相信做过自动化运维的同学都用过API接口来完成某些动作。API是一套成熟系统所必需的接口,可以被其他系统或脚本来调用,这也是自动化运维的必修课。
本文主要介绍python中调用API的几种方式,下面是python中会用到的库。
- urllib2
- httplib2
- pycurl
- requests
- urllib2
import urllib2, urllib github_url = ‘https://api.github.com/user/repos‘ password_manager = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm() password_manager.add_password(None, github_url, ‘user‘, ‘***‘) auth = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_manager) # create an authentication handler opener = urllib2.build_opener(auth) # create an opener with the authentication handler urllib2.install_opener(opener) # install the opener... request = urllib2.Request(github_url, urllib.urlencode({‘name‘:‘Test repo‘, ‘description‘: ‘Some test repository‘})) # Manual encoding required handler = urllib2.urlopen(request) print handler.read()
2. httplib2
import urllib, httplib2 github_url = ‘ h = httplib2.Http(".cache") h.add_credentials("user", "******", " data = urllib.urlencode({"name":"test"}) resp, content = h.request(github_url, "POST", data) print content
3. pycurl
import pycurl, json github_url = " user_pwd = "user:*****" data = json.dumps({"name": "test_repo", "description": "Some test repo"}) c = pycurl.Curl() c.setopt(pycurl.URL, github_url) c.setopt(pycurl.USERPWD, user_pwd) c.setopt(pycurl.POST, 1) c.setopt(pycurl.POSTFIELDS, data) c.perform()
4. requests
import requests, json github_url = " data = json.dumps({‘name‘:‘test‘, ‘description‘:‘some test repo‘}) r = requests.post(github_url, data, auth=(‘user‘, ‘*****‘)) print r.json
以上几种方式都可以调用API来执行动作,但requests这种方式代码最简洁,最清晰,建议采用。
时间: 2024-10-31 03:12:19