VS2010 MFC对Excel的操作

这是帮别人做项目遇到的一个问题，的那个是纠结了老长时间，本以为是一件很轻松的事。。。

首先，这里采用了OLE来对Excel进行操作，网上其实有大把的例子，虽然都可以运行，但是并不能满足项目要求，其实我要实现的无非就是增查删改功能。

与网上操作步骤一样，首先就是去OFFICE里面将几个重要的类添加进去。网上有一篇文章其实封装的不错了，只是没有删除与新建功能，这里添加了以上几个功能。下面进入正题。

a. project->add class->MFC class from typelib （项目->添加类->Typelib中的MFC类）,来源里面请选择“注册表”  然后再可选择的类型库中选择“Microsoft Excel ****”这样容易不出错。

b. 选中以下几项_Application,_WorkSheet,_WorkBook,WorkSheets,WorkBooks,Range，然后导入；

c. 导入后自动在工程中添加CApplication,CWorkSheet,CWorkBook,CWorkSheets,CWorkBooks,CRange这些类；然后需要把这些类的头文件中的第一句话 #import ".......EXCEL.EXE" nonamespace 删除；

d.应用程序类CWinApp的InitInstance函数中调用AfxOleInit();   来初始化COM组件，否则无法打开COM服务器

引入之后如果编译遇到错误，Not enough actual parameters for macro ‘DialogBoxW‘. 让人头疼！

解决方法是在CRange类中，

VARIANT DialogBox()
{
  VARIANT result;
  InvokeHelper(0xf5, DISPATCH_METHOD, VT_VARIANT, (void*)&result, NULL);
  return result;
}

DialogBox()前面添加下划线变成_DialogBox()，解决了！

下面就是对Excel操作的函数封装了。

BasicExcelOperate.h

#pragma once

//OLE的头文件
#include "CRange.h"
#include "CWorkbook.h"
#include "CWorkbooks.h"
#include "CWorksheet.h"
#include "CWorksheets.h"
#include "CApplication.h"

///
///用于OLE的方式的EXCEL读写，
class IllusionExcelFile
{

public:

    //构造函数和析构函数
    IllusionExcelFile();
    virtual ~IllusionExcelFile();
void CreateExcelFile(CString filename);
void ClearExcelValue(long iRow, long iColumn);

protected:
    ///打开的EXCEL文件名称
    CString       open_excel_file_;

    ///EXCEL BOOK集合，（多个文件时）
    CWorkbooks    excel_books_;
    ///当前使用的BOOK，当前处理的文件
    CWorkbook     excel_work_book_;
    ///EXCEL的sheets集合
    CWorksheets   excel_sheets_;
    ///当前使用sheet
    CWorksheet    excel_work_sheet_;
    ///当前的操作区域
    CRange        excel_current_range_; 

    ///是否已经预加载了某个sheet的数据
    BOOL          already_preload_;
    ///Create the SAFEARRAY from the VARIANT ret.
    COleSafeArray ole_safe_array_;

protected:

    ///EXCEL的进程实例
    static CApplication excel_application_;
public:

    ///
    void ShowInExcel(BOOL bShow);

    ///检查一个CELL是否是字符串
    BOOL    IsCellString(long iRow, long iColumn);
    ///检查一个CELL是否是数值
    BOOL    IsCellInt(long iRow, long iColumn);

    ///得到一个CELL的String
    CString GetCellString(long iRow, long iColumn);
    ///得到整数
    int     GetCellInt(long iRow, long iColumn);
    ///得到double的数据
    double  GetCellDouble(long iRow, long iColumn);

    ///取得行的总数
    int GetRowCount();
    ///取得列的总数
    int GetColumnCount();

    ///使用某个shet，shit，shit
    BOOL LoadSheet(long table_index,BOOL pre_load = FALSE);
    ///通过名称使用某个sheet，
    BOOL LoadSheet(LPCTSTR sheet,BOOL pre_load = FALSE);
    ///通过序号取得某个Sheet的名称
    CString GetSheetName(long table_index);

