生成随机验证码
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter
_letter_cases = "abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxy" # 小写字母，去除可能干扰的i，l，o，z
_upper_cases = _letter_cases.upper() # 大写字母
_numbers = ‘‘.join(map(str, range(3, 10))) # 数字
init_chars = ‘‘.join((_letter_cases, _upper_cases, _numbers))
def create_validate_code(size=(120, 30),
chars=init_chars,
img_type="GIF",
mode="RGB",
bg_color=(255, 255, 255),
fg_color=(0, 0, 255),
font_size=18,
font_type="Monaco.ttf",
length=4,
draw_lines=True,
n_line=(1, 2),
draw_points=True,
point_chance=2):
"""
@todo: 生成验证码图片
@param size: 图片的大小，格式（宽，高），默认为(120, 30)
@param chars: 允许的字符集合，格式字符串
@param img_type: 图片保存的格式，默认为GIF，可选的为GIF，JPEG，TIFF，PNG
@param mode: 图片模式，默认为RGB
@param bg_color: 背景颜色，默认为白色
@param fg_color: 前景色，验证码字符颜色，默认为蓝色#0000FF
@param font_size: 验证码字体大小
@param font_type: 验证码字体，默认为 ae_AlArabiya.ttf
@param length: 验证码字符个数
@param draw_lines: 是否划干扰线
@param n_lines: 干扰线的条数范围，格式元组，默认为(1, 2)，只有draw_lines为True时有效
@param draw_points: 是否画干扰点
@param point_chance: 干扰点出现的概率，大小范围[0, 100]
@return: [0]: PIL Image实例
@return: [1]: 验证码图片中的字符串
"""
width, height = size # 宽高
# 创建图形
img = Image.new(mode, size, bg_color)
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # 创建画笔
def get_chars():
"""生成给定长度的字符串，返回列表格式"""
return random.sample(chars, length)
def create_lines():
"""绘制干扰线"""
line_num = random.randint(*n_line) # 干扰线条数
for i in range(line_num):
# 起始点
begin = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
# 结束点
end = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
draw.line([begin, end], fill=(0, 0, 0))
def create_points():
"""绘制干扰点"""
chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100]
for w in range(width):
for h in range(height):
tmp = random.randint(0, 100)
if tmp > 100 - chance:
draw.point((w, h), fill=(0, 0, 0))
def create_strs():
"""绘制验证码字符"""
c_chars = get_chars()
strs = ‘ %s ‘ % ‘ ‘.join(c_chars) # 每个字符前后以空格隔开
font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type, font_size)
font_width, font_height = font.getsize(strs)
draw.text(((width - font_width) / 3, (height - font_height) / 3),
strs, font=font, fill=fg_color)
return ‘‘.join(c_chars)
if draw_lines:
create_lines()
if draw_points:
create_points()
strs = create_strs()
# 图形扭曲参数
params = [1 - float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 100,
0,
0,
0,
1 - float(random.randint(1, 10)) / 100,
float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500,
0.001,
float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500
]
img = img.transform(size, Image.PERSPECTIVE, params) # 创建扭曲
img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) # 滤镜，边界加强（阈值更大）
return img, strs
应用到django项目中
整个验证码的流程如下
- 用户访问登录页面，你的后台程序在给用户返回登录页面时，同时生成了验证码图片
- 用户输入账户信息和验证码数字，提交表单
- 后台判断用户输入的验证码和你生成的图片信息是否一致，如果一致，就代表验证码是没有问题的
登录页面
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/plugins/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/plugins/font-awesome/css/font-awesome.css"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/edmure.css"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/commons.css"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/account.css"/>
<style>
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="login">
<div style="font-size: 25px; font-weight: bold;text-align: center;">
用户登陆
</div>
<form role="form" action="/login.html" method="POST">
{% csrf_token %}
<div class="form-group">
<label for="username">用户名</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" placeholder="请输入用户名">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="password">密码</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="password" placeholder="请输入密码">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="password">验证码</label>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xs-7">
<input type="text" name="check_code" class="form-control" id="password" placeholder="请输入验证码">
</div>
<div class="col-xs-5">
<img src="/check_code.html" onclick="changeCheckcode(this)">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox"> 一个月内自动登陆
</label>
<div class="right">
<a href="#">忘记密码？</a>
</div>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">登 陆</button>
</form>
</div>
<script>
function changeCheckcode(ths){
ths.src = ths.src + ‘?‘;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
验证码通过html的img返回，绑定事件，点击验证码刷新图片
生成验证码views.py
from utils.check_code import create_validate_code
from io import BytesIO
def check_code(request):
"""
验证码
:param request:
:return:
"""
stream = BytesIO()
img, code = create_validate_code()
img.save(stream, ‘PNG‘)
request.session[‘CheckCode‘] = code
return HttpResponse(stream.getvalue())
登录验证
def login(request):
"""
登陆
:param request:
:return:
"""
if request.method == "POST":
print(request.session[‘CheckCode‘].upper())
print(request.POST.get(‘check_code‘).upper())
if request.session[‘CheckCode‘].upper() == request.POST.get(‘check_code‘).upper():
print(‘ok‘)
else:
print(‘验证码错误‘)
return render(request, ‘login.html‘)
编辑框
http://www.cnblogs.com/wupeiqi/articles/6307554.html
时间： 2024-10-23 12:57:55