但是不知道如何设置。

【解决过程】

1.从Working with Excel Files in Python 找到官网的：The xlwt Module，无果。

2.参考：

XLWT : Changing the Cell Background Color

试了其代码：

badBG = xlwt.Pattern()

badBG.SOLID_PATTERN = 0x34

badBG.NO_PATTERN = 0x34

badBG.pattern_fore_colour = 0x34

badBG.pattern_back_colour = 0x34

badFontStyle = xlwt.XFStyle()

badFontStyle.Pattern = badBG

sheet1.write(1,1,‘hello world‘, badFontStyle)

未果。

不过后来才知道，下面的代码：

badBG = xlwt.Pattern()

badBG.pattern = badBG.SOLID_PATTERN

badBG.pattern_fore_colour = 3

badFontStyle = xlwt.XFStyle()

badFontStyle.pattern = badBG

是可以设置背景色的。

但是很有限制。

而且对应的3是Green的意思，也是后来才知道的。

3.后来

是从

python xlwt set custom background colour of a cell

中，试了试其所用的代码：

1	`style1` `=` `xlwt.easyxf(‘pattern: pattern solid, fore_colour red;‘)`

最终，经过测试，改为自己所需的代码的：

import xlwt;

#styleBlueBkg = xlwt.easyxf(‘font: color-index red, bold on‘);

#styleBlueBkg = xlwt.easyxf(‘font: background-color-index red, bold on‘);

#styleBlueBkg = xlwt.easyxf(‘pattern: pattern solid, fore_colour red;‘);

#styleBlueBkg = xlwt.easyxf(‘pattern: pattern solid, fore_colour blue;‘);

#styleBlueBkg = xlwt.easyxf(‘pattern: pattern solid, fore_colour light_blue;‘);

#styleBlueBkg = xlwt.easyxf(‘pattern: pattern solid, fore_colour pale_blue;‘);

#styleBlueBkg = xlwt.easyxf(‘pattern: pattern solid, fore_colour dark_blue;‘);

#styleBlueBkg = xlwt.easyxf(‘pattern: pattern solid, fore_colour dark_blue_ega;‘);

#styleBlueBkg = xlwt.easyxf(‘pattern: pattern solid, fore_colour ice_blue;‘);

styleBlueBkg = xlwt.easyxf(‘pattern: pattern solid, fore_colour ocean_blue; font: bold on;‘); # 80% like

#styleBlueBkg = xlwt.easyxf(‘pattern: pattern solid, fore_colour sky_blue;‘);

#blueBkgFontStyle = xlwt.XFStyle()

#blueBkgFontStyle.Pattern = blueBackgroundPattern;

#styleBlueBkg = blueBkgFontStyle;

styleBold = xlwt.easyxf(‘font: bold on‘);

wb = xlwt.Workbook();

ws = wb.add_sheet(‘realPropertyInfo‘);

ws.write(0, 0, "Sequence", styleBlueBkg);

ws.write(0, 1, "MapID", styleBlueBkg);

ws.write(0, 2, "Owner1", styleBold);

ws.write(0, 3, "Owner2", styleBold);

wb.save(excelFilename);

对应的，上述颜色的选择，可以参考这里：

https://secure.simplistix.co.uk/svn/xlwt/trunk/xlwt/Style.py

摘录如下：

# Text values for colour indices. "grey" is a synonym of "gray".

# The names are those given by Microsoft Excel 2003 to the colours

# in the default palette. There is no great correspondence with

# any W3C name-to-RGB mapping.

_colour_map_text = """\

aqua 0x31

black 0x08

blue 0x0C

blue_gray 0x36

bright_green 0x0B

brown 0x3C

coral 0x1D

cyan_ega 0x0F

dark_blue 0x12

dark_blue_ega 0x12

dark_green 0x3A

dark_green_ega 0x11

dark_purple 0x1C

dark_red 0x10

dark_red_ega 0x10

dark_teal 0x38

dark_yellow 0x13

gold 0x33

gray_ega 0x17

gray25 0x16

gray40 0x37

gray50 0x17

gray80 0x3F

green 0x11

ice_blue 0x1F

indigo 0x3E

ivory 0x1A

lavender 0x2E

light_blue 0x30

light_green 0x2A

light_orange 0x34

light_turquoise 0x29

light_yellow 0x2B

lime 0x32

magenta_ega 0x0E

ocean_blue 0x1E

olive_ega 0x13

olive_green 0x3B

orange 0x35

pale_blue 0x2C

periwinkle 0x18

pink 0x0E

plum 0x3D

purple_ega 0x14

red 0x0A

rose 0x2D

sea_green 0x39

silver_ega 0x16

sky_blue 0x28

tan 0x2F

teal 0x15

teal_ega 0x15

turquoise 0x0F

violet 0x14

white 0x09

yellow 0x0D"""

