生活中常有人因为更换手机而丢失联系人,所以联系人备份与恢复操作就显得有一些必要与价值。
所以学习了相关内容,并进行了适当整合,在这里整理出来。
本篇博客两个重点
- 使用VCard库进行联系人备份与恢复
- 异步进行备份与恢复操作
为什么要用VCard
VCard是用于联系人数据存储的标准数据格式,且有一套已经成熟的库可以使用,通用于手机,也通用于邮件等,所以使用VCard进行联系人的数据存储与备份格式是非常好的选择。当然是用XML格式去存储也是可以的。
下载android-vcard.jar请猛戳这里
为什么要异步进行操作
联系人备份与恢复都涉及到了数据库读写,而数据库的操作一向都是比较费时的,更何况是大量数据的情况下,所以将这些操作进行异步处理是一个非常有必要的事情,否则容易造成UI主线程卡顿。异步的另一个好处是同时能够在UI界面上给用户一些过程进度上的反馈,这个在重视产品交互体验的今天是非常重要的。
异步操作UI效果库,源自GitHub请猛戳这里
VCard本身库比较复杂,不再多说,有兴趣的可以研究源码。这里贴上一个已经做过一层封装的联系人处理类,直接调用即可。
封装好的联系人处理类
package com.pku.codingma.backupandrecovercontactdemo;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import a_vcard.android.provider.Contacts;
import a_vcard.android.syncml.pim.VDataBuilder;
import a_vcard.android.syncml.pim.VNode;
import a_vcard.android.syncml.pim.vcard.ContactStruct;
import a_vcard.android.syncml.pim.vcard.VCardComposer;
import a_vcard.android.syncml.pim.vcard.VCardException;
import a_vcard.android.syncml.pim.vcard.VCardParser;
/**
* Created by ma on 2016/4/1.
*/
public class ContactInfo {
/**
* MUST exist
*/
private String name; // 姓名
/**
* 联系人电话信息
*/
public static class PhoneInfo {
/**
* 联系电话类型
*/
public int type;
/**
* 联系电话
*/
public String number;
}
/**
* 联系人邮箱信息
*/
public static class EmailInfo {
/**
* 邮箱类型
*/
public int type;
/**
* 邮箱
*/
public String email;
}
private List<PhoneInfo> phoneList = new ArrayList<PhoneInfo>(); // 联系号码
private List<EmailInfo> email = new ArrayList<EmailInfo>(); // Email
/**
* 构造联系人信息
*
* @param name 联系人姓名
*/
public ContactInfo(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
/**
* 姓名
*/
public String getName() {
return name;
}
/**
* 姓名
*/
public ContactInfo setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
return this;
}
/**
* 联系电话信息
*/
public List<PhoneInfo> getPhoneList() {
return phoneList;
}
/**
* 联系电话信息
*/
public ContactInfo setPhoneList(List<PhoneInfo> phoneList) {
this.phoneList = phoneList;
return this;
}
/**
* 邮箱信息
*/
public List<EmailInfo> getEmail() {
return email;
}
/**
* 邮箱信息
*/
public ContactInfo setEmail(List<EmailInfo> email) {
this.email = email;
return this;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "{name: " + name + ", number: " + phoneList + ", email: " + email + "}";
}
/**
* 联系人
* 备份/还原操作
*
* @author LW
*/
public static class ContactHandler {
private static ContactHandler instance_ = new ContactHandler();
/**
* 获取实例
*/
public static ContactHandler getInstance() {
return instance_;
}
/**
* 获取联系人指定信息
*
* @param projection 指定要获取的列数组, 获取全部列则设置为null
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public Cursor queryContact(Activity context, String[] projection) {
// 获取联系人的所需信息
Cursor cur = context.getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI, projection, null, null, null);
return cur;
}
/**
* 获取联系人信息
*
* @param context
* @return
*/
public List<ContactInfo> getContactInfo(Activity context) {
List<ContactInfo> infoList = new ArrayList<ContactInfo>();
Cursor cur = queryContact(context, null);
if (cur.moveToFirst()) {
do {
// 获取联系人id号
String id = cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));
// 获取联系人姓名
String displayName = cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME));
ContactInfo info = new ContactInfo(displayName);// 初始化联系人信息
// 查看联系人有多少电话号码, 如果没有返回0
int phoneCount = cur.getInt(cur.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.HAS_PHONE_NUMBER));
if (phoneCount > 0) {
Cursor phonesCursor = context.getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI, null, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID + "=" + id, null, null);
if (phonesCursor.moveToFirst()) {
List<PhoneInfo> phoneNumberList = new ArrayList<PhoneInfo>();
do {
// 遍历所有电话号码
String phoneNumber = phonesCursor.getString(phonesCursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER));
// 对应的联系人类型
int type = phonesCursor.getInt(phonesCursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.TYPE));
// 初始化联系人电话信息
ContactInfo.PhoneInfo phoneInfo = new ContactInfo.PhoneInfo();
phoneInfo.type = type;
phoneInfo.number = phoneNumber;
phoneNumberList.add(phoneInfo);
} while (phonesCursor.moveToNext());
// 设置联系人电话信息
info.setPhoneList(phoneNumberList);
}
}
// 获得联系人的EMAIL
Cursor emailCur = context.getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_URI, null, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTACT_ID + "=" + id, null, null);
if (emailCur.moveToFirst()) {
List<EmailInfo> emailList = new ArrayList<EmailInfo>();
do {
// 遍历所有的email
String email = emailCur.getString(emailCur.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.DATA1));
