HPDL380G8平台11.2.0.3 RAC实施手册

1 前言

此文档详细描述了Oracle 11gR2 数据库在HPDL380G上的安装RAC的检查及安装步骤。文档中#表示root用户执行，$表示grid或oracle用户执行。

2 系统环境

1.操作系统环境

2.存储环境

3.数据库环境

4.存储规划

存储划分设计

见存储规划与风险评估报告

安装光纤卡驱动

查看系统信息

[[email protected] ~]# dmidecode |grep -A16 "System Information$"

System Information

Manufacturer: HP

Product Name: ProLiant DL380p Gen8

Version: Not Specified

Serial Number: 6CU3260KP7

UUID: 32333536-3030-4336-5533-3236304B5037

Wake-up Type: Power Switch

SKU Number: 653200-001

Family: ProLiant

Handle 0x0300, DMI type 3, 21 bytes

Chassis Information

Manufacturer: HP

Type: Rack Mount Chassis

Lock: Not Present

Version: Not Specified

Serial Number: 6CU3260KP7

[[email protected] ~]#

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/issue | grep Linux

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4 (Santiago)

上传光纤卡驱动到服务器,运行(两边都要装)

[[email protected] soft]# rpm -Uvh kmod-hpqlgc-qla2xxx-8.04.00.12.06.0_k2-1.rhel6u4.x86_64.rpm

然后执行lspci 检查所有的PCI接口的硬件设置。

[[email protected] sw]# lspci

查看如下光纤卡，就说明光纤卡驱动安装正常

07:00.0 Fibre Channel: QLogic Corp. ISP2532-based 8Gb Fibre Channel to PCI Express HBA (rev 02)

0a:00.0 Fibre Channel: QLogic Corp. ISP2532-based 8Gb Fibre Channel to PCI Express HBA (rev 02)

5.多路径软件multipath

安装multipath(两边都要)

先装device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-64.0.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

[[email protected] soft]# rpm -Uvh device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-64.0.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

再装rpm -Uvh device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-64.0.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

[[email protected] soft]# rpm -Uvh device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-64.0.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Multipath相关说明

使用Multipath进行多链路聚合并对聚合后的设备固定命名

配置multipath

1、启用Multipath：

（1）启动multipathd服务

#service multipathd start 或者 #/etc/init.d/multipathd start

（2）修改multipath配置文件/etc/multipath.conf：

# cp /usr/share/doc/device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9/multipath.conf

/etc/multipath.conf

(可以vi /etc/multipath/ bindings查看)

[[email protected] ~]$ vi /etc/multipath.conf

（3）重启multipathd服务（修改multipath.conf文件之后都应该重启multipath服务）

multipath -F

（4）扫描磁盘

#multipath -v2

使用上面命令之后，系统中会出现链路聚合之后的dm设备，同时也会在/dev/mapper/、/dev/mpath/目录下生成相应的设备。

查看multipath拓扑结构

#multipath -ll

（5）关掉其它节点的multipathd 服务

service multipathd stop

(6) 拷贝multipath.conf 到其它节点

scp /etc/multipath.conf rbdb82:/etc/

(7) 起动其它节点服务

(8)设置自动启服务(所有节点都设)

3安装检查及配置

1．检查硬件

内存，swap，tmp，安装软件的磁盘空间，shared storage

2．网卡

最少两块网卡

最好5块网卡，2块绑定为public，2块绑定为private，一块作为archive log用。不要把一卡上面的多个口子绑定在一起。

保证所有节点上public，private的接口名称相同。例如：en0在node1上是public，那么在node2上面，它的en0也必须是public。private同理。集群中所有节点的private接口必须能互相访问，配通。

3．创建用户组及用户

（两节点都要执行）

groupadd -g 501 oinstall

groupadd -g 502 dba

groupadd -g 503 asmadmin

groupadd -g 504 asmdba

groupadd -g 505 asmoper

useradd -u 501 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid

useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle

# passwd oracle

Changing password for user oracle.

New UNIX password:

BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

# passwd grid

Changing password for user grid.