    ///得到Sheet的总数
    int GetSheetCount();

    ///打开文件
    BOOL OpenExcelFile(LPCTSTR file_name);
    ///关闭打开的Excel 文件，有时候打开EXCEL文件就要
    void CloseExcelFile(BOOL if_save = FALSE);
    //另存为一个EXCEL文件
    void SaveasXSLFile(const CString &xls_file);
    ///取得打开文件的名称
    CString GetOpenFileName();
    ///取得打开sheet的名称
    CString GetLoadSheetName();

    ///写入一个CELL一个int
    void SetCellInt(long irow, long icolumn,int new_int);
    ///写入一个CELL一个string
    void SetCellString(long irow, long icolumn,CString new_string);

public:
    ///初始化EXCEL OLE
    static BOOL InitExcel();
    ///释放EXCEL的 OLE
    static void ReleaseExcel();
    ///取得列的名称，比如27->AA
    static char *GetColumnName(long iColumn);

protected:

    //预先加载
    void PreLoadSheet();
};

BasicExcelOperate.c

#include "MyExcel.h"

COleVariant
    covTrue((short)TRUE),
    covFalse((short)FALSE),
    covOptional((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR);    

//
CApplication IllusionExcelFile::excel_application_;

IllusionExcelFile::IllusionExcelFile():
already_preload_(FALSE)
{

}

IllusionExcelFile::~IllusionExcelFile()
{
    //
    CloseExcelFile();
}

//初始化EXCEL文件，
BOOL IllusionExcelFile::InitExcel()
{

    CoUninitialize();
    if(CoInitialize(NULL)==S_FALSE)
    {
        AfxMessageBox(_T("初始化COM支持库失败！"));
        return FALSE;
    }
    //创建Excel 2000服务器(启动Excel)
    if (!excel_application_.CreateDispatch(_T("Excel.Application"),NULL))
    {
        AfxMessageBox(_T("创建Excel服务失败,你可能没有安装EXCEL，请检查!"));
        return FALSE;
    }

    excel_application_.put_DisplayAlerts(FALSE);
    return TRUE;
}

//
void IllusionExcelFile::ReleaseExcel()
{
    excel_application_.Quit();
    excel_application_.ReleaseDispatch();
    excel_application_=NULL;
}

//打开excel文件
BOOL IllusionExcelFile::OpenExcelFile(LPCTSTR file_name)
{
    //先关闭
    CloseExcelFile();

    //利用模板文件建立新文档
    excel_books_.AttachDispatch(excel_application_.get_Workbooks(),true); 

    LPDISPATCH lpDis = NULL;
    lpDis = excel_books_.Add(COleVariant(file_name));
    if (lpDis)
    {
        excel_work_book_.AttachDispatch(lpDis);
        //得到Worksheets
        excel_sheets_.AttachDispatch(excel_work_book_.get_Worksheets(),true); 

        //记录打开的文件名称
        open_excel_file_ = file_name;

        return TRUE;
    }

    return FALSE;
}

//关闭打开的Excel 文件,默认情况不保存文件
void IllusionExcelFile::CloseExcelFile(BOOL if_save)
{
    //如果已经打开，关闭文件
    if (open_excel_file_.IsEmpty() == FALSE)
    {
        //如果保存,交给用户控制,让用户自己存，如果自己SAVE，会出现莫名的等待
        if (if_save)
        {
            ShowInExcel(TRUE);
        }
        else
        {
            //
            excel_work_book_.Close(COleVariant(short(FALSE)),COleVariant(open_excel_file_),covOptional);
            excel_books_.Close();
        }