int type = emailCur.getInt(emailCur.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.TYPE));
// 初始化联系人邮箱信息
ContactInfo.EmailInfo emailInfo = new ContactInfo.EmailInfo();
emailInfo.type = type; // 设置邮箱类型
emailInfo.email = email; // 设置邮箱地址
emailList.add(emailInfo);
} while (emailCur.moveToNext());
info.setEmail(emailList);
}
//Cursor postalCursor = getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredPostal.CONTENT_URI, null, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredPostal.CONTACT_ID + "=" + id, null, null);
infoList.add(info);
} while (cur.moveToNext());
}
cur.close();
return infoList;
}
/**
* 备份联系人
*/
public void backupContacts(Activity context, List<ContactInfo> infos) {
try {
String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/contacts.vcf";
OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(path), "UTF-8");
VCardComposer composer = new VCardComposer();
for (ContactInfo info : infos) {
ContactStruct contact = new ContactStruct();
contact.name = info.getName();
// 获取联系人电话信息, 添加至 ContactStruct
List<PhoneInfo> numberList = info
.getPhoneList();
for (ContactInfo.PhoneInfo phoneInfo : numberList) {
contact.addPhone(phoneInfo.type, phoneInfo.number,
null, true);
}
// 获取联系人Email信息, 添加至 ContactStruct
List<EmailInfo> emailList = info.getEmail();
for (ContactInfo.EmailInfo emailInfo : emailList) {
contact.addContactmethod(Contacts.KIND_EMAIL,
emailInfo.type, emailInfo.email, null, true);
}
String vcardString = composer.createVCard(contact,
VCardComposer.VERSION_VCARD30_INT);
writer.write(vcardString);
writer.write("\n");
writer.flush();
}
writer.close();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (VCardException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 获取vCard文件中的联系人信息
*
* @return
*/
public List<ContactInfo> restoreContacts() throws Exception {
List<ContactInfo> contactInfoList = new ArrayList<ContactInfo>();
VCardParser parse = new VCardParser();
VDataBuilder builder = new VDataBuilder();
String file = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/contacts2.vcf";
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file), "UTF-8"));
String vcardString = "";
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
vcardString += line + "\n";
}
reader.close();
boolean parsed = parse.parse(vcardString, "UTF-8", builder);
if (!parsed) {
throw new VCardException("Could not parse vCard file: " + file);
}
List<VNode> pimContacts = builder.vNodeList;
for (VNode contact : pimContacts) {
ContactStruct contactStruct = ContactStruct.constructContactFromVNode(contact, 1);
// 获取备份文件中的联系人电话信息
List<ContactStruct.PhoneData> phoneDataList = contactStruct.phoneList;
List<PhoneInfo> phoneInfoList = new ArrayList<PhoneInfo>();
for (ContactStruct.PhoneData phoneData : phoneDataList) {
ContactInfo.PhoneInfo phoneInfo = new ContactInfo.PhoneInfo();
phoneInfo.number = phoneData.data;
phoneInfo.type = phoneData.type;
phoneInfoList.add(phoneInfo);
}
// 获取备份文件中的联系人邮箱信息
List<ContactStruct.ContactMethod> emailList = contactStruct.contactmethodList;
List<EmailInfo> emailInfoList = new ArrayList<EmailInfo>();
// 存在 Email 信息
if (null != emailList) {
for (ContactStruct.ContactMethod contactMethod : emailList) {
if (Contacts.KIND_EMAIL == contactMethod.kind) {
ContactInfo.EmailInfo emailInfo = new ContactInfo.EmailInfo();
emailInfo.email = contactMethod.data;
emailInfo.type = contactMethod.type;
emailInfoList.add(emailInfo);
}
}
}
ContactInfo info = new ContactInfo(contactStruct.name).setPhoneList(phoneInfoList).setEmail(emailInfoList);
contactInfoList.add(info);
}
return contactInfoList;
}
/**
* 向手机中录入联系人信息
*
* @param info 要录入的联系人信息
*/
public void addContacts(Activity context, ContactInfo info) {
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
//首先向RawContacts.CONTENT_URI执行一个空值插入,目的是获取系统返回的rawContactId
Uri rawContactUri = context.getContentResolver().insert(ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTENT_URI, values);
long rawContactId = ContentUris.parseId(rawContactUri);
//往data表入姓名数据
values.clear();
values.put(ContactsContract.RawContacts.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
values.put(ContactsContract.RawContacts.Data.MIMETYPE, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
values.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, info.getName());
context.getContentResolver().insert(
ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
// 获取联系人电话信息
List<PhoneInfo> phoneList = info.getPhoneList();
/** 录入联系电话 */
for (ContactInfo.PhoneInfo phoneInfo : phoneList) {
values.clear();