New UNIX password:

BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

[[email protected] ~]#

4．网络

注意:下划线不能用作主机名。最好使用小写，不带下划线，中划线。

说明:推荐使用网卡绑定，并且最还使用主备模式。

cluster name必须满足：在整个域中的globally unique。最少一个字符，小于15个字符，与hostname的字符集相同

public host name：使用每个主机的primary host name。即：使用hostname命令显示出来的名称。

virtual hostname：The virtual host name is
a public nodename that is used to reroute client requests sent to the node if
the node is down。推荐的命名方式<public hostname>-vip，最好还是别用中划线。

VIP：必须没有使用，与public ip处于同一个子网段。必须解析（/etc/hosts或者dns）

private hostname：不需要经过dns解析，但是必须在/etc/hosts中配置。推荐命名方式<public hostname>pvt。也最好别用中划线。

private ip：不能被集群之外的servers访问；private net应该在独立的交换网络上；private net不应该是大环境的网络top的一部分；private net应该部署在千兆或者更好的以太网上。

SCANIP:多个scanIP的话不能配置在/etc/hosts，只能在DNS中，不然就只有一个生效。如果在dns中配置了ip，那么就得在所有节点上更改主机的搜索顺序

/etc/hosts配置：

（两节点都要执行）

5．时间同步

如果使用ntp同步，那么需要额外配置，如果使用Oracle Cluster Time Synchronization

Service (ctssd)同步，那么就不需要配置了。使用ctssd要做以下操作:

#Network Time
Protocol Setting

停掉服务

/sbin/service ntpd
stop

chkconfig ntpd off

删除ntp.conf 文件或改名:

rm /etc/ntp.conf

或

mv /etc/ntp.conf to
/etc/ntp.conf.org

6．内核参数

（两节点都要执行）

root用户更改(以下改系统参数据都在ROOT)

/etc/sysctl.conf

#/sbin/sysctl -p立即生效

说明:由于 kernel.shmall设置的为默认的2097152也就是最小值设置，

我的机器是64GB内存的 应该设置为如下 ，或者更大才行。

kernel.shmall =8388608

For example, if the sum of all the SGAs on the system is 16Gb and the result of ‘$ getconf PAGE_SIZE‘ is 4096 (4Kb) then set shmall to 4194304 (4Mb)

7．限制参数

（在ROOT下,两节点都要执行）

/etc/security/limits.conf

/etc/pam.d/login file,如果不存在就加上一下行

/etc/profile，增加以下内容

如果是C-shell

For the C shell (csh or tcsh), add the following lines to
the /etc/csh.login file:

if ( $USER = "oracle" || $USER =
"grid" ) then

limit maxproc 16384

limit descriptors 65536

endif

在其他节点上重复上述操作

8．创建目录

（在ROOT下,两节点都要执行）

oracle Inventory
Directory

其实可以不用创建，初始目录只要权限够了，那么安装时会自动创建。

mkdir -p
/u01/app/oraInventory

chown -R grid:oinstall
/u01/app/oraInventory

chmod -R 775
/u01/app/oraInventory

创建grid 的 ORACLE_HOME 目录

mkdir -p
/u01/app/grid/product/11.2.0

chown -R grid:oinstall
/u01/app/grid/product/11.2.0

chmod -R 775
/u01/app/grid/product/11.2.0

创建oracle 的ORACLE_BASE目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

mkdir /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs

chown -R oracle:oinstall
/u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

创建rdbms 的 ORACLE_HOME目录

mkdir -p
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

chown -R oracle:oinstall
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

9．检查软件环境

以下是Oracle Enterprise Linux
5 64位系统需要的包

binutils-2.15.92.0.2

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 (32 bit)

elfutils-libelf-0.97

elfutils-libelf-devel-0.97

expat-1.95.7

gcc-3.4.6

gcc-c++-3.4.6

glibc-2.3.4-2.41

glibc-2.3.4-2.41 (32 bit)

glibc-common-2.3.4

glibc-devel-2.3.4

glibc-headers-2.3.4

libaio-0.3.105

libaio-0.3.105 (32 bit)

libaio-devel-0.3.105

libaio-devel-0.3.105 (32 bit)

libgcc-3.4.6

libgcc-3.4.6 (32-bit)

libstdc++-3.4.6

libstdc++-3.4.6 (32 bit)

libstdc++-devel 3.4.6

make-3.80

pdksh-5.2.14

sysstat-5.0.5

unixODBC-2.2.11

unixODBC-2.2.11 (32 bit)

unixODBC-devel-2.2.11

unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 (32 bit)

rpm -q --qf ‘%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n‘
binutils \

compat-libstdc++-33 \

elfutils-libelf \

elfutils-libelf-devel \

gcc \

gcc-c++ \

glibc \

glibc-common \

glibc-devel \

glibc-headers \

ksh \

libaio \

libaio-devel \

libgcc \

libstdc++ \

libstdc++-devel \

make \

sysstat \

unixODBC \

unixODBC-devel

如果发现有包没安装,进入光盘的目录下,进入Server目录下安装.

