Django rest framework ---- 权限
添加权限
api/utils文件夹下新建premission.py文件，代码如下：
- message是当没有权限时，提示的信息
# FileName : permission.py
# Author : Adil
# DateTime : 2019/7/30 5:14 PM
# SoftWare : PyCharm
from rest_framework.permissions import BasePermission
class SVIPPermission(object):
message = ‘必须是SVIP才能访问！‘
def has_permission(self,request,view):
if request.user.user_type !=3:
return False
return True
class MyPermission(object):
def has_permission(self,request,view):
if request.user.user_type == 3:
return False
return True
settings.py全局配置权限
#设置全局认证
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
"DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES":[‘api.utils.auth.Authentication‘,], #里面写你的认证的类的路径
"DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES":[‘api.utils.permission.SVIPPermission‘,], # 添加权限路径
}
views.py添加权限
- 默认所有的业务都需要SVIP权限才能访问
- OrderView类里面没写表示使用全局配置的SVIPPremission
- UserInfoView类，因为是普通用户和VIP用户可以访问，不使用全局的，要想局部使用的话，里面就写上自己的权限类
- permission_classes = [MyPremission,] #局部使用权限方法
from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
import time
from api import models
from django.http import JsonResponse
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.request import Request
from rest_framework import exceptions
from rest_framework.authentication import BasicAuthentication
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from api.utils.permission import SVIPPermission,MyPermission
ORDER_DICT = {
1:{
‘name‘:‘apple‘,
‘price‘:15
},
2:{
‘name‘:‘orange‘,
‘price‘:30
}
}
def md5(user):
import hashlib
import time
ctime = str(time.time())
print(ctime)
m = hashlib.md5(bytes(user,encoding=‘utf-8‘))
print(m)
m.update(bytes(ctime,encoding=‘utf-8‘))
print(m)
usertoken = m.hexdigest()
print(usertoken)
return usertoken
class AuthView(APIView):
authentication_classes = [] # 里面为空，代表不需要认证
permission_classes = []
def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
print(‘参数‘,request)
ret = {‘code‘:1000,‘msg‘:None,‘token‘:None}
try:
# 参数是datadict 形式
usr = request.data.get(‘username‘)
pas = request.data.get(‘password‘)
# usr = request._request.POST.get(‘username‘)
# pas = request._request.POST.get(‘password‘)
# usr = request.POST.get(‘username‘)
# pas = request.POST.get(‘password‘)
print(usr)
print(pas)
# obj = models.User.objects.filter(username=‘yang‘, password=‘123456‘).first()
obj = models.User.objects.filter(username=usr,password=pas).first()
# obk =models.userToken.objects.filter(token=‘9c979c316d4ea42fd998ddf7e8895aa4‘).first()
# print(obk.token)
print(‘******‘)
print(obj)
print(type(obj))
print(obj.username)
print(obj.password)
if not obj:
ret[‘code‘] = ‘1001‘
ret[‘msg‘] = ‘用户名或者密码错误‘
return JsonResponse(ret)
# 里为了简单，应该是进行加密，再加上其他参数
# token = str(time.time()) + usr
token = md5(usr)
print(token)
models.userToken.objects.update_or_create(user=obj, defaults={‘token‘: token})
ret[‘token‘] = token
ret[‘msg‘] = ‘登录成功‘
#ret[‘token‘] = token
except Exception as e:
ret[‘code‘] = 1002
ret[‘msg‘] = ‘请求异常‘
return JsonResponse(ret)
class OrderView(APIView):
‘‘‘订单业务‘‘‘
# authentication_classes = []
# permission_classes = []
def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
print("~~~~~~")
print(request.user)
print(request.auth)
print("~~~~~~")
ret = {‘code‘:1000,‘msg‘:None,‘data‘:None}
try:
ret[‘data‘] = ORDER_DICT
except Exception as e:
pass
return JsonResponse(ret)
class UserInfoView(APIView):
‘‘‘
订单相关业务(普通用户和VIP用户可以看)
‘‘‘
permission_classes = [MyPermission,] #不用全局的权限配置的话，这里就要写自己的局部权限
def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
print(request.user)
return HttpResponse(‘用户信息‘)
# if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
#
# md5(‘yang‘)
urls
"""logintest URL Configuration
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
1. Add an import: from my_app import views
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path(‘‘, views.home, name=‘home‘)
Class-based views
1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path(‘‘, Home.as_view(), name=‘home‘)
Including another URLconf
1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path(‘blog/‘, include(‘blog.urls‘))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import url
from api.views import AuthView
from api.views import OrderView,UserInfoView
from api.appview.register import registerView
from django.views.generic.base import TemplateView # 1、增加该行
urlpatterns = [
path(‘admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
path(r‘‘,TemplateView.as_view(template_name=‘index.html‘)), #2、 增加该行
url(r‘^api/v1/auth/$‘, AuthView.as_view()),
url(r‘^api/v1/order/$‘, OrderView.as_view()), # 权限
url(r‘^api/v1/info/‘,UserInfoView.as_view()), # 权限
url(r‘^home/register/$‘, registerView.as_view()),
]
测试
普通用户访问OrderView,提示没有权限
普通用户访问UserInfoView，可以返回信息
内置权限
django-rest-framework内置权限BasePermission
默认是没有限制权限
class BasePermission(object):
"""
A base class from which all permission classes should inherit.
"""
def has_permission(self, request, view):
"""
Return `True` if permission is granted, `False` otherwise.
"""
return True
def has_object_permission(self, request, view, obj):
"""
Return `True` if permission is granted, `False` otherwise.
"""
return True
我们自己写的权限类，应该去继承BasePermission,修改之前写的permission.py文件
# utils/permission.py
from rest_framework.permissions import BasePermission
class SVIPPremission(BasePermission):
message = "必须是SVIP才能访问"
def has_permission(self,request,view):
if request.user.user_type != 3:
return False
return True
class MyPremission(BasePermission):
def has_permission(self,request,view):
if request.user.user_type == 3:
return False
return True
总结：
（1）使用
- 自己写的权限类：1.必须继承BasePermission类； 2.必须实现：has_permission方法
（2）返回值
- True 有权访问
- False 无权访问
（3）局部
- permission_classes = [MyPremission,]
（4）全局
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
#权限
"DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES":[‘api.utils.permission.SVIPPremission‘],
}
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/BlueSkyyj/p/11276064.html
时间： 2024-07-30 08:27:53