MySQl Study学习之--MySQl二进制日志管理
MySQL二进制日志(Binary Log):
a、它包含的内容及作用如下：
包含了所有更新了数据或者已经潜在更新了数据(比如没有匹配任何行的一个DELETE)
包含关于每个更新数据库(DML)的语句的执行时间信息
不包含没有修改任何数据的语句，如果需要启用该选项，需要开启通用日志功能
主要目的是尽可能的将数据库恢复到数据库故障点，因为二进制日志包含备份后进行的所有更新
用于在主复制服务器上记录所有将发送给从服务器的语句
启用该选项数据库性能降低1%，但保障数据库完整性，对于重要数据库值得以性能换完整。有些类似于Oracle开启归档模式。
b、开启二进制日志的方法及属性
使用--log-bin[=file_name]选项或在配置文件中指定log-bin启动时，mysqld写入包含所有更新数据的SQL命令的日志文件。
对于未给出file_name值，默认名为-bin后面所跟的主机名。
在未指定绝对路径的情形下，缺省位置保存在数据目录下。
每个二进制日志名会添加一个数字扩展名用于日志老化，因此不支持自定义的扩展名，会被mysql数字扩展名动态替换。
若当前的日志大小达到max_binlog_size，则自动创建新的二进制日志。
对于大的事务，二进制日志会超过max_binlog_size设定的值。也即是事务仅仅写入一个二进制日志。
由是可知，二进制日志文件大小接近，其size不是完全相等，这点不同于oracle。
二进制日志文件会有一个对应二进制日志索引文件，该文件包含所有的二进制日志，其文件名与二进制日志相同，扩展名为.index
二进制索引文件通过--log-bin-index[=file_name]选项来指定
RESETMASTER语句将删除所有二进制日志文件，这将影响到从库。也可以用PURGE MASTER LOGS只删除部分二进制文件。
二进制日志记录了所有对数据库执行更改的操作，二进制主要有以下两种作用：
1、恢复（recovery）2、复制（replication）
二进制日志的启动：配置参数log-bin[=name]，如果不指定name，则默认二进制日志文件名为主机名，后缀名为二级制日志的序列号，所在路径为数据库所在目录。
以index为后缀的文件为二进制日志的索引文件，用来存储过程生产的二进制日志。
和二进制日志相关的参数：
max_binlog_size、binlog_cache_size、sync_binlog、binlog-do-db、binlog-ignore-db、log-slave-update、binlog_format
1、max_binlog_size，该参数指定了单个二进制日志文件的最大值，如果超过该值，则产生新的二进制日志文件，后缀名+1，并记录到.index文件，从Mysql5.0开始的默认值为1073741824，代表1G。
Mysql5.5的默认值
mysql> show variables like ‘%max_binlog%‘; +----------------------------+----------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------------+----------------------+ | max_binlog_cache_size | 18446744073709547520 | | max_binlog_size | 1073741824 | | max_binlog_stmt_cache_size | 18446744073709547520 | +----------------------------+----------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
当使用事务的存储引擎InnoDB时，所有未提交的事务会记录到一个缓存中，等待事务提交时，直接将缓冲中的二进制日志写入二进制日志文件，而该缓冲的大小由binlog_cache_size决定，默认大小为32KB，此外，binlog_cache_size是基于session的，也就是，当一个线程开始一个事务时，mysql会自动分配一个大小为binlog_cache_size的缓存，因此该值得设置需要相当小心，可以通过show global status 查看binlog_cache_use、binlog_cache_disk_use的状态，可以判断当前binlog_cache_size的设置是否合适。
2、Binlog_cache_size的默认大小为32KB
mysql> show variables like ‘binlog_cache%‘; +-------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-------------------+-------+ | binlog_cache_size | 32768 | +-------------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
3、参数sync_binlog=[N]表示每写缓存多少次就同步到磁盘，如果将N设置为1，则表示采用同步写磁盘的方式来写二进制日志，该参数很重要，这个以后还会提到。值得注意的是，在将该参数设置为1时，也应该将innodb_support_xa设为1来解决，这可以确保二进制日志和InnoDB存储引擎数据文件的同步。
4、参数binlog-do-db和binlog-ignore-db表示需要写入或者忽略写入哪些库的日志，默认值为空，则表示将所有库的日志同步到二进制日志。
5、Log-slave-update该参数在搭建master=>slave=>slave的架构时，需要配置。
6、Binlog_format参数也特别重要。从mysql5.1版本开始引入这个参数，该参数可以设置的值有STATEMENT\、ROW、MIXED；
（1）STATEMENT格式和之前的mysql版本一样，二进制日志文件记录的是日志的逻辑SQL语句。
（2）在ROW格式下，二进制日志记录的不再是简单的SQL语句了，而是记录表的行更改情况，此时可以将InnoDB的事务隔离基本设为READ COMMITTED，以获得更好的并发性。
（3）MIXED格式下，mysql默认采用的STATEMENT格式进行二进制日志文件的记录，但是在一些情况下会使用ROW格式，可能的情况包括：
1）表的存储引擎为NDB，这时对于表的DML操作都会以ROW格式记录
2）使用了UUID()、USER()、CURRENT_USER()、FOUND_ROWS()、ROW_COUNT()等不确定函数
3）使用了INSERT DELAY语句
4）使用了用户定义函数
5）使用了临时表
案例分析：
1、二进制日志存放位置
[[email protected] ~]# more /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql
mysql> show variables like ‘%datadir%‘;
+---------------+------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+------------------------------+
| datadir | /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/ |
+---------------+------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
查看日志信息：
[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/ [[email protected] mysql]# ls -l total 29928 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 56 Jun 30 17:12 auto.cnf -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 Jul 8 15:17 ibdata1 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Jul 8 15:17 ib_logfile0 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Jun 30 17:12 ib_logfile1 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 124 Jul 8 15:17 master.info drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 17:15 mysql -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000001 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 63438 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000002 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1096670 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000003 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 252 Jun 30 17:26 mysql-bin.000004 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jun 30 17:40 mysql-bin.000005 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 133 Jun 30 17:51 mysql-bin.000006 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jun 30 17:56 mysql-bin.000007 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jul 8 15:17 mysql-bin.000008 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 157 Jul 8 15:18 mysql-bin.000009 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 157 Jul 8 15:20 mysql-bin.000010 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jul 8 15:20 mysql-bin.000011 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 209 Jul 8 15:20 mysql-bin.index -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 24920 Jul 8 15:21 mysrv.err -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5 Jul 8 15:17 mysrv.pid -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 163 Jul 8 15:18 mysrv-relay-bin.000003 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 163 Jul 8 15:20 mysrv-relay-bin.000004 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jul 8 15:20 mysrv-relay-bin.000005 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 75 Jul 8 15:20 mysrv-relay-bin.index drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 17:15 performance_schema drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 18:15 prod -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 58 Jul 8 15:20 relay-log.info drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 17:15 test