4.后来才发现，其实，上述的方法，就是前面在

Setting the Background Color of a Cell

所介绍的内容：

import xlwt

workbook = xlwt.Workbook()

worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘)

pattern = xlwt.Pattern() # Create the Pattern

pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x12

pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 5 # May be: 8 through 63. 0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on...

style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Pattern

style.pattern = pattern # Add Pattern to Style

worksheet.write(0, 0, ‘Cell Contents‘, style)

workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)

只是当时觉得太繁琐，没有自己看而已。

【总结】

如上代码所示：

可以通过xlwt.Pattern()然后得到pattern，设置pattern_fore_colour即可，但是颜色选择很有限。
也可以通过更方便的：

xlwt.easyxf(‘pattern: pattern solid, fore_colour ocean_blue; font: bold on;’);
去设置背景色。

python xlwt写excel格式控制颜色、模式、编码、背景色

关于写excel的格式控制，比如颜色等等

 1 import xlwt
 2 from datetime import datetime
 3
 4 font0 = xlwt.Font()
 5 font0.name = ‘Times New Roman‘
 6 font0.colour_index = 2
 7 font0.bold = True
 8
 9 style0 = xlwt.XFStyle()
10 style0.font = font0
11
12 style1 = xlwt.XFStyle()
13 style1.num_format_str = ‘D-MMM-YY‘
14
15 wb = xlwt.Workbook()
16 ws = wb.add_sheet(‘A Test Sheet‘)
17
18 ws.write(0, 0, ‘Test‘, style0)
19 ws.write(1, 0, datetime.now(), style1)
20 ws.write(2, 0, 1)
21 ws.write(2, 1, 1)
22 ws.write(2, 2, xlwt.Formula("A3+B3"))
23
24 wb.save(‘example.xls‘)

Examples Generating Excel Documents Using Python’s xlwt

Here are some simple examples using Python’s xlwt library to dynamically generate Excel documents.

Please note a useful alternative may be ezodf, which allows you to generate ODS (Open Document Spreadsheet) files for LibreOffice / OpenOffice. You can check them out at:http://packages.python.org/ezodf/index.html

The Simplest Example
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = ‘ascii‘) worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Worksheet‘) worksheet.write(0, 0, label = ‘Row 0, Column 0 Value‘) workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)

Formatting the Contents of a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = ‘ascii‘) worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Worksheet‘) font = xlwt.Font() # Create the Font font.name = ‘Times New Roman‘ font.bold = True font.underline = True font.italic = True style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Style style.font = font # Apply the Font to the Style worksheet.write(0, 0, label = ‘Unformatted value‘) worksheet.write(1, 0, label = ‘Formatted value‘, style) # Apply the Style to the Cell workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)

Attributes of the Font Object
font.bold = True # May be: True, False font.italic = True # May be: True, False font.struck_out = True # May be: True, False font.underline = xlwt.Font.UNDERLINE_SINGLE # May be: UNDERLINE_NONE, UNDERLINE_SINGLE, UNDERLINE_SINGLE_ACC, UNDERLINE_DOUBLE, UNDERLINE_DOUBLE_ACC font.escapement = xlwt.Font.ESCAPEMENT_SUPERSCRIPT # May be: ESCAPEMENT_NONE, ESCAPEMENT_SUPERSCRIPT, ESCAPEMENT_SUBSCRIPT font.family = xlwt.Font.FAMILY_ROMAN # May be: FAMILY_NONE, FAMILY_ROMAN, FAMILY_SWISS, FAMILY_MODERN, FAMILY_SCRIPT, FAMILY_DECORATIVE font.charset = xlwt.Font.CHARSET_ANSI_LATIN # May be: CHARSET_ANSI_LATIN, CHARSET_SYS_DEFAULT, CHARSET_SYMBOL, CHARSET_APPLE_ROMAN, CHARSET_ANSI_JAP_SHIFT_JIS, CHARSET_ANSI_KOR_HANGUL, CHARSET_ANSI_KOR_JOHAB, CHARSET_ANSI_CHINESE_GBK, CHARSET_ANSI_CHINESE_BIG5, CHARSET_ANSI_GREEK, CHARSET_ANSI_TURKISH, CHARSET_ANSI_VIETNAMESE, CHARSET_ANSI_HEBREW, CHARSET_ANSI_ARABIC, CHARSET_ANSI_BALTIC, CHARSET_ANSI_CYRILLIC, CHARSET_ANSI_THAI, CHARSET_ANSI_LATIN_II, CHARSET_OEM_LATIN_I font.colour_index = ? font.get_biff_record = ? font.height = 0x00C8 # C8 in Hex (in decimal) = 10 points in height. font.name = ? font.outline = ? font.shadow = ?

