RAC 10.2.0.5，客户端登陆间断遭遇ORA-12545

试验环境：

服务端：OEL 5.7 + Oracle 10.2.0.5
RAC

客户端：Windows 7 + Oracle 11.2.0.1
Client

1.客户端登陆间断遭遇ORA-12545，现象如下：

C:\Users\xiaoyu>sqlplus system/[email protected]192.168.1.171/jy.oracle.com

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期二 5月 20 19:43:52 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
ERROR:

ORA-12545: 因目标主机或对象不存在, 连接失败
请输入用户名:

C:\Users\xiaoyu>sqlplus system/[email protected]192.168.1.171/jy.oracle.com
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期二 5月 20 19:44:03 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
连接到:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options
SQL> exit

从 Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options 断开
C:\Users\xiaoyu>sqlplus system/[email protected]192.168.1.171/jy.oracle.com
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期二 5月 20 19:44:06 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
ERROR:

ORA-12545: 因目标主机或对象不存在, 连接失败
请输入用户名:

2.检查相关配置信息：

2.1.检查网络：

ping 192.168.1.171 -t 

网络没有丢包（实验过程遇到的网络是有丢包的是路由问题，已经事先将网络问题解决，但还报错）

tnsping 192.168.1.171 1000 

也很顺畅

2.2.检查RAC节点1主机的/etc/hosts内容：

[[email protected] ~]$ more /etc/hosts

# Do not remove the following line, or various programs

# that require network functionality will fail.

127.0.0.1               localhost.localdomain localhost

::1             localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

192.168.1.171   rac1-server

192.168.1.172   rac1-server-vip

192.168.1.173   rac2-server

192.168.1.174   rac2-server-vip
10.10.10.171    rac1-server-priv

10.10.10.173    rac2-server-priv

[[email protected]-server ~]$ 

2.3.检查确认RAC节点1数据库的各种名字

[[email protected] admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Tue May 20 08:19:43 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.
Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options
SQL> show parameter name
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

db_file_name_convert                 string

db_name                              string      jy

db_unique_name                       string      jy

global_names                         boolean     FALSE

instance_name                        string      jy1

lock_name_space                      string

log_file_name_convert                string

service_names                        string      jy.oracle.com

SQL> 

2.4.检查RAC节点1主机的监听配置文件：

[[email protected] ~]$ cd /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin

[[email protected]-server admin]$ ls

listener.ora  samples  shrept.lst  tnsnames.ora

[[email protected]-server admin]$ more listener.ora

# listener.ora.rac1-server Network Configuration File: /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora.rac1-server

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER_RAC1-SERVER =

  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =

    (DESCRIPTION =

      (ADDRESS_LIST =

        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1-server-vip)(PORT = 1521)(IP = FIRST))

      )

      (ADDRESS_LIST =

        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.171)(PORT = 1521)(IP = FIRST))

      )

      (ADDRESS_LIST =

        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC))

      )

    )

  )
[[email protected]-server admin]$

2.5.检查RAC节点1的监听状态：

[[email protected]server admin]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on 20-MAY-2014 07:58:46
Copyright (c) 1991, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     LISTENER_RAC1-SERVER

Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production

Start Date                20-MAY-2014 07:06:32

Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 52 min. 14 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File   /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File         /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener_rac1-server.log

Listening Endpoints Summary...

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.172)(PORT=1521)))

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.171)(PORT=1521)))

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))

Services Summary...

Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "+ASM1", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "+ASM_XPT" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "+ASM1", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "jy.oracle.com" has 2 instance(s).

  Instance "jy1", status READY, has 2 handler(s) for this service...

  Instance "jy2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "jyXDB.oracle.com" has 2 instance(s).

  Instance "jy1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

  Instance "jy2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "jy_XPT.oracle.com" has 2 instance(s).

  Instance "jy1", status READY, has 2 handler(s) for this service...

  Instance "jy2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

[[email protected]-server admin]$  

3.解决思路：

3.1查看ora-12545错误号

[[email protected] admin]$ oerr ora 12545

12545, 00000, "Connect failed because target host or object does not exist"

// *Cause: The address specified is not valid, or the program being

// connected to does not exist.

// *Action: Ensure the ADDRESS parameters have been entered correctly; the

// most likely incorrect parameter is the node name.  Ensure that the

// executable for the server exists (perhaps "oracle" is missing.)

// If the protocol is TCP/IP, edit the TNSNAMES.ORA file to change the

// host name to a numeric IP address and try again.

[[email protected] admin]$ 

3.2检查Windows客户机的hosts配置

路径：C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts

添加RAC集群环境对外的public地址和网络名的对应关系：

# Copyright (c) 1993-2009 Microsoft Corp.

#

# This is a sample HOSTS file used by Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows.

#

# This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to host names. Each

# entry should be kept on an individual line. The IP address should

# be placed in the first column followed by the corresponding host name.

# The IP address and the host name should be separated by at least one

# space.

#

# Additionally, comments (such as these) may be inserted on individual

# lines or following the machine name denoted by a ‘#‘ symbol.

#

# For example:

#

#      102.54.94.97     rhino.acme.com          # source server

#       38.25.63.10     x.acme.com              # x client host

# localhost name resolution is handled within DNS itself.

#     127.0.0.1       localhost

#     ::1             localhost

#127.0.0.1     webiq-cdn.appspot.com

192.168.1.171   rac1-server

192.168.1.172   rac1-server-vip
192.168.1.173   rac2-server

192.168.1.174   rac2-server-vip

添加成功后测试客户端连接不会再遭遇ORA-12545。

4.延伸：

针对RAC环境，客户端tnsnames.ora配置参考：

路径：F:\app\xiaoyu\product\11.2.0\client_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora

JY =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1-server-vip)(PORT = 1521))

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac2-server-vip)(PORT = 1521))

    (LOAD_BALANCE = yes)

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

      (SERVICE_NAME = jy.oracle.com)

      (FAILOVER_MODE =

           (TYPE = session)

           (METHOD = basic)

           (RETRIES = 180)

           (DELAY = 5)

      )

    )

  )

5.总结：

客户端连接RAC环境，客户端需要配置hosts文件。否则会间断遭遇ORA-12545。

RAC 10.2.0.5，客户端登陆间断遭遇ORA-12545