2、执行flush logs产生新的二进制日志：
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000011 | 114 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush logs;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
[[email protected] mysql]# ls -l total 29936 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 56 Jun 30 17:12 auto.cnf -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 Jul 8 15:17 ibdata1 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Jul 8 15:17 ib_logfile0 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Jun 30 17:12 ib_logfile1 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 124 Jul 8 15:17 master.info drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 17:15 mysql -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000001 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 63438 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000002 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1096670 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000003 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 252 Jun 30 17:26 mysql-bin.000004 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jun 30 17:40 mysql-bin.000005 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 133 Jun 30 17:51 mysql-bin.000006 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jun 30 17:56 mysql-bin.000007 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jul 8 15:17 mysql-bin.000008 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 157 Jul 8 15:18 mysql-bin.000009 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 157 Jul 8 15:20 mysql-bin.000010 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 157 Jul 8 15:24 mysql-bin.000011 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jul 8 15:24 mysql-bin.000012 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 228 Jul 8 15:24 mysql-bin.index -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 25322 Jul 8 15:24 mysrv.err -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5 Jul 8 15:17 mysrv.pid -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 163 Jul 8 15:18 mysrv-relay-bin.000003 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 163 Jul 8 15:20 mysrv-relay-bin.000004 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 163 Jul 8 15:24 mysrv-relay-bin.000005 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jul 8 15:24 mysrv-relay-bin.000006 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 100 Jul 8 15:24 mysrv-relay-bin.index drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 17:15 performance_schema drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 18:15 prod -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 58 Jul 8 15:24 relay-log.info drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 17:15 test
[[email protected] ~]# mysqladmin flush-logs -u root -p
Enter password:
[[email protected] mysql]# ls -l total 29944 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 56 Jun 30 17:12 auto.cnf -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 Jul 8 15:17 ibdata1 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Jul 8 15:17 ib_logfile0 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Jun 30 17:12 ib_logfile1 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 124 Jul 8 15:17 master.info drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 17:15 mysql -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000001 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 63438 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000002 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1096670 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000003 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 252 Jun 30 17:26 mysql-bin.000004 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jun 30 17:40 mysql-bin.000005 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 133 Jun 30 17:51 mysql-bin.000006 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jun 30 17:56 mysql-bin.000007 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jul 8 15:17 mysql-bin.000008 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 157 Jul 8 15:18 mysql-bin.000009 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 157 Jul 8 15:20 mysql-bin.000010 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 157 Jul 8 15:24 mysql-bin.000011 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 157 Jul 8 15:34 mysql-bin.000012 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jul 8 15:34 mysql-bin.000013 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 247 Jul 8 15:34 mysql-bin.index -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 26536 Jul 8 