下面介绍两种编译方式：
1、在已有的PHP上编译pthreads扩展
注：需要动态加载pthreads模块，之前在编译php时必须启用--enable-maintainer-zts；否则需要重新编译PHP。
pthreads源码包下载地址：http://pecl.php.net/package/pthreads
tar xf pthreads-1.0.0.tgz
cd pthreads-1.0.0
phpize
./configure --enable-pthreads --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make && make install
2、重新编译PHP，加载pthreads
tar xf php-5.5.8.tar.gz
tar xf pthreads-1.0.0.tgz
mv pthreads-1.0.0 php-5.5.8/ext/pthreads 将pthreads解压，移动到php/ext/下,并改名为pthreads；
来到php源码目录
./buildconf --force
./configure --help | grep thread
是否能看到--enable-threads,如果没有则执行：
rm -rf aclocal.m4
rm -rf autom4te.cache/
./buildconf --force
初始化编译配置：
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --enable-opcache --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --enable-fpm --enable-pthreads --enable-fastcgi --enable-static --enable-inline-optimization --enable-sockets --enable-wddx --enable-zip --enable-calendar --enable-bcmath --enable-soap --with-zlib --with-xmlrpc --enable-mbstring --without-sqlite --with-curl --enable-ftp --with-mcrypt --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype.2.1.10 --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg.6 --with-png-dir=/usr/local/libpng.1.2.50 --disable-ipv6 --disable-debug --with-openssl --enable-maintainer-zts --disable-safe-mode --disable-fileinfo
make && make install
cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
install -v -m755 ./php-5.5.7/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
启动php-fpm
/etc/init.d/php-fpm start
测试，查看phpinfo输出
官方文档：http://docs.php.net/manual/en/pthreads.installation.php#113019