10.关闭SELINUX和服务

Vi /etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=disabled

关掉防火墙

[[email protected]
Packages]# chkconfig --level 2345 ip6tables off

[[email protected]
Packages]# chkconfig --level 2345 iptables off

关服务

chkconfig --level 35
autofs off

chkconfig --level 35
acpid off

chkconfig --level 35
sendmail off

chkconfig --level 35
cups-config-daemon off

chkconfig --level 35
cpus off

chkconfig --level 35
xfs off

chkconfig
--level 35 lm_sensors off

chkconfig
--level 35 gpm off

chkconfig --level 35
openibd off

chkconfig --level 35
iiim off

chkconfig --level 35
pcmcia off

chkconfig --level 35
cpuspeed off

chkconfig --level 35
nfslock off

chkconfig --level 35
ip6tables off
chkconfig --level 35 rpcidmapd off

chkconfig --level 35
apmd off

chkconfig --level 35
sendmail off

chkconfig --level 35
arptables_jf off

chkconifg --level 35
microcode_ctl off

chkconfig
--level 35 rpcgssd off

11. ASM

有两个不同方法可在 Linux 上配置 ASM：

使用 ASMLib I/O 的 ASM：此方法使用 ASMLib 调用在由 ASM 管理的原始块设备上创建所有 Oracle 数据库文件。由于 ASMLib 使用块设备，因此该方法不需要原始设备。

使用标准 Linux I/O 的 ASM：此方法使用标准 Linux I/O 系统调用在 ASM 管理的原始字符设备上创建所有 Oracle 数据库文件。您将需要为 ASM 使用的所有磁盘分区创建原始设备。 (裸设备)

我们将在此处介绍“使用 ASMLib I/O 的 ASM”。

安装ASM

下载ASMLib

首先，从  Red Hat找到 kmod-oracleasm来安装oracleasm ，oracleasm-2.6.9-22.ELsmp-2.0.0-1.x86_64.rpm -（适用于多处理器）从这个网址(http://www.oracle.com/technology/global/cn/tech/linux/asmlib/install.html)下载ASMLib
软件。首先，下载适用于多处理器 Linux 服务器的为 ASM 库提供内核驱动程序：

还将需要下载以下两个支持文件：

oracleasmlib-2.0.0-1.x86_64.rpm -（提供实际的 ASM 库）
oracleasm-support-2.0.0-1.x86_64.rpm -（提供用来使 ASM 驱动程序启动并运行的公用程序）

安装ASMLib

我们将把ASMLib文件安装到两台多处理器计算机中。安装过程只需要您以 root 用户帐户的身份在集群中的所有节点上运行以下命令即可：

[[email protected] asm]# ls -l

total 128

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 33840 May 31 11:48
kmod-oracleasm-2.0.6.rh1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 13300 Oct 12 17:30 oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 74984 Oct 12 17:30
oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

[[email protected] asm]#

rpm -ivh  oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh  kmod-oracleasm-2.0.6.rh1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh  oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

配置 ASMLib

现在已经安装了 ASMLib 软件，系统管理员必须执行几个步骤来使 ASM 驱动程序可用。需要加载 ASM 驱动程序，并且需要装载驱动程序文件系统。数据库以 ‘ grid ‘ 用户和 ‘ oinstall‘ 用户组身份运行，安装过程只需要您以 root 用户帐户的身份在集群中的所有节点上运行以下命令即可：

/etc/init.d/oracleasm configure

这应加载 oracleasm.o 驱动程序模块并装载 ASM 驱动程序文件系统。通过在配置期间选择 enabled = ‘y‘，系统将始终在启动时加载该模块并装载文件系统。

使磁盘对 ASMLib 可用

（注意：与本节中的其他任务不同，创建ASMLib文件系统应只在一个节点上执行。我们将只从 linux1执行本节中的所有命令。）

系统管理员有最后一项任务。需要使 ASMLib 要访问的每一个磁盘可用。这是通过创建一个 ASM 磁盘来实现的。/etc/init.d/oracleasm 脚本将再次用于这个任务：

/etc/init.d/oracleasm
createdisk  OCR_VOTE01     /dev/mapper/mpath0

/etc/init.d/oracleasm
createdisk  OCR_VOTE02     /dev/mapper/mpath1

/etc/init.d/oracleasm
createdisk  OCR_VOTE03     /dev/mapper/mpath2

/etc/init.d/oracleasm
createdisk  DATA01         /dev/mapper/mpath3

/etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk  DATA02/dev/mapper/mpath4

/etc/init.d/oracleasm
createdisk  ARCH           /dev/mapper/mpath5

如果要删除，需要执行：

/etc/init.d/oracleasm deletedisk  DATA01

/etc/init.d/oracleasm deletedisk  /dev/mapper/mpath3

当向 RAC 设置中添加磁盘时，需要通知其他节点该磁盘的存在。在一个节点上运行 ‘createdisk‘ 命令，然后在其他每一个节点上运行 ‘scandisks‘：