15:34 mysrv.err -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5 Jul 8 15:17 mysrv.pid -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 163 Jul 8 15:18 mysrv-relay-bin.000003 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 163 Jul 8 15:20 mysrv-relay-bin.000004 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 163 Jul 8 15:24 mysrv-relay-bin.000005 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 163 Jul 8 15:34 mysrv-relay-bin.000006 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jul 8 15:34 mysrv-relay-bin.000007 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 125 Jul 8 15:34 mysrv-relay-bin.index drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 17:15 performance_schema drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 18:15 prod -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 58 Jul 8 15:34 relay-log.info drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 17:15 test
[[email protected] ~]# mysqladmin refresh -u root -p
Enter password:
[[email protected] mysql]# ls -l total 29952 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 56 Jun 30 17:12 auto.cnf -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 Jul 8 15:17 ibdata1 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Jul 8 15:17 ib_logfile0 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Jun 30 17:12 ib_logfile1 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 124 Jul 8 15:17 master.info drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 17:15 mysql -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000001 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 63438 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000002 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1096670 Jun 30 17:15 mysql-bin.000003 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 252 Jun 30 17:26 mysql-bin.000004 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jun 30 17:40 mysql-bin.000005 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 133 Jun 30 17:51 mysql-bin.000006 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jun 30 17:56 mysql-bin.000007 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jul 8 15:17 mysql-bin.000008 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 157 Jul 8 15:18 mysql-bin.000009 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 157 Jul 8 15:20 mysql-bin.000010 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 157 Jul 8 15:24 mysql-bin.000011 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 157 Jul 8 15:34 mysql-bin.000012 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 157 Jul 8 15:36 mysql-bin.000013 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jul 8 15:36 mysql-bin.000014 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 266 Jul 8 15:36 mysql-bin.index -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 26671 Jul 8 15:35 mysrv.err -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5 Jul 8 15:17 mysrv.pid -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 163 Jul 8 15:18 mysrv-relay-bin.000003 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 163 Jul 8 15:20 mysrv-relay-bin.000004 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 163 Jul 8 15:24 mysrv-relay-bin.000005 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 163 Jul 8 15:34 mysrv-relay-bin.000006 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 163 Jul 8 15:36 mysrv-relay-bin.000007 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 114 Jul 8 15:36 mysrv-relay-bin.000008 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 150 Jul 8 15:36 mysrv-relay-bin.index drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 17:15 performance_schema drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 18:15 prod -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 58 Jul 8 15:36 relay-log.info drwx--S--- 2 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 30 17:15 test [[email protected] mysql]# cat mysql-bin.index
./mysql-bin.000001
./mysql-bin.000002
./mysql-bin.000003
./mysql-bin.000004
./mysql-bin.000005
./mysql-bin.000006
./mysql-bin.000007
./mysql-bin.000008
./mysql-bin.000009
./mysql-bin.000010
./mysql-bin.000011
./mysql-bin.000012
./mysql-bin.000013
./mysql-bin.000014
[[email protected] mysql]#
3、查看和日志相关的参数：
mysql> show variables like ‘%log%‘; +-----------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-----------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+ | back_log | 50 | | binlog_cache_size | 32768 | | binlog_checksum | NONE | | binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates | OFF | | binlog_format | MIXED | | binlog_row_image | FULL | | binlog_rows_query_log_events | OFF | | binlog_stmt_cache_size | 32768 | | expire_logs_days | 0 | | general_log | OFF | | general_log_file | /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/mysrv.log | | innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit | 1 | | innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog | OFF | | innodb_log_buffer_size | 8388608 | | innodb_log_file_size | 5242880 | | innodb_log_files_in_group | 2 | | innodb_log_group_home_dir | ./ | | innodb_mirrored_log_groups | 1 | | innodb_undo_logs | 128 | | log_bin | ON | | log_bin_basename | /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/mysql-bin | | log_bin_index | /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/mysql-bin.index | | log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF | | log_error | /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/mysrv.err | | log_output | FILE | | log_queries_not_using_indexes | OFF | | log_slave_updates | OFF | | log_warnings | 1 | | max_binlog_cache_size | 18446744073709547520 | | max_binlog_size | 1073741824 | | max_binlog_stmt_cache_size | 18446744073709547520 | | max_relay_log_size | 0 | | relay_log | | | relay_log_basename | | | relay_log_index | | | relay_log_info_file | relay-log.info | | relay_log_info_repository | FILE | | relay_log_purge | ON | | relay_log_recovery | OFF | | relay_log_space_limit | 0 | | slow_query_log | OFF | | slow_query_log_file | /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/mysrv-slow.log | | sql_log_bin | ON | | sql_log_off | OFF | | sync_binlog | 0 | | sync_relay_log | 0 | | sync_relay_log_info | 0 | +-----------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+ 47 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql 二进制日志应用案例：
事务操作，生成二进制日志：
mysql> use prod; Database changed mysql> show tables; +----------------+ | Tables_in_prod | +----------------+ | t1 | +----------------+ 1 row in set (0.02 sec) mysql> select * from t1; +------+-------+ | id | name | +------+-------+ | 1 | tom | | 2 | scott | | 3 | jerry | +------+-------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into t1 values (4,‘rose‘); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec) mysql> commit; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
查看二进制日志内容：
[[email protected] mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000014 /*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/; /*!50003 SET @[email protected]@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/; DELIMITER /*!*/; # at 4 #150708 15:36:17 server id 2 end_log_pos 114 Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.6.4-m7-log created 150708 15:36:17 # Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly. BINLOG ‘ 8dKcVQ8CAAAAbgAAAHIAAAABAAQANS42LjQtbTctbG9nAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAVgAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAAANxYJ/w= ‘/*!*/; # at 114 #150708 15:39:44 server id 2 end_log_pos 189 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1436341184/*!*/; SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=5/*!*/; SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/; SET @@session.sql_mode=0/*!*/; SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/; /*!\C utf8 *//*!*/; SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/; SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/; SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 189 #150708 15:39:44 server id 2 end_log_pos 291 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0 use prod/*!*/; SET TIMESTAMP=1436341184/*!*/; insert into t1 values (4,‘rose‘) /*!*/; # at 291 #150708 15:39:44 server id 2 end_log_pos 318 Xid = 23 COMMIT/*!*/; DELIMITER ; # End of log file ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */; /*!50003 SET [email protected]_COMPLETION_TYPE*/; mysql> insert into t1 values (5,‘john‘); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) mysql> commit; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) [[email protected] mysql]# strings mysql-bin.000014 5.6.4-m7-log prod prod BEGIN prod prod insert into t1 values (4,‘rose‘) prod prod BEGINw prod prod insert into t1 values (5,‘john‘)w [[email protected] mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000014 /*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/; /*!50003 SET @[email protected]@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/; DELIMITER /*!*/; # at 4 #150708 15:36:17 server id 2 end_log_pos 114 Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.6.4-m7-log created 150708 15:36:17 # Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly. BINLOG ‘ 8dKcVQ8CAAAAbgAAAHIAAAABAAQANS42LjQtbTctbG9nAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAVgAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAAANxYJ/w= ‘/*!*/; # at 114 #150708 15:39:44 server id 2 end_log_pos 189 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1436341184/*!*/; SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=5/*!*/; SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/; SET @@session.sql_mode=0/*!*/; SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/; /*!\C utf8 *//*!*/; SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/; SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/; SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 189 #150708 15:39:44 server id 2 end_log_pos 291 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0 use prod/*!*/; SET TIMESTAMP=1436341184/*!*/; insert into t1 values (4,‘rose‘) /*!*/; # at 291 #150708 15:39:44 server id 2 end_log_pos 318 Xid = 23 COMMIT/*!*/; # at 318 #150708 15:42:47 server id 2 end_log_pos 393 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1436341367/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 393 #150708 15:42:47 server id 2 end_log_pos 495 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1436341367/*!*/; insert into t1 values (5,‘john‘) /*!*/; # at 495 #150708 15:42:47 server id 2 end_log_pos 522 Xid = 25 COMMIT/*!*/; DELIMITER ; # End of log file ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */; /*!50003 SET [email protected]_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