        //打开文件的名称清空
        open_excel_file_.Empty();
    }

    excel_sheets_.ReleaseDispatch();
    excel_work_sheet_.ReleaseDispatch();
    excel_current_range_.ReleaseDispatch();
    excel_work_book_.ReleaseDispatch();
    excel_books_.ReleaseDispatch();
}

void IllusionExcelFile::SaveasXSLFile(const CString &xls_file)
{
    excel_work_book_.SaveAs(COleVariant(xls_file),
        covOptional,
        covOptional,
        covOptional,
        covOptional,
        covOptional,
        0,
        covOptional,
        covOptional,
        covOptional,
        covOptional,
        covOptional);
    return;
}

int IllusionExcelFile::GetSheetCount()
{
    return excel_sheets_.get_Count();
}

CString IllusionExcelFile::GetSheetName(long table_index)
{
    CWorksheet sheet;
    sheet.AttachDispatch(excel_sheets_.get_Item(COleVariant((long)table_index)),true);
    CString name = sheet.get_Name();
    sheet.ReleaseDispatch();
    return name;
}

//按照序号加载Sheet表格,可以提前加载所有的表格内部数据
BOOL IllusionExcelFile::LoadSheet(long table_index,BOOL pre_load)
{
    LPDISPATCH lpDis = NULL;
    excel_current_range_.ReleaseDispatch();
    excel_work_sheet_.ReleaseDispatch();
    lpDis = excel_sheets_.get_Item(COleVariant((long)table_index));
    if (lpDis)
    {
        excel_work_sheet_.AttachDispatch(lpDis,true);
        excel_current_range_.AttachDispatch(excel_work_sheet_.get_Cells(), true);
    }
    else
    {
        return FALSE;
    }

    already_preload_ = FALSE;
    //如果进行预先加载
    if (pre_load)
    {
        PreLoadSheet();
        already_preload_ = TRUE;
    }

    return TRUE;
}

//按照名称加载Sheet表格,可以提前加载所有的表格内部数据
BOOL IllusionExcelFile::LoadSheet(LPCTSTR sheet,BOOL pre_load)
{
    LPDISPATCH lpDis = NULL;
    excel_current_range_.ReleaseDispatch();
    excel_work_sheet_.ReleaseDispatch();
    lpDis = excel_sheets_.get_Item(COleVariant(sheet));
    if (lpDis)
    {
        excel_work_sheet_.AttachDispatch(lpDis,true);
        excel_current_range_.AttachDispatch(excel_work_sheet_.get_Cells(), true);

    }
    else
    {
        return FALSE;
    }
    //
    already_preload_ = FALSE;
    //如果进行预先加载
    if (pre_load)
    {
        already_preload_ = TRUE;
        PreLoadSheet();
    }

    return TRUE;
}

//得到列的总数
int IllusionExcelFile::GetColumnCount()
{
    CRange range;
    CRange usedRange;
    usedRange.AttachDispatch(excel_work_sheet_.get_UsedRange(), true);
    range.AttachDispatch(usedRange.get_Columns(), true);
    int count = range.get_Count();
    usedRange.ReleaseDispatch();
    range.ReleaseDispatch();
    return count;
}

//得到行的总数
int IllusionExcelFile::GetRowCount()
{
    CRange range;
    CRange usedRange;
    usedRange.AttachDispatch(excel_work_sheet_.get_UsedRange(), true);
    range.AttachDispatch(usedRange.get_Rows(), true);
    int count = range.get_Count();
    usedRange.ReleaseDispatch();
    range.ReleaseDispatch();
    return count;
}

//检查一个CELL是否是字符串
BOOL IllusionExcelFile::IsCellString(long irow, long icolumn)
{
    CRange range;
    range.AttachDispatch(excel_current_range_.get_Item (COleVariant((long)irow),COleVariant((long)icolumn)).pdispVal, true);
    COleVariant vResult =range.get_Value2();
    //VT_BSTR标示字符串
    if(vResult.vt == VT_BSTR)
    {
        return TRUE;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