/etc/init.d/oracleasm scandisks

列出和查询现有的磁盘

我们可以使用以下命令在所有节点上以 root用户帐户的身份测试是否成功创建了 ASM 磁盘：

/etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks;

ARCH

DATA01

DATA02

OCR_VOTE01

OCR_VOTE02

OCR_VOTE03

其他命令说明

可以利用 /etc/init.d/oracleasm 的 ‘enable‘ 和 ‘disable‘ 选项来启用或禁用自动启动。

/etc/init.d/oracleasm disable

Writing Oracle ASM library driver
configuration            [  OK  ]

Unmounting ASMlib driver filesystem                        [  OK  ]

Unloading module "oracleasm"                               [  OK  ]

/etc/init.d/oracleasm enable

Writing Oracle ASM library driver
configuration            [  OK  ]

Loading module "oracleasm"                                 [  OK  ]

Mounting ASMlib driver filesystem                          [  OK  ]

Scanning system for ASM disks                              [  OK  ]

磁盘名称是 ASCII 大写字母、数字和下划线。它们必须以字母开始。

不再被 ASM 使用的磁盘也可以取消标记：

/etc/init.d/oracleasm deletedisk
VOL1

Deleting Oracle ASM disk
"VOL1"                            [OK  ]

可以查询任意的操作系统磁盘，以了解它是否被 ASM 使用：

/etc/init.d/oracleasm querydisk

/etc/init.d/oracleasm querydisk   ASM1

Checking if device "/dev/sdg" is
an Oracle ASM disk        [  OK  ]

Linux
ASMLib 的发现字符串

ASMLib 使用发现字符串来确定 ASM 正在请求哪些磁盘。一般的 Linux ASMLib 使用 glob 字符串。字符串必须以 "ORCL:" 为前缀。磁盘通过名称来指定。可以通过发现字符串 "ORCL:VOL1" 在 ASM 中，发现以名称 "VOL1" 创建的磁盘。类似地，可以用发现字符串
"ORCL:VOL*" 来查询所有以字符串 "VOL" 开始的磁盘。

不能在发现字符串中用路径名称来发现磁盘。如果缺少前缀，那么一般的 Linux ASMLib 将完全忽略发现字符串，认为它适用于一个不同的 ASMLib。唯一的例外是空字符串 ("")，它被认为是一个全通配符。这与发现字符串 "ORCL:*" 完全等价。

注意：一旦您用 Linux ASMLib 标记了磁盘，那么OUI 将不能发现您的磁盘。建议您完成“仅限于软件” (Software Only) 的安装，然后使用 DBCA 来创建数据库（或者使用自定义安装）。

检查 SAM磁盘权限：

[[email protected] ~]# ll /dev/oracleasm/disks/

total 0

brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 64 Nov 15 15:36 ARCH

brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 48 Nov 15 15:36 DATA01

brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 80 Nov 15 15:36 DATA02

brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 16 Nov 15 15:36 OCR_VOTE01

brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 32 Nov 15 15:36 OCR_VOTE02

brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8,  0 Nov
15 15:36 OCR_VOTE03

注意2两个问题:

1,如果ASM服务无法自启动，则加以下两条命令

su – root

cd /etc/rc5.d/

ln -s ../init.d/oracleasm S99oracleasm

ln -s ../init.d/oracleasm K01oracleasm

2,修改所有节点/etc/sysconfig/oracleasm文件(很重要)

ORACLEASM_ENABLED=true

ORACLEASM_UID=grid

ORACLEASM_GID=asmadmin

ORACLEASM_SCANBOOT=true

ORACLEASM_SCANORDER="mpath
sd"

ORACLEASM_SCANEXCLUDE=""

12.上传11G和RAC安装包解压

unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip

unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip

chown -R grid:oinstall grid

chown -R oracle:oinstall database

4.GI安装

su -
grid

grid的环境变量：rbdb81和rbdb82相同

vi
/home/grid/.bash_profile

开始安装GI

cd /soft/11grac/grid

./runInstaller

安装之前检查节点时间要差不多相同，因为自动同步服务还没有，只有安装完成后才有。

上面一步添加好以后点击setup创建互信

可以在test一下

rbdb81->grid>上执行

[grid@rbdb81
~]$ ssh rbdb82 date

2013年 11月 5日 星期四 17:27:58
CST

[[email protected] ~]$

rbdb82上执行

[[email protected] ~]$ ssh rbdb81 date

2013年 11月 5日 星期四 17:28:09
CST

[[email protected] rbdb82 ~]$

以上如果都不需要密码那么互信就好了

检查结果：有几个内核

参数检测失败，更改时必须两个节点都更改

kernel.shmall = 2097152

fs.file-max = 6815744

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

对于包：（rbdb82可以使用scp拷贝rbdb81上面的包）

[[email protected] rpm]# rpm
-ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm

Preparing...########################################### [100%]

Using default group
oinstall to install package

1:cvuqdisk########################################### [100%]

[[email protected] rpm]# pwd

/software/grid/rpm

[[email protected] rpm]#

重新检查后，剩下swap和DNS的错误，swap错误现在不能解决，没有虚拟磁盘了，加盘需要重启。DNS不需要配置，所以就直接下一步

如果碰到以上问题,就要解决ASM的共享问题,在ASM节中有说明

进入安装光盘安装

[[email protected] Packages]# rpm -ivh compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64.rpm

warning: compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature,
key ID ec551f03: NOKEY

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:compat-libcap1 ###########################################
[100%]

[[email protected] Packages]# pwd

/media/OL6.4 x86_64 Disc 1 20130225/Packages

跑脚本时一定要依次跑，第一个在node1跑完成功后，再在node2上跑，第一个在所有节点上都跑完成功后才跑第二个，跑法与第一个相同。跑的时候最好grid用户登录后再直接[[email protected] ~]$ su进入root用户，这样能保留grid用户的环境变量。

rbdb81：脚本一：/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

[[email protected] ~]$ id

uid=501(grid) gid=501(oinstall) groups=501(oinstall),503(asmadmin),504(asmdba),505(asmoper)

[[email protected] ~]$ su

Password:

[[email protected] grid]#
/oracle/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /oracle/app/oraInventory.

Adding read,write permissions for group.

Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /oracle/app/oraInventory to oinstall.

The execution of the script is complete.

[[email protected] grid]# id

uid=0(root) gid=0(root)
groups=0(root),1(bin),2(daemon),3(sys),4(adm),6(disk),10(wheel)

[[email protected] grid]#

rbdb82脚本一：/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

[[email protected] ~]$ id

uid=501(grid) gid=501(oinstall)
groups=501(oinstall),503(asmadmin),504(asmdba),505(asmoper)

[[email protected] ~]$ su

Password:

[[email protected] grid]# id

uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root),1(bin),2(daemon),3(sys),4(adm),6(disk),10(wheel)

[[email protected] grid]#
/oracle/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /oracle/app/oraInventory.

Adding read,write permissions for group.

Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /oracle/app/oraInventory to oinstall.

The execution of the script is complete.

[[email protected] grid]#

rbdb81脚本二：/oracle/11.2.0/grid/crs/root.sh

[[email protected] grid]# id

uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root),1(bin),2(daemon),3(sys),4(adm),6(disk),10(wheel)

[[email protected] grid]# /oracle/11.2.0/grid/crs/root.sh

Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g

The following environment variables are set as:

ORACLE_OWNER= grid

ORACLE_HOME=  /oracle/11.2.0/grid/crs

Enter the full
pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: --回车

Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin
...

Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin
...

Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin
...

Creating /etc/oratab file...

Entries will be added
to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

Using configuration parameter file: /oracle/11.2.0/grid/crs/crs/install/crsconfig_params

Creating trace directory

User ignored Prerequisites during installation

OLR initialization - successful

root wallet

root wallet cert

root cert export

peer wallet

profile reader wallet

pa wallet

peer wallet keys

pa wallet keys

peer cert request

pa cert request

peer cert

pa cert

peer root cert TP

profile reader root cert TP

pa root cert TP

peer pa cert TP

pa peer cert TP

profile reader pa cert TP

profile reader peer cert TP

peer user cert

pa user cert

Adding Clusterware entries to inittab

CRS-2672: Attempting to start ‘ora.mdnsd‘ on ‘node1‘

CRS-2676: Start of ‘ora.mdnsd‘ on ‘node1‘ succeeded

CRS-2672: Attempting to start ‘ora.gpnpd‘ on ‘node1‘

CRS-2676: Start of ‘ora.gpnpd‘ on ‘node1‘ succeeded

CRS-2672: Attempting to start ‘ora.cssdmonitor‘ on ‘node1‘

CRS-2672: Attempting to start ‘ora.gipcd‘ on ‘node1‘

CRS-2676: Start of ‘ora.gipcd‘ on ‘node1‘ succeeded

CRS-2676: Start of ‘ora.cssdmonitor‘ on ‘node1‘ succeeded

CRS-2672: Attempting
to start ‘ora.cssd‘ on ‘node1‘

CRS-2672: Attempting to start ‘ora.diskmon‘ on ‘node1‘

CRS-2676: Start of
‘ora.diskmon‘ on ‘node1‘ succeeded

CRS-2676: Start of ‘ora.cssd‘ on ‘node1‘ succeeded

已成功创建并启动 ASM。

已成功创建磁盘组OCR_VOTE。

clscfg: -install mode specified

Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.

