>
        </crontabfilter>
    </crontab>
    <plugin start="false" name="command"/>
    </sersync>

    <plugin name="command">
    <param prefix="/bin/sh" suffix="" ignoreError="true"/>  <!--prefix /opt/tongbu/mmm.sh suffix-->
    <filter start="false">
        <include expression="(.*)\.php"/>
        <include expression="(.*)\.sh"/>
    </filter>
    </plugin>

    <plugin name="socket">
    <localpath watch="/opt/tongbu">
        <deshost ip="192.168.138.20" port="8009"/>
    </localpath>
    </plugin>
    <plugin name="refreshCDN">
    <localpath watch="/data0/htdocs/cms.xoyo.com/site/">
        <cdninfo domainname="ccms.chinacache.com" port="80" username="xxxx" passwd="xxxx"/>
        <sendurl base="http://pic.xoyo.com/cms"/>
        <regexurl regex="false" match="cms.xoyo.com/site([/a-zA-Z0-9]*).xoyo.com/images"/>
    </localpath>
    </plugin>
</head>

6）创建虚拟用户的密码文件,并授权

[[email protected] sersync]# echo '123' > /etc/rsync.pass
[[email protected] sersync]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pass

7）查看帮助

[[email protected] sersync]# /usr/local/sersync/sersync2 -h
set the system param
execute：echo 50000000 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches
execute：echo 327679 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events
parse the command param
_______________________________________________________
参数-d:启用守护进程模式
参数-r:在监控前，将监控目录与远程主机用rsync命令推送一遍
c参数-n: 指定开启守护线程的数量，默认为10个
参数-o:指定配置文件，默认使用confxml.xml文件
参数-m:单独启用其他模块，使用 -m refreshCDN 开启刷新CDN模块
参数-m:单独启用其他模块，使用 -m socket 开启socket模块
参数-m:单独启用其他模块，使用 -m http 开启http模块
不加-m参数，则默认执行同步程序
________________________________________________________________

8）启动sersync

[[email protected] data]# /usr/local/sersync/sersync2 -rdo /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml

十、切换备胎backup（web01）

单点故障

1)编写脚本

[[email protected] ~]# vim nfs.sh
#!/bin/bash

check_nfs=`df -h|grep '/var/www/html/upload'|wc -l`
if [ $check_nfs -eq 0 ];then
        showmount -e 172.16.1.31 &>/dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                mount -t nfs 172.16.1.31:/data /var/www/html/upload
        else
                mount -t nfs 172.16.1.41:/data /var/www/html/upload
        fi
fi

2）. 查询当前挂载

[[email protected] ~]# df -h
Filesystem         Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3           19G  1.4G   18G   8% /
devtmpfs           476M     0  476M   0% /dev
tmpfs              487M     0  487M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs              487M  7.7M  479M   2% /run
tmpfs              487M     0  487M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1          497M  120M  378M  25% /boot
tmpfs               98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0
172.16.1.31:/data   19G  1.4G   18G   8% /var/www/html/upload

3）先卸载当前挂载

[[email protected] ~]# umount /var/www/html/upload

4)关闭172.16.31 的nfs-server服务

[[email protected] data]# systemctl stop nfs-server

5）开启172.16.41 的nfs-server服务

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start nfs-server

6)执行脚本并查看挂载

[[email protected] ~]# df -h
Filesystem         Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3           19G  1.4G   18G   8% /
devtmpfs           476M     0  476M   0% /dev
tmpfs              487M     0  487M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs              487M  7.7M  479M   2% /run
tmpfs              487M     0  487M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1          497M  120M  378M  25% /boot
tmpfs               98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0
172.16.1.41:/data   19G  1.4G   18G   8% /var/www/html/upload

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/gongjingyun123--/p/11324382.html