//检查一个CELL是否是数值
BOOL IllusionExcelFile::IsCellInt(long irow, long icolumn)
{
    CRange range;
    range.AttachDispatch(excel_current_range_.get_Item (COleVariant((long)irow),COleVariant((long)icolumn)).pdispVal, true);
    COleVariant vResult =range.get_Value2();
    //好像一般都是VT_R8
    if(vResult.vt == VT_INT || vResult.vt == VT_R8)
    {
        return TRUE;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

//
CString IllusionExcelFile::GetCellString(long irow, long icolumn)
{

    COleVariant vResult ;
    CString str;
    //字符串
    if (already_preload_ == FALSE)
    {
        CRange range;
        range.AttachDispatch(excel_current_range_.get_Item (COleVariant((long)irow),COleVariant((long)icolumn)).pdispVal, true);
        vResult =range.get_Value2();
        range.ReleaseDispatch();
    }
    //如果数据依据预先加载了
    else
    {
        long read_address[2];
        VARIANT val;
        read_address[0] = irow;
        read_address[1] = icolumn;
        ole_safe_array_.GetElement(read_address, &val);
        vResult = val;
    }

    if(vResult.vt == VT_BSTR)
    {
        str=vResult.bstrVal;
    }
    //整数
    else if (vResult.vt==VT_INT)
    {
        str.Format(_T("%d"),vResult.pintVal);
    }
    //8字节的数字
    else if (vResult.vt==VT_R8)
    {
        str.Format(_T("%0.0f"),vResult.dblVal);
    }
    //时间格式
    else if(vResult.vt==VT_DATE)
    {
        SYSTEMTIME st;
        VariantTimeToSystemTime(vResult.date, &st);
        CTime tm(st);
        str=tm.Format("%Y-%m-%d");

    }
    //单元格空的
    else if(vResult.vt==VT_EMPTY)
    {
        str="";
    }  

    return str;
}

double IllusionExcelFile::GetCellDouble(long irow, long icolumn)
{
    double rtn_value = 0;
    COleVariant vresult;
    //字符串
    if (already_preload_ == FALSE)
    {
        CRange range;
        range.AttachDispatch(excel_current_range_.get_Item (COleVariant((long)irow),COleVariant((long)icolumn)).pdispVal, true);
        vresult =range.get_Value2();
        range.ReleaseDispatch();
    }
    //如果数据依据预先加载了
    else
    {
        long read_address[2];
        VARIANT val;
        read_address[0] = irow;
        read_address[1] = icolumn;
        ole_safe_array_.GetElement(read_address, &val);
        vresult = val;
    }

    if (vresult.vt==VT_R8)
    {
        rtn_value = vresult.dblVal;
    }

    return rtn_value;
}

//VT_R8
int IllusionExcelFile::GetCellInt(long irow, long icolumn)
{
    int num;
    COleVariant vresult;

    if (already_preload_ == FALSE)
    {
        CRange range;
        range.AttachDispatch(excel_current_range_.get_Item (COleVariant((long)irow),COleVariant((long)icolumn)).pdispVal, true);
        vresult = range.get_Value2();
        range.ReleaseDispatch();
    }
    else
    {
        long read_address[2];
        VARIANT val;
        read_address[0] = irow;
        read_address[1] = icolumn;
        ole_safe_array_.GetElement(read_address, &val);
        vresult = val;
    }
    //
    num = static_cast<int>(vresult.dblVal);

    return num;
}

void IllusionExcelFile::SetCellString(long irow, long icolumn,CString new_string)
{
    COleVariant new_value(new_string);
    CRange start_range = excel_work_sheet_.get_Range(COleVariant(_T("A1")),covOptional);
    CRange write_range = start_range.get_Offset(COleVariant((long)irow -1),COleVariant((long)icolumn -1) );
    write_range.put_Value2(new_value);
    start_range.ReleaseDispatch();
    write_range.ReleaseDispatch();