查看日志事件：
mysql> show binary logs; +------------------+-----------+ | Log_name | File_size | +------------------+-----------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 114 | | mysql-bin.000002 | 63438 | | mysql-bin.000003 | 1096670 | | mysql-bin.000004 | 252 | | mysql-bin.000005 | 114 | | mysql-bin.000006 | 133 | | mysql-bin.000007 | 114 | | mysql-bin.000008 | 114 | | mysql-bin.000009 | 157 | | mysql-bin.000010 | 157 | | mysql-bin.000011 | 157 | | mysql-bin.000012 | 157 | | mysql-bin.000013 | 157 | | mysql-bin.000014 | 522 | +------------------+-----------+ 14 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show binlog events; +------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-----------------------------------------+ | Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info | +------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-----------------------------------------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 114 | Server ver: 5.6.4-m7-log, Binlog ver: 4 | +------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+-----------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.06 sec) mysql> show binlog events in ‘mysql-bin.000014‘; +------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------+ | Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info | +------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------+ | mysql-bin.000014 | 4 | Format_desc | 2 | 114 | Server ver: 5.6.4-m7-log, Binlog ver: 4 | | mysql-bin.000014 | 114 | Query | 2 | 189 | BEGIN | | mysql-bin.000014 | 189 | Query | 2 | 291 | use `prod`; insert into t1 values (4,‘rose‘) | | mysql-bin.000014 | 291 | Xid | 2 | 318 | COMMIT /* xid=23 */ | | mysql-bin.000014 | 318 | Query | 2 | 393 | BEGIN | | mysql-bin.000014 | 393 | Query | 2 | 495 | use `prod`; insert into t1 values (5,‘john‘) | | mysql-bin.000014 | 495 | Xid | 2 | 522 | COMMIT /* xid=25 */ | +------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
恢复案例：
1、模拟数据环境
mysql> select * from t1; +------+-------+ | id | name | +------+-------+ | 1 | tom | | 2 | scott | | 3 | jerry | | 4 | rose | | 5 | john | +------+-------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> delete from t1; Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> commit; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from t1; Empty set (0.00 sec)
通过二进制日志恢复：
dump日志文件：
[[email protected] mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000014 >/home/mysql/log14.txt
[[email protected] mysql]# cat log14.txt
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
/*!50003 SET @[email protected]@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#150708 15:36:17 server id 2 end_log_pos 114 Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.6.4-m7-log created 150708 15:36:17
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
BINLOG ‘
8dKcVQ8CAAAAbgAAAHIAAAABAAQANS42LjQtbTctbG9nAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAVgAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAAANxYJ/w=
‘/*!*/;
# at 114
#150708 15:39:44 server id 2 end_log_pos 189 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1436341184/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=5/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 189
#150708 15:39:44 server id 2 end_log_pos 291 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0
use prod/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1436341184/*!*/;
insert into t1 values (4,‘rose‘)
/*!*/;
# at 291
#150708 15:39:44 server id 2 end_log_pos 318 Xid = 23
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 318
#150708 15:42:47 server id 2 end_log_pos 393 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1436341367/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 393
#150708 15:42:47 server id 2 end_log_pos 495 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1436341367/*!*/;
insert into t1 values (5,‘john‘)
/*!*/;
# at 495
#150708 15:42:47 server id 2 end_log_pos 522 Xid = 25
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 522
#150708 15:56:57 server id 2 end_log_pos 597 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1436342217/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 597 ;;日志记录操作事件编号
#150708 15:56:57 server id 2 end_log_pos 681 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1436342217/*!*/;
delete from t1
/*!*/;
# at 681
#150708 15:56:57 server id 2 end_log_pos 708 Xid = 31
COMMIT/*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
/*!50003 SET [email protected]OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
[[email protected] mysql]#
将数据恢复到delete操作之前（编号：597）：
[[email protected] mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000014 --stop-pos=597 |mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 4 | rose |
| 5 | john |
+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
---通过日志恢复了两行数据，其余数据恢复略 ！