Creating OCR keys for user ‘root‘, privgrp ‘root‘..

Operation successful.

CRS-4256: Updating the profile

Successful addition of voting disk 16a36bc2d6d04fb2bf0f1da5fab701a9.

Successfully replaced voting disk group with +OCR_VOTE.

CRS-4256: Updating the profile

CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced

##  STATE    File Universal Id                File Name Disk group

--  -----    -----------------                --------- ---------

1. ONLINE   16a36bc2d6d04fb2bf0f1da5fab701a9
(/dev/raw/raw1) [OCR_VOTE]

Located 1 voting disk(s).

CRS-2672: Attempting to start ‘ora.asm‘ on ‘node1‘

CRS-2676: Start of ‘ora.asm‘ on ‘node1‘ succeeded

CRS-2672: Attempting to start ‘ora.OCR_VOTE.dg‘ on ‘node1‘

CRS-2676: Start of
‘ora.OCR_VOTE.dg‘ on ‘node1‘ succeeded

CRS-2672: Attempting to start ‘ora.registry.acfs‘ on ‘node1‘

CRS-2676: Start of
‘ora.registry.acfs‘ on ‘node1‘ succeeded

Configure Oracle Grid
Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded

[[email protected] grid]#

rbdb82脚本二：/oracle/11.2.0/grid/crs/root.sh

[[email protected] grid]# id

uid=0(root) gid=0(root)
groups=0(root),1(bin),2(daemon),3(sys),4(adm),6(disk),10(wheel)

[[email protected] grid]# /oracle/11.2.0/grid/crs/root.sh

Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g

The following environment variables are set as:

ORACLE_OWNER= grid

ORACLE_HOME=  /oracle/11.2.0/grid/crs

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:

Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin
...

Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin
...

Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin
...

Creating /etc/oratab file...

Entries will be added
to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

Using configuration parameter file:
/oracle/11.2.0/grid/crs/crs/install/crsconfig_params

Creating trace directory

User ignored Prerequisites during installation

OLR initialization - successful

Adding Clusterware entries to inittab

CRS-4402: The CSS daemon was started in exclusive mode but found an active
CSS daemon on node node1, number 1, and is terminating

An active cluster was found during exclusive startup, restarting to join
the cluster

Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ...
succeeded

[[email protected] grid]#

跑完脚本然后点OK

到100%的时候报错，可以直接点击OK，然后skip。查看日志发现几个error，

INFO: Checking name resolution setup for "dbscan"...

INFO: ERROR:

INFO: PRVG-1101 : SCAN
name "dbscan" failed to resolve

INFO: ERROR:

INFO: PRVF-4657 : Name resolution setup check for "dbscan" (IP
address: 192.168.16.30) failed

INFO: ERROR:

INFO: PRVF-4664 : Found inconsistent name resolution entries for SCAN name
"dbscan"

INFO: Verification of SCAN VIP and Listener setup failed

INFO: Checking OLR integrity...

INFO: Checking OLR config file...

INFO: OLR config file check successful

INFO: Checking OLR file attributes...

INFO: OLR file check successful

INFO: WARNING:

INFO: Checking name resolution setup for "dbscan"...

INFO: ERROR:

INFO: PRVG-1101 : SCAN
name "dbscan" failed to resolve

INFO: ERROR:

INFO: PRVF-4657 : Name resolution setup check for "dbscan" (IP
address: 192.168.16.30) failed

INFO: ERROR:

INFO: PRVF-4664 : Found inconsistent name resolution entries for SCAN name
"dbscan"

INFO: Verification of
SCAN VIP and Listener setup failed

INFO: Checking OLR integrity...

INFO: Checking OLR config file...

INFO: OLR config file check successful

INFO: Checking OLR file attributes...