}

void IllusionExcelFile::SetCellInt(long irow, long icolumn,int new_int)
{
    COleVariant new_value((long)new_int);

    CRange start_range = excel_work_sheet_.get_Range(COleVariant(_T("A1")),covOptional);
    CRange write_range = start_range.get_Offset(COleVariant((long)irow -1),COleVariant((long)icolumn -1) );
    write_range.put_Value2(new_value);
    start_range.ReleaseDispatch();
    write_range.ReleaseDispatch();
}

//
void IllusionExcelFile::ShowInExcel(BOOL bShow)
{
    excel_application_.put_Visible(bShow);
    excel_application_.put_UserControl(bShow);
}

//返回打开的EXCEL文件名称
CString IllusionExcelFile::GetOpenFileName()
{
    return open_excel_file_;
}

//取得打开sheet的名称
CString IllusionExcelFile::GetLoadSheetName()
{
    return excel_work_sheet_.get_Name();
}

//取得列的名称，比如27->AA
char *IllusionExcelFile::GetColumnName(long icolumn)
{
    static char column_name[64];
    size_t str_len = 0;

    while(icolumn > 0)
    {
        int num_data = icolumn % 26;
        icolumn /= 26;
        if (num_data == 0)
        {
            num_data = 26;
            icolumn--;
        }
        column_name[str_len] = (char)((num_data-1) + ‘A‘ );
        str_len ++;
    }
    column_name[str_len] = ‘\0‘;
    //反转
    _strrev(column_name);

    return column_name;
}

//预先加载
void IllusionExcelFile::PreLoadSheet()
{

    CRange used_range;

    used_range = excel_work_sheet_.get_UsedRange();    

    VARIANT ret_ary = used_range.get_Value2();
    if (!(ret_ary.vt & VT_ARRAY))
    {
        return;
    }
    //
    ole_safe_array_.Clear();
    ole_safe_array_.Attach(ret_ary);
}

void IllusionExcelFile::ClearExcelValue(long iRow, long iColumn)
{

    CRange start_range = excel_work_sheet_.get_Range(COleVariant(_T("A1")),covOptional);
    CRange write_range = start_range.get_Offset(COleVariant((long)iRow -1),COleVariant((long)iColumn -1) );
    write_range.Clear();
    start_range.ReleaseDispatch();
    write_range.ReleaseDispatch();

}

void IllusionExcelFile::CreateExcelFile(CString filename)
{
    CApplication app;
    CWorkbook book;
    CWorkbooks books;
    CWorksheet sheet;
    CWorksheets sheets;
    CRange range;
    CFont font;
    CRange cols;
    LPDISPATCH lpDisp;

    COleVariant covOptional((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND,VT_ERROR);
    if (!app.CreateDispatch(_T("Excel.Application")))
    {
        AfxMessageBox(_T("无法创建Excel应用！")); 

    }
    books = app.get_Workbooks();
    //打开Excel，其中pathname为Excel表的路径名  

    book = books.Add(covOptional);
    sheets = book.get_Worksheets();
    book.SaveAs(COleVariant(filename),
        covOptional,
        covOptional,
        covOptional,
        covOptional,
        covOptional,
        0,
        covOptional,
        covOptional,
        covOptional,
        covOptional,
        covOptional);
    book.Close(COleVariant(short(FALSE)),COleVariant(filename),covOptional);
    books.Close();
    //app.put_UserControl(TRUE);
    range.ReleaseDispatch();
    sheet.ReleaseDispatch();
    sheets.ReleaseDispatch();
    book.ReleaseDispatch();
    books.ReleaseDispatch();
    app.ReleaseDispatch();  

}

最后编译时可能会提示你忘记添加#include "StdAfx.h"，只要在 BasicExcelOperate.c文件的最上方添加#include "StdAfx.h"，就可以了

参考：http://blog.csdn.net/superbfly/article/details/18040445