values.put(ContactsContract.Contacts.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
values.put(ContactsContract.RawContacts.Data.MIMETYPE, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
// 设置录入联系人电话信息
values.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER, phoneInfo.number);
values.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.TYPE, phoneInfo.type);
// 往data表入电话数据
context.getContentResolver().insert(
ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
}
// 获取联系人邮箱信息
List<EmailInfo> emailList = info.getEmail();
/** 录入联系人邮箱信息 */
for (ContactInfo.EmailInfo email : emailList) {
values.clear();
values.put(ContactsContract.Contacts.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
values.put(ContactsContract.RawContacts.Data.MIMETYPE, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
// 设置录入的邮箱信息
values.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.DATA, email.email);
values.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.TYPE, email.type);
// 往data表入Email数据
context.getContentResolver().insert(
ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
}
}
}
}
接下来上异步操作与UI更新相关代码
异步处理与功能使用DEMO
package com.pku.codingma.backupandrecovercontactdemo;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import com.dd.CircularProgressButton;
import java.util.List;
/**
* A placeholder fragment containing a simple view.
*/
public class BackupAndRecoverContactActivityFragment extends Fragment implements View.OnClickListener{
CircularProgressButton mBackupContactButton;
CircularProgressButton mRecoverContactButton;
//标记消息的来源
public final int BACKUP_WHAT = 0;
public final int RECOVER_WHAT = 1;
//标记成功还是失败
public final int SUCCESS_FLAG = 1;
public final int FAIL_FLAG = 0;
//用于进行备份和还原操作的ContactHandler内部类
ContactInfo.ContactHandler handler = ContactInfo.ContactHandler.getInstance();
public BackupAndRecoverContactActivityFragment() {
}
Handler mBackupAndRecoverProcessHandler = new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
if (msg.what == BACKUP_WHAT){
//add your action
if (msg.arg1 == SUCCESS_FLAG){
mBackupContactButton.setProgress(100);
}else {
mBackupContactButton.setProgress(-1);
}
}else if (msg.what == RECOVER_WHAT){
//add your action
if (msg.arg1 == SUCCESS_FLAG){
mRecoverContactButton.setProgress(100);
}else {
mRecoverContactButton.setProgress(-1);
}
}
ShowTipTool.showTip(getActivity(), msg.obj.toString());
}
};
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_backup_and_recover_contact, container, false);
mBackupContactButton = (CircularProgressButton) view.findViewById(R.id.backup_contact_button);
mRecoverContactButton = (CircularProgressButton) view.findViewById(R.id.recover_contact_button);
initEvent();
return view;
}
private void initEvent() {
mRecoverContactButton.setOnClickListener(this);
mBackupContactButton.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()){
case R.id.backup_contact_button:
backup_contact();
break;
case R.id.recover_contact_button:
recover_contact();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
public void backup_contact(){
//让按钮进入工作状态
mBackupContactButton.setIndeterminateProgressMode(true);
mBackupContactButton.setProgress(50);
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//新建一条Handler处理的消息
Message message = new Message();
try{
// 进行备份联系人信息动作
handler.backupContacts(getActivity(), handler.getContactInfo(getActivity()));
//如果顺利,则将消息的参数设置为成功
message.obj = "backup success";
message.arg1 = SUCCESS_FLAG;
}catch (Exception e){
//如果出现异常,则将消息的参数设置为失败
message.obj = "backup fail";
message.arg1 = FAIL_FLAG;
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
//最后设置消息来源并发送
message.what = BACKUP_WHAT;
mBackupAndRecoverProcessHandler.sendMessage(message);
}
}
}).start();
}
//与backup基本相同,不再注释
public void recover_contact(){
mRecoverContactButton.setIndeterminateProgressMode(true);
mRecoverContactButton.setProgress(50);
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Message message = new Message();
try {
// 获取要恢复的联系人信息
List<ContactInfo> infoList = handler.restoreContacts();
for (ContactInfo contactInfo : infoList) {
// 恢复联系人
handler.addContacts(getActivity(), contactInfo);
}
message.obj = "recover success";
message.arg1 = SUCCESS_FLAG;
} catch (Exception e) {
message.obj = "recover fail";
message.arg1 = FAIL_FLAG;
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
message.what = RECOVER_WHAT;
mBackupAndRecoverProcessHandler.sendMessage(message);
}
}
}).start();
}
}
读写权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
效果图若干张
初始状态
处理状态
完成状态
异常出错状态
Demo完整代码请猛戳这里
时间: 2024-10-22 04:46:39