模拟一个虚拟寄存器设备驱动
1.编写驱动
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
int dev1_registers[5];
int dev2_registers[5];
struct cdev cdev;
dev_t devno;
/*文件打开函数*/
int mem_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
/*获取次设备号*/
int num = MINOR(inode->i_rdev);
if (num==0)
filp->private_data = dev1_registers;
else if(num == 1)
filp->private_data = dev2_registers;
else
return -ENODEV; //无效的次设备号
return 0;
}
/*文件释放函数*/
int mem_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
return 0;
}
/*读函数*/
static ssize_t mem_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
unsigned long p = *ppos;
unsigned int count = size;
int ret = 0;
int *register_addr = filp->private_data; /*获取设备的寄存器基地址*/
/*判断读位置是否有效*/
if (p >= 5*sizeof(int))
return 0;
if (count > 5*sizeof(int) - p)
count = 5*sizeof(int) - p;
/*读数据到用户空间*/
if (copy_to_user(buf, register_addr+p, count))
{
ret = -EFAULT;
}
else
{
*ppos += count;
ret = count;
}
return ret;
}
/*写函数*/
static ssize_t mem_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
unsigned long p = *ppos;
unsigned int count = size;
int ret = 0;
int *register_addr = filp->private_data; /*获取设备的寄存器地址*/
/*分析和获取有效的写长度*/
if (p >= 5*sizeof(int))
return 0;
if (count > 5*sizeof(int) - p)
count = 5*sizeof(int) - p;
/*从用户空间写入数据*/
if (copy_from_user(register_addr + p, buf, count))
ret = -EFAULT;
else
{
*ppos += count;
ret = count;
}
return ret;
}
/* seek文件定位函数 */
static loff_t mem_llseek(struct file *filp, loff_t offset, int whence)
{
loff_t newpos;
switch(whence) {
case SEEK_SET:
newpos = offset;
break;
case SEEK_CUR:
newpos = filp->f_pos + offset;
break;
case SEEK_END:
newpos = 5*sizeof(int)-1 + offset;
break;
default:
return -EINVAL;
}
if ((newpos<0) || (newpos>5*sizeof(int)))
return -EINVAL;
filp->f_pos = newpos;
return newpos;
}
/*文件操作结构体*/
static const struct file_operations mem_fops =
{
.llseek = mem_llseek,
.read = mem_read,
.write = mem_write,
.open = mem_open,
.release = mem_release,
};
/*设备驱动模块加载函数*/
static int memdev_init(void)
{
/*初始化cdev结构*/
cdev_init(&cdev, &mem_fops);
/* 注册字符设备 */
alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, 0, 2, "memdev");
cdev_add(&cdev, devno, 2);
}
/*模块卸载函数*/
static void memdev_exit(void)
{
cdev_del(&cdev); /*注销设备*/
unregister_chrdev_region(devno, 2); /*释放设备号*/
}
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
module_init(memdev_init);
module_exit(memdev_exit);
2.创建设备文件，首先查看开发板上文件系统中的设备编号
cat /proc/devices 找到memdev 的设备编号，我这里是252
mknod dev/memdev0 c 252 0
3.编写write.c文件
vim write.c
#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
int main()
{
int fd =0;//
int src = 2013;
fd=open("/dev/memdev0",O_RDWR);//以可读可写的方式打开文件，打开之
后会返回一个fd,
write(fd,&src,sizeof(int));向文件中写入数据，首先写入fd,然后写入
数据，数据的大小。
close(fd);
}
4.编写读取数据read.c文件
vim read_mem.c
#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
int main()
{
int fd =0;
int dst=0;
fd = open("/dev/memdev0",O_RDWR);
read (fd,&dst,sizeof(int));
printf("dst is %d\n",dst);
return 0;
}
5.编写makefile
这里就省略，很简单。
make
arm-linux-gcc -static write.c -o write
arm-linux-gcc -static read.c -o read
6.将编译好的模块,以及write read 拷贝到nfs文件系统中
安装内核模块 insmod memdev.ko
./write
./read