2016.5.57—— Remove Duplicates from Sorted List

Remove Duplicates from Sorted List

本题收获:

指针:

   不管什么指针在定义是就初始化:ListNode *head = NULL;

   如果给head指针赋值为第一个node节点数,则不需要开辟空间(的语句),直接:head = node; 如果另外赋值,需要开辟内存.  

   总之就是指针既要开辟内存(定义)又要赋值,只定义没有赋值的指针时野指针,危害很大。

    指针在删除不用时,删除后,需要让指针指向NULL。    delete p_t;
                                       p_t = NULL;

  题目: 

  Given a sorted linked list, delete all duplicates such that each element appear only once.

  For example,
  Given 1->1->2, return 1->2.
  Given 1->1->2->3->3, return 1->2->3.

  思路:

  我的思路:遍历,看是否相同。

  leetcode/dicuss的思路:注意题目说了是已排序的,那么就看现在的节点和下一个节点是否相同,相同的话删除(指向NULL),让下一个指向下下一个,cur->next = cur ->next ->next;

  代码:

 1 ListNode* deleteDuplicates_SimpleOneByOne_16ms(ListNode* head)
 2 {
 3     ListNode* node  = head;
 4     while(node && node->next)
 5     {
 6         if(node->val == node->next->val)
 7         {
 8             delete node->next;
 9             node->next = node->next->next;
10         }
11         else
12             node = node->next;
13     }
14
15     return head;
16 }

  代码2:测试的main函数在链表的输入输出中有 

 1 public class Solution {
 2     public ListNode deleteDuplicates(ListNode head) {
 3         if (head == null) return head;
 4
 5         ListNode cur = head;
 6         while(cur.next != null) {
 7             if (cur.val == cur.next.val) {
 8                 cur.next = cur.next.next;
 9             }
10             else cur = cur.next;
11         }
12         return head;
13     }
14 }

  2的main函数

 1 int main()
 2 {
 3     ListNode head(0), node1(1), node2(3),node3(3);            //对每一个节点赋值
 4     head.next = &node1;        //head.next是指向的地址, node是值
 5     node1.next = &node2;
 6     node2.next = &node3;
 7     node3.next = NULL;
 8     while (head.next != NULL)
 9     {
10         //cout << head.val << endl;
11         //if (head.next == NULL)
12         //{
13         //    cout << "aa" << endl;        //测试是否为空指针
14         //    break;
15         //}
16         cout << head.val <<‘ ‘;
17         head = *(head.next);            //这里要注意
18     }
19     cout << endl;
20     system("pause");
21     return 0;
22 }

  代码1的测试mian函数:

  1 #include "stdafx.h"
  2 #include "iostream"
  3 #include "vector"
  4 #include "malloc.h"
  5 using namespace std;
  6
  7 struct Listnode
  8 {
  9     int val;
 10     Listnode *next;
 11     Listnode(int x) :val(x), next(NULL){};
 12 };
 13
 14 class MyClass
 15 {
 16 public:
 17     Listnode *removeDuplicate(Listnode *head)
 18     {
 19         //cout << head->val << endl;
 20         if (head == NULL) return head;
 21             //cout << head->val<< endl;
 22         Listnode *cur;
 23         cur = head->next;
 24         if (cur->next->next == NULL)
 25             cout << ‘b‘ << endl;
 26         while (cur->next != NULL)
 27         {
 28             //cout << ‘c‘<< endl;
 29
 30             if (cur->val == cur->next->val)
 31             {
 32                 Listnode *p_t = cur->next;        //释放删除元素的内存,用了new如果要删除的话,最好释放内存
 33                 cur->next = cur->next->next;
 34                 delete p_t;
 35                 p_t = NULL;                        //不加的话很容易为垂直指针,容易内存泄漏
 36                 //cout << cur->val << endl;
 37             }
 38             else
 39                 cur = cur->next;
 40             //cout << cur->val << endl;
 41         }
 42         //cout << head->val << endl;
 43         return head;
 44         //cout << head->val << endl;
 45     }
 46
 47 };
 48
 49 //方法1:单个链表节点赋值,可以运行,但是给head1单独开辟空间,会显示空间值(why,怎么不显示)
 50
 51 int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
 52 {
 53     //指针在定义时就初始化
 54     Listnode *head1 = NULL, *node1 = NULL, *node2 = NULL, *node3 = NULL, *node4 = NULL, *head2 = NULL;        //这里粗心,应该是分号写成逗号,提示错误1.error C2040: “node1”:“Listnode”与“Listnode *”的间接寻址级别不同 2.
 55
 56     //head1 = new Listnode();                        //提示错误2:error C2440: “初始化”: 无法从“Listnode *”转换为“Listnode”    无构造函数可以接受源类型,或构造函数重载决策不明确
 57     head1 = (Listnode *)malloc(sizeof(Listnode));    //分配内存的方法
 58     head1 = 0;
 59     //head1 = (Listnode *)malloc(2);
 60
 61     node1 = new Listnode(1);
 62     node2 = new Listnode(2);
 63     node3 = new Listnode(2);
 64     node4 = new Listnode(4);
 65
 66     //head1 = node1;                //这种方法给head1指针地址最好??
 67     head1->next = node1;
 68     node1->next = node2;
 69     node2->next = node3;
 70     node3->next = node4;
 71     node4->next = NULL;
 72
 73
 74     MyClass solution;
 75     head2 = solution.removeDuplicate(head1);
 76     while(head2 != NULL)                    //输出不是for是while
 77     {
 78         cout << head2->val <<‘ ‘;
 79         head2 = head2->next;
 80     }
 81     cout << endl;
 82     system("pause");
 83     return 0;
 84 }
 85 /*
 86 //方法2:数组赋值给链表节点,这种方法OK
 87 int main()
 88 {
 89     Listnode *head1 = NULL, *node1 = NULL, *node2 = NULL, *head2 = NULL;
 90     vector<int> nums = { 1, 1, 2, 4, 6, 6 };
 91     for (size_t i = 1; i < nums.size(); i++)
 92     {
 93         node1 = new Listnode(nums.at(i));
 94         if (head1 == NULL)
 95         {
 96             head1 = node1;
 97         }
 98         else node2->next = node1;            //这两句注意注意
 99         node2 = node1;                        //在这里node2和head1并没有联系????,node2是一个指针,不是数值,注意!!!!
100     }
101
102     MyClass solution;
103     head2 = solution.removeDuplicate(head1);
104     while (head2 != NULL)                    //输出不是for是while
105     {
106         cout << head2->val << ‘ ‘;
107         head2 = head2->next;
108     }
109     cout << endl;
110     system("pause");
111     return 0;
112
113 }
114
115 //方法3:数组赋值,首先给head开辟空间,不能运行(why)                                        //这种提前给head1开辟空间的为什么不可以????
116 int main()
117 {
118     Listnode *head1 = NULL, *node1 = NULL, *node2 = NULL, *head2 = NULL;
119
120     vector<int> nums = { 1, 1, 2, 4, 6, 6 };
121     head1 = (Listnode *)malloc(sizeof(Listnode));
122     //node2 = new Listnode(nums.at(0));
123     //head1 = node2;
124     for (size_t i = 1; i < nums.size(); i++)
125     {
126         node1 = new Listnode(nums.at(i));
127         node2->next = node1;                        //将node2看做一个指针cur
128         node2 = node1;
129     }
130
131     MyClass solution;
132     head2 = solution.removeDuplicate(head1);
133     while (head2 != NULL)                    //输出不是for是while
134     {
135         cout << head2->val << ‘ ‘;
136         head2 = head2->next;
137     }
138     cout << endl;
139     system("pause");
140     return 0;
141 }*/

  在测试过程中出现错误:

    1.error C2040: “node1”:“Listnode”与“Listnode *”的间接寻址级别不同

    2.error C2440: “初始化”: 无法从“Listnode *”转换为“Listnode”    无构造函数可以接受源类型,或构造函数重载决策不明确

  这两个错误的原因是L54处将分号“;”,错写成逗号“,”,系统认为定义没有定义完,将下面一行误认为是Listnode的定义。

    还有出现如下:

    

    是因为出现空指针,这就需要检查指针的定义以及初始化,删除,删除后指向NULL,等一系列指针的操作。

      使用指针时一定注意,指针定义,初始化,赋值。

时间: 2024-10-12 20:11:30

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