INFO: OLR file check successful

这个错误是scan解析失败，在os中ping一下scanip和scan name如果能ping通的话，那就没问题，直接ok，然后skip

安装完成后，启动的asm实例自动加上了1和2

[[email protected] grid]$ ps -ef|grep asm

grid     17770     1  0
18:23 ?        00:00:00 asm_pmon_+ASM1

grid     17772     1  0
18:23 ?        00:00:00 asm_psp0_+ASM1

grid     17776     1  0
18:23 ?        00:00:00 asm_vktm_+ASM1

[[email protected] grid]# ps –ef | grep asm

grid     23639     1  0
18:30 ?        00:00:00 asm_pmon_+ASM2

grid     23641     1  0
18:30 ?        00:00:00 asm_psp0_+ASM2

grid     23643     1  0
18:30 ?        00:00:00 asm_vktm_+ASM2

5.ORACLE安装

su - oracle

准备环境变量

rbdb81，rbdb82只需要更改sid。（可能在这里配置sid无效了，最后也会自动加上1和2，就像asm的sid一样）

vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

运行runInstaller 开始安装

./runInstaller

配置oracle用户的互信，与GI中的类似

[[email protected] ~]$ ssh node2 date

2012年 12月 20日 星期四
19:15:06 CST

[[email protected] ~]$

[[email protected] ~]$ ssh node1 date

2012年 12月 20日 星期四
19:15:13 CST

[[email protected] ~]$

后面两个错误都是DNS解析的问题，可以不管。第一个错误现在没有虚拟磁盘，不能解决。直接全部忽略，next

跑脚本，node1跑完成功后再在node2跑

node1

[[email protected] db_1]# id

uid=0(root) gid=0(root)
groups=0(root),1(bin),2(daemon),3(sys),4(adm),6(disk),10(wheel)

[[email protected] db_1]# /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g

The following environment variables are set as:

ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

ORACLE_HOME=  /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: --回车

The contents of "dbhome" have not changed. No need to overwrite.

The contents of "oraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.

The contents of "coraenv" have not changed. No need to
overwrite.

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

Finished product-specific
root actions.

[[email protected] db_1]#

node2：

[[email protected] db_1]# id

uid=0(root) gid=0(root)
groups=0(root),1(bin),2(daemon),3(sys),4(adm),6(disk),10(wheel)

[[email protected] db_1]# /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g

The following environment variables are set as:

ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

ORACLE_HOME=  /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:

The contents of "dbhome" have not changed. No need to overwrite.

The contents of "oraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.

The contents of "coraenv" have not changed. No need to
overwrite.

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

Finished product-specific
root actions.

[[email protected] db_1]#

跑完后点OK

6.ASM磁盘组

用ASMCA创建磁盘组

[[email protected] ~]# su - grid

[[email protected] ~]$ asmca

Create 新建DG

选定磁盘点,用external,点OK

7.DBCA建库

[[email protected] ~]$ su - oracle

Password:

[[email protected] ~]$ dbca

Recbok

这里重要,要设置好字符集

8.参数设定

1.设置归档路径

SQL> show parameter log_archive_dest;

SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1=‘location=+ARCH‘
scope=spfile sid=‘*‘;

2.开启归档,在mount状态下

SQL> startup mount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2.0243E+10 bytes

Fixed Size      2237088 bytes

Variable Size       2952793440 bytes

Database Buffers    1.7247E+10 bytes

Redo Buffers           41189376 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> alter database archivelog;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database open;

3.设置SGA =40%

SQL> show parameter sga

NAME                TYPE   VALUE

------------------------------------
----------- ------------------------------

lock_sga                 boolean   
FALSE

pre_page_sga            boolean    FALSE

sga_max_size            big integer 19392M

sga_target               big integer 19392M

SQL> alter system set sga_target=25000M
scope=spfile sid=‘*‘;

System altered.

4.设置PGA=20%

SQL> show parameter pga

NAME                     TYPE  
VALUE

------------------------------------
----------- ------------------------------

pga_aggregate_target             big integer 6458M

SQL> alter system set
pga_aggregate_target=12000M scope=spfile sid=‘*‘;

System altered.

5.job 参数

SQL> show parameter job

NAME                     TYPE  
VALUE

------------------------------------
----------- ------------------------------

job_queue_processes          integer    1000

SQL> alter system set
job_queue_processes=100 scope=spfile sid=‘*‘;

System altered.

6.增加控制文件

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup nomount;

ORACLE instance started.

[[email protected] ~]$ rman target /

RMAN> restore controlfile to
‘+DATA02/rbdbon8/controlfile/control01.ctl‘

from ‘+DATA01/rbdbon8/controlfile/current.256.831579049‘;

Starting restore at 18-NOV-13

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=82 instance=rbdbon81 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: copied control file copy

Finished restore at 18-NOV-13

RMAN>exit

su - grid

asmcmd

ASMCMD> ls

control01.ctl

current.256.831809041

ASMCMD> ls -s

Block_Size  Blocks     BytesSpace  Name

control01.ctl => +DATA02/RBDBON8/CONTROLFILE/current.256.831809041

16384    112918497536  25165824  current.256.831809041

ASMCMD> pwd

+data02/rbdbon8/controlfile

进入sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> alter system set control_files=‘+DATA01/rbdbon8/controlfile/current.256.831579049‘,

‘+DATA02/rbdbon8/controlfile/control01.ctl‘
scope=spfile sid=‘*‘;

System altered.

