Activity可以很容易的得到物理返回键的监听事件,而Fragment却不能。假设FragmentActivity有三个Fragment,一般安卓用户期望点击返回键会一层层返回到FragmentActivity。当然,我们可以将每个Fragment对应的Transaction放到BackStack中,但是如果每个Fragment有对返回事件的特殊消费,那么在FragmentActivity的onBackPressed()中的代码就会比较混乱,例如:
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- @Override
- public void onBackPressed() {
- if(selectedFragment.equals(fragmentA) && fragmentA.hasExpandedRow()) {
- fragmentA.collapseRow();
- } else if(selectedFragment.equals(fragmentA) && fragmentA.isShowingLoginView()) {
- fragmentA.hideLoginView();
- } else if(selectedFragment.equals(fragmentA)) {
- popBackStack();
- } else if(selectedFragment.equals(fragmentB) && fragmentB.hasCondition1()) {
- fragmentB.reverseCondition1();
- } else if(selectedFragment.equals(fragmentB) && fragmentB.hasCondition2()) {
- fragmentB.reverseCondition2();
- } else if(selectedFragment.equals(fragmentB)) {
- popBackStack();
- } else {
- // handle by activity
- super.onBackPressed();
- }
- }
这对于有代码洁癖的程序猿显然是不能容忍的,后来发现了一种优雅的解决方案。
首先创建一个抽象类BackHandledFragment,该类有一个抽象方法onBackPressed(),所有BackHandledFragment的子类在onBackPressed方法中处理各自对Back事件的消费逻辑。onBackPressed返回布尔值,宿主FragmentActivity将会根据该方法的返回值判断子Fragment是否有消费Back事件。此外,宿主FragmentActivity还会保持一份当前Fragment的引用,当用户按下Back键时,宿主Activity会判断当前Fragment是否需要消费该事件,如果没有Fragment消费才会自己消费。
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- public abstract class BackHandledFragment extends Fragment {
- protected BackHandledInterface mBackHandledInterface;
- /**
- * 所有继承BackHandledFragment的子类都将在这个方法中实现物理Back键按下后的逻辑
- * FragmentActivity捕捉到物理返回键点击事件后会首先询问Fragment是否消费该事件
- * 如果没有Fragment消息时FragmentActivity自己才会消费该事件
- */
- protected abstract boolean onBackPressed();
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- if(!(getActivity() instanceof BackHandledInterface)){
- throw new ClassCastException("Hosting Activity must implement BackHandledInterface");
- }else{
- this.mBackHandledInterface = (BackHandledInterface)getActivity();
- }
- }
- @Override
- public void onStart() {
- super.onStart();
- //告诉FragmentActivity,当前Fragment在栈顶
- mBackHandledInterface.setSelectedFragment(this);
- }
- }
宿主FragmentActivity需要继承BackHandledIntegerface,子Fragment会通过该接口告诉宿主FragmentActivity自己是当前屏幕可见的Fragment。
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- public interface BackHandledInterface {
- public abstract void setSelectedFragment(BackHandledFragment selectedFragment);
- }
所以在Fragment的onCreate中会判断宿主FragmentActivity是否已继承了该接口。在Fragment的onStart()方法中就会调用该接口告诉宿主FragmentActivity自己是当前屏幕可见的Fragment。
宿主FragmentActivity就可以在onBackPressed()方法中对Back事件进行判断处理了。
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- public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements BackHandledInterface{
- private BackHandledFragment mBackHandedFragment;
- private boolean hadIntercept;
- @Override
- public void setSelectedFragment(BackHandledFragment selectedFragment) {
- this.mBackHandedFragment = selectedFragment;
- }
- @Override
- public void onBackPressed() {
- if(mBackHandedFragment == null || !mBackHandedFragment.onBackPressed()){
- if(getSupportFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount() == 0){
- super.onBackPressed();
- }else{
- getSupportFragmentManager().popBackStack();
- }
- }
- }
- }
示例程序Github链接。
参考资料: