一、配置环境
软件包组：
virtualization 提供虚拟机的环境，主要包含qemu-kvm
virtualization-client 管理和安装虚拟机实例的客户端，主要有Python-virtinst,virt-manager,virt-viewer
virtualization-platform 提供访问和控制虚拟客户端的接口，主要有libvirt，libvirt-client
virtualization-tools 管理离线虚拟机镜像的工具，主要有libguestfs
# cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep flags 需要全虚拟化支持为vmx(Inter)或svm（AMD）
二、配置本地yum源
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# cat local.repo [rhel_6_iso] name=local iso baseurl=file:///media gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///media/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release [HighAvailability] name=HighAvailability baseurl=file:///media/HighAvailability gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///media/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release [LoadBalancer] name=LoadBalancer baseurl=file:///media/LoadBalancer gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///media/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release [ResilientStorage] name=ResilientStorage baseurl=file:///media/ResilientStorage gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///media/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release [ScalableFileSystem] name=ScalableFileSystem baseurl=file:///media/ScalableFileSystem gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///media/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
三、安装KVM软件包
# yum groupinstall "Virtualization" "Virtualization Client" "Virtualzation Platform" -y
四、安装虚拟机
1、配置网卡桥接
由于KVM创建虚拟机时，网络默认使用nat模式，将使得虚拟机能访问外部网络，外部网络无法访问虚拟机；为了外部网络能与虚拟机正常通信，在此配置网卡桥接，创建虚拟机是使用桥接网络。
# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ # cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-br0 # cat ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE="eth0" BOOTPROTO="static" #DNS1="192.168.62.110" #HWADDR="00:50:56:25:AE:19" #IPADDR="192.168.62.201" #IPV6INIT="yes" #NETMASK="255.255.255.0" #NM_CONTROLLED="yes" ONBOOT="yes" TYPE="Ethernet" BRIDGE=br0 # cat ifcfg-br0 DEVICE="br0" BOOTPROTO="static" DNS1="192.168.62.110" IPADDR="192.168.62.201" IPV6INIT="yes" NETMASK="255.255.255.0" NM_CONTROLLED="yes" ONBOOT="yes" TYPE="Bridge"
重启网卡后可以看到eth0与br0建立桥接
# /etc/init.d/network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: bridge br0 does not exist!
[ OK ]
Shutting down interface eth1: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth1:
Determining IP information for eth1... done.
[ OK ]
Bringing up interface br0: Determining if ip address 192.168.62.201 is already in use for device br0...
[ OK ]
[[email protected] network-scripts]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:50:56:25:ae:19 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe25:ae19/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:68:3b:ef brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.63/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth1
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe68:3bef/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/ether 00:50:56:25:ae:19 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.62.201/24 brd 192.168.62.255 scope global br0
inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe25:ae19/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[[email protected] network-scripts]# brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
br0 8000.00505625ae19 no eth0
2、创建虚拟机
# virt-install --name vm01 --boot network,cdrom,menu=on --ram 512 --vcpus=1 --os-variant=rhel6 --accelerate --cdrom=/dev/sr0 --disk path=/opt/kvmimg/vm01.img,size=5,bus=virtio --bridge=br0,model=virtio --autostart --vnc --vncport=5900 --vnclisten=0.0.0.0 ERROR internal error Unable to locate libvirtd daemon in /usr/sbin (to override, set $LIBVIRTD_PATH to the name of the libvirtd binary)
此时提示错误，是由于没有安装libvirt，
# yum install libvirt* -y
# /etc/init.d/libvirtd start Starting libvirtd daemon: [ OK ]
安装完成后并启动，否则提示错误ERROR Failed to connect socket to ‘/var/run/libvirt/libvirt-sock‘: No such file or directory
重新创建虚拟机
# virt-install --name vm01 --boot network,cdrom,menu=on --ram 512 --vcpus=1 --os-variant=rhel6 --accelerate --cdrom=/dev/sr0 --disk path=/opt/kvmimg/vm01.img,size=5,bus=virtio --bridge=br0,model=virtio --autostart --vnc --vncport=5900 --vnclisten=0.0.0.0 Starting install... Creating storage file vm01.img | 5.0 GB 00:00 Creating domain... | 0 B 00:00 Cannot open display: Run ‘virt-viewer --help‘ to see a full list of available command line options Domain installation still in progress. You can reconnect to the console to complete the installation process.
关于virt-intall详细参数请查看《kvm virt-install命令选项参数说明》
此时就可以用vnc客户端连接<宿主机ip>:5900即可使用图形界面安装系统。安装过程忽略
时间： 2024-10-08 09:58:31