题意:给一颗仙人掌,要求移动一条边,不能放在原处,移动之后还是一颗仙人掌的方案数(仙人掌:无向图,每条边只在一个环中),等价于先删除一条边,然后加一条边
题解:对于一颗仙人掌,分成两种边,1:环边:环上的边2,树边:非环上的边
考虑1.删除树边,那么只需联通两个联通快,那么方案数就是两个联通块乘积-1(除去删除的边)
2.删除环边,那么我们假设删除所有环,那么图变成了深林,方案数就是深林中每棵树任意两点连接,方案数就是全部的和,先维护一个每个环上的点有多少树边,对于每个树边联通块(大小x)共贡献是x*(x-1)/2-(x-1),对于每个环,我们先算出所有答案,按个减去每个环上点的贡献,然后考虑删除环边之后总树边联通块的贡献
bcc维护树边,并查集维护树边联通块
//#pragma GCC optimize(2)
//#pragma GCC optimize(3)
//#pragma GCC optimize(4)
//#pragma GCC optimize("unroll-loops")
//#pragma comment(linker, "/stack:200000000")
//#pragma GCC optimize("Ofast,no-stack-protector")
//#pragma GCC target("sse,sse2,sse3,ssse3,sse4,popcnt,abm,mmx,avx,tune=native")
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define fi first
#define se second
#define db double
#define mp make_pair
#define pb push_back
#define pi acos(-1.0)
#define ll long long
#define vi vector<int>
#define mod 1000000007
#define ld long double
#define ls l,m,rt<<1
#define rs m+1,r,rt<<1|1
#define pll pair<ll,ll>
#define pil pair<int,ll>
#define pli pair<ll,int>
#define pii pair<int,int>
//#define cd complex<double>
#define ull unsigned long long
//#define base 1000000000000000000
#define Max(a,b) ((a)>(b)?(a):(b))
#define Min(a,b) ((a)<(b)?(a):(b))
#define fin freopen("a.txt","r",stdin)
#define fout freopen("a.txt","w",stdout)
#define fio ios::sync_with_stdio(false);cin.tie(0)
inline ll gcd(ll a,ll b){return b?gcd(b,a%b):a;}
inline void sub(ll &a,ll b){a-=b;if(a<0)a+=mod;}
inline void add(ll &a,ll b){a+=b;if(a>=mod)a-=mod;}
template<typename T>inline T const& MAX(T const &a,T const &b){return a>b?a:b;}
template<typename T>inline T const& MIN(T const &a,T const &b){return a<b?a:b;}
inline ll qp(ll a,ll b){ll ans=1;while(b){if(b&1)ans=ans*a%mod;a=a*a%mod,b>>=1;}return ans;}
inline ll qp(ll a,ll b,ll c){ll ans=1;while(b){if(b&1)ans=ans*a%c;a=a*a%c,b>>=1;}return ans;}
using namespace std;
const double eps=1e-8;
const ll INF=0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f;
const int N=100000+100,maxn=50000+10,inf=0x3f3f3f3f;
int n,m;
vi v[N];
int dfn[N],low[N],ind,pre[N],fa[N];
ll ans,sum,sz[N],tr[N];
map<pii,bool>tree;
int Find(int x){return fa[x]==x?x:fa[x]=Find(fa[x]);}
void tarjan(int u,int f)
{
sz[u]=1;
dfn[u]=low[u]=++ind;
for(int x:v[u])
{
if(x==f)continue;
if(!dfn[x])
{
tarjan(x,u);
sz[u]+=sz[x];
low[u]=min(low[u],low[x]);
if(low[x]>dfn[u])tree[mp(u,x)]=tree[mp(x,u)]=1,ans+=sz[x]*(n-sz[x])-1;
}
else if(dfn[x]<dfn[u])low[u]=min(low[u],dfn[x]);
}
}
void dfs(int u,int f)
{
dfn[u]=1;
for(int x:v[u])
{
if(x==f)continue;
if(!dfn[x]&&tree.find(mp(u,x))!=tree.end())//tree edge
{
dfs(x,u);
int fx=Find(u),fy=Find(x);
if(fx!=fy)fa[fx]=fy,tr[fy]+=tr[fx];
}
}
}
void dfs1(int u,int f)
{
dfn[u]=1;
for(int x:v[u])
{
if(x==f)continue;
if(!dfn[x])pre[x]=u,dfs1(x,u);
else if(dfn[x]==1)
{
ll res=sum,co=0,p=0;
for(int now=u;now!=x;now=pre[now])
{
int fx=Find(now);
co+=tr[fx],p++,res-=1ll*(tr[fx]-1)*tr[fx]/2-(tr[fx]-1);
}
int fx=Find(x);
co+=tr[fx],p++,res-=1ll*(tr[fx]-1)*tr[fx]/2-(tr[fx]-1);
res=(res+1ll*(co-1)*co/2-(co-1)-1)*p;
// printf("%d %d %lld %lld %lld***\n",u,x,co,p,res);
ans+=res;
}
}
dfn[u]=2;
}
int main()
{
freopen("cactus.in","r",stdin);
freopen("cactus.out","w",stdout);
scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)fa[i]=i,tr[i]=1;
for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
{
int x,k,last=0;scanf("%d",&k);
while(k--)
{
scanf("%d",&x);
if(last)v[last].pb(x),v[x].pb(last);
last=x;
}
}
tarjan(1,-1);
// printf("%lld\n",ans);
memset(dfn,0,sizeof dfn);
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)if(!dfn[i])dfs(i,-1);
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
if(fa[i]==i)
{
sum+=1ll*(tr[i]-1)*tr[i]/2-(tr[i]-1);
// printf("%d %d\n",i,tr[i]);
}
}
memset(dfn,0,sizeof dfn);
dfs1(1,-1);
printf("%lld\n",ans);
return 0;
}
/********************
9 4
5 1 2 3 4 5
4 2 8 7 4
2 6 7
2 8 9
********************/原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/acjiumeng/p/9966168.html
时间： 2024-10-08 11:30:54