1、参考文档:
http://www.elasticsearch.org/guide/en/elasticsearch/hadoop/current/configuration.html
http://www.elasticsearch.org/guide/en/elasticsearch/hadoop/current/mapreduce.html#_emphasis_old_emphasis_literal_org_apache_hadoop_mapred_literal_api
2、Mapreduce相关配置
//以下ES配置主要是提供给ES的Format类进行读取使用
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
conf.set(ConfigurationOptions.ES_NODES, "127.0.0.1");
conf.set(ConfigurationOptions.ES_PORT, "9200");
conf.set(ConfigurationOptions.ES_INDEX_AUTO_CREATE, "yes");
//设置读取和写入的资源index/type
conf.set(ConfigurationOptions.ES_RESOURCE, "helloes/demo"); //read Target index/type
//假如只是想检索部分数据，可以配置ES_QUERY
//conf.set(ConfigurationOptions.ES_QUERY, "?q=me*");
//配置Elasticsearch为hadoop开发的format等
Job job = Job.getInstance(conf,ElasticsearchIndexMapper.class.getSimpleName());
job.setJarByClass(ElasticsearchIndexBuilder.class);
job.setSpeculativeExecution(false);//Disable speculative execution
job.setInputFormatClass(EsInputFormat.class);
//假如数据输出到HDFS，指定Map的输出Value的格式。并且选择Text格式
job.setOutputFormatClass(TextOutputFormat.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(Text.class);
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(NullWritable.class);
//如果选择输入到ES
job.setOutputFormatClass(EsOutputFormat.class);//输出到
job.setMapOutputValueClass(LinkedMapWritable.class);//输出的数值类
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class); //输出的Key值类
job.setMapperClass(ElasticsearchIndexMapper.class);
FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path("hdfs://localhost:9000/es_input"));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path("hdfs://localhost:9000/es_output"));
job.setNumReduceTasks(0);
job.waitForCompletion(true);
3、对应的Mapper类ElasticsearchIndexMapper
public class ElasticsearchIndexMapper extends Mapper {
@Override
protected void map(Object key, Object value, Context context)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
//假如我这边只是想导出数据到HDFS
LinkedMapWritable doc = (LinkedMapWritable) value;
Text docVal = new Text();
docVal.set(doc.toString());
context.write(NullWritable.get(), docVal);
}
}
4、小结
hadoop-ES读写最主要的就是ESInputFormat、ESOutputFormat的参数配置（Configuration）。
另外 其它数据源操作（Mysql等）也是类似，找到对应的InputFormat，OutputFormat配置上环境参数。