Setting the Width of a Cell
import xltw workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘) worksheet.write(0, 0, ‘My Cell Contents‘) worksheet.col(0).width = 3333 # 3333 = 1" (one inch). workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)

Entering a Date into a Cell
import xlwt import datetime workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘) style = xlwt.XFStyle() style.num_format_str = ‘M/D/YY‘ # Other options: D-MMM-YY, D-MMM, MMM-YY, h:mm, h:mm:ss, h:mm, h:mm:ss, M/D/YY h:mm, mm:ss, [h]:mm:ss, mm:ss.0 worksheet.write(0, 0, datetime.datetime.now(), style) workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)

Adding a Formula to a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘) worksheet.write(0, 0, 5) # Outputs 5 worksheet.write(0, 1, 2) # Outputs 2 worksheet.write(1, 0, xlwt.Formula(‘A1*B1‘)) # Should output "10" (A1[5] * A2[2]) worksheet.write(1, 1, xlwt.Formula(‘SUM(A1,B1)‘)) # Should output "7" (A1[5] + A2[2]) workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)

Adding a Hyperlink to a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘) worksheet.write(0, 0, xlwt.Formula(‘HYPERLINK("http://www.google.com";"Google")‘)) # Outputs the text "Google" linking to http://www.google.com workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)

Merging Columns and Rows
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘) worksheet.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 3, ‘First Merge‘) # Merges row 0‘s columns 0 through 3. font = xlwt.Font() # Create Font font.bold = True # Set font to Bold style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style style.font = font # Add Bold Font to Style worksheet.write_merge(1, 2, 0, 3, ‘Second Merge‘, style) # Merges row 1 through 2‘s columns 0 through 3. workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)

Setting the Alignment for the Contents of a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘) alignment = xlwt.Alignment() # Create Alignment alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER # May be: HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED, HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTED alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER # May be: VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTED style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style style.alignment = alignment # Add Alignment to Style worksheet.write(0, 0, ‘Cell Contents‘, style) workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)

Adding Borders to a Cell
# Please note: While I was able to find these constants within the source code, on my system (using LibreOffice,) I was only presented with a solid line, varying from thin to thick; no dotted or dashed lines. import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘) borders = xlwt.Borders() # Create Borders borders.left = xlwt.Borders.DASHED # May be: NO_LINE, THIN, MEDIUM, DASHED, DOTTED, THICK, DOUBLE, HAIR, MEDIUM_DASHED, THIN_DASH_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, THIN_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, SLANTED_MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, or 0x00 through 0x0D. borders.right = xlwt.Borders.DASHED borders.top = xlwt.Borders.DASHED borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.DASHED borders.left_colour = 0x40 borders.right_colour = 0x40 borders.top_colour = 0x40 borders.bottom_colour = 0x40 style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style style.borders = borders # Add Borders to Style worksheet.write(0, 0, ‘Cell Contents‘, style) workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)

Setting the Background Color of a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(‘My Sheet‘) pattern = xlwt.Pattern() # Create the Pattern pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x12 pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 5 # May be: 8 through 63. 0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on... style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Pattern style.pattern = pattern # Add Pattern to Style worksheet.write(0, 0, ‘Cell Contents‘, style) workbook.save(‘Excel_Workbook.xls‘)

TODO: Things Left to Document
- Panes -- separate views which are always in view - Border Colors (documented above, but not taking effect as it should) - Border Widths (document above, but not working as expected) - Protection - Row Styles - Zoom / Manification - WS Props? Source Code for reference available at: https://secure.simplistix.co.uk/svn/xlwt/trunk/xlwt/

http://www.youlikeprogramming.com/2011/04/examples-generating-excel-documents-using-pythons-xlwt/

标签: python excel

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/xinxihua/p/12635197.html

时间： 2024-10-07 15:30:37

xls4-想要使用Python的xlwt设置单元格的背景色。

python xlwt写excel格式控制颜色、模式、编码、背景色

Examples Generating Excel Documents Using Python’s xlwt

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