验证

SQL> select value from v$spparameter where
name=‘control_files‘;

VALUE

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+DATA01/rbdbon8/controlfile/current.256.831579049

+DATA02/rbdbon8/controlfile/control01.ctl

重启数据库验证

SQL> set linesize 250

SQL> col name for a50

SQL> select * from v$controlfile;

STATUS  NAME                           IS_ BLOCK_SIZE FILE_SIZE_BLKS

------- -------------------------------------------------- ---
---------- --------------

+DATA01/rbdbon8/controlfile/current.256.831579049  NO       16384       1128

+DATA02/rbdbon8/controlfile/control01.ctl      NO   16384       1128

SQL> select value from v$spparameter where
name=‘control_files‘;

VALUE

-----------------------------------------------------

+DATA01/rbdbon8/controlfile/current.256.831579049

+DATA02/rbdbon8/controlfile/control01.ctl

7.ocr镜像

先用ASM增加一个名为OCRVOTEMO1的磁盘组,然后按以下完成

[[email protected] rmanbak]# su - grid

[[email protected] ~]$ ocrcheck

Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :

Version                  :          3

Total space (kbytes)     :262120

Used space (kbytes)      :       2888

Available space (kbytes) :     259232

ID                       : 1532418355

Device/File Name         : +OCRVOTE

Device/File
integrity check succeeded

Device/File
not configured

Device/File
not configured

Device/File
not configured

Device/File
not configured

Cluster registry integrity check succeeded

Logical corruption check bypassed due to
non-privileged user

[[email protected] ~]$ ocrconfig -add +OCRVOTEMO1

PROT-20: Insufficient permission to proceed. Require privileged
user

[[email protected] ~]$ su root

Password:

[[email protected] grid]# ocrconfig -add +OCRVOTEMO1

[[email protected] grid]# cd
/etc/oracle

[[email protected] oracle]# ls

lastgasp  ocr.loc  ocr.loc.origolr.loc  olr.loc.orig  oprocdscls_scr  setasmgid

[[email protected] oracle]# cat
ocr.loc

#Device/file  getting replaced by device +OCRVOTEMO1

ocrconfig_loc=+OCRVOTE

ocrmirrorconfig_loc=+OCRVOTEMO1

local_only=false[[email protected]
oracle]#

[[email protected] oracle]# ocrcheck

Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :

Version                  :          3

Total space (kbytes)     :262120

Used space (kbytes)      :2904

Available space (kbytes) :     259216

ID                       : 1532418355

Device/File Name         :+OCRVOTE

Device/File
integrity check succeeded

Device/File Name         : +OCRVOTEMO1

Device/File
integrity check succeeded

Device/File
not configured

Device/File
not configured

Device/File
not configured

Cluster registry integrity check succeeded

Logical corruption check succeeded

8.日志组设置

两边数据库启动时,使用以下脚本在sqlplus / as sysdba 中运行

1,创建4组日志组,大小为512M

alter
database add logfile thread 1 group 5 ‘+DATA01‘ size 512M;

alter
database add logfile thread 2 group 6 ‘+DATA01‘ size 512M;

alter
database add logfile thread 1 group 7 ‘+DATA01‘ size 512M;

alter
database add logfile thread 2 group 8 ‘+DATA01‘ size 512M;

2,切归档,切到原来4组不在current状态

alter
system archive log current;

3,删除原来的日志组(只有52M,不够用,删掉)

alter
database drop logfile group 1;

alter
database drop logfile group 2;

alter
database drop logfile group 3;

alter
database drop logfile group 4;

4,增加4组新的日志组

alter
database add logfile thread 1 group 1 ‘+DATA01‘ size 512M;

alter
database add logfile thread 2 group 2 ‘+DATA01‘ size 512M;

alter
database add logfile thread 1 group 3 ‘+DATA01‘ size 512M;

alter
database add logfile thread 2 group 4 ‘+DATA01‘ size 512M;

9.processes

SQL>
show parameter proces

NAME                                        TYPE      
VALUE

------------------------------------
----------- ------------------------------

aq_tm_processes
                integer  
1

cell_offload_processing
              boolean
TRUE

db_writer_processes                      integer  
4

gcs_server_processes                     integer  
3

global_txn_processes                    integer  
1

job_queue_processes                     integer  
100

log_archive_max_processes    integer   4

processes                        integer  
150

processor_group_name            string

SQL>
alter system set processes=5000 scope=spfile sid=‘*‘;

System
altered.

10.设置RMAN策略

1, 设置备份为2份

CONFIGURE
RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;

2,设置控制文件自动备份

CONFIGURE
CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

CONFIGURE
CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO
‘/rmanbak/autocontrol/%F‘;

3,全备脚本

11.增加静态监听

Netca

设置端口

Netmgr(两节点都要做)

12.tnsnames.ore文件

在客服端,HOSTS文件要增加

192.168.1.208  rbdb81

192.168.1.209  rbdb82

192.168.1.210  rbdb8scan

来自为知笔记(Wiz)