SSM框架中的配置文件繁杂，此文帮大家疏通一下整体流程！
一 环境准备
1.1 创建maven工程
如图所示：
输入一下信息：
groupId：组织名称
artifactId：项目名称
便可进入项目中
1.2添加本次项目需要的jar包
jar包版本号
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version> <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version> <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version> <shiro.version>1.2.3</shiro.version> <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version> <mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version>
对应的说明（坐标文件）
1 <dependency>
2 <groupId>junit</groupId>
3 <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
4 <version>4.11</version>
5 <scope>test</scope>
6 </dependency>
7
8 <!-- spring -->
9 <dependency>
10 <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
11 <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
12 <version>1.6.8</version>
13 </dependency>
14
15 <dependency>
16 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
17 <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
18 <version>${spring.version}</version>
19 </dependency>
20
21 <dependency>
22 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
23 <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
24 <version>${spring.version}</version>
25 </dependency>
26
27 <dependency>
28 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
29 <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
30 <version>${spring.version}</version>
31 </dependency>
32
33 <dependency>
34 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
35 <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
36 <version>${spring.version}</version>
37 </dependency>
38
39 <dependency>
40 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
41 <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
42 <version>${spring.version}</version>
43 </dependency>
44
45 <dependency>
46 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
47 <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
48 <version>${spring.version}</version>
49 </dependency>
50
51 <dependency>
52 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
53 <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
54 <version>${spring.version}</version>
55 </dependency>
56
57 <dependency>
58 <groupId>junit</groupId>
59 <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
60 <version>4.12</version>
61 <scope>test</scope>
62 </dependency>
63
64 <dependency>
65 <groupId>mysql</groupId>
66 <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
67 <version>${mysql.version}</version>
68 </dependency>
69
70 <dependency>
71 <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
72 <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
73 <version>2.5</version>
74 <scope>provided</scope>
75 </dependency>
76
77 <dependency>
78 <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
79 <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
80 <version>2.0</version>
81 <scope>provided</scope>
82 </dependency>
83
84 <dependency>
85 <groupId>jstl</groupId>
86 <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
87 <version>1.2</version>
88 </dependency>
89
90 <!-- log start -->
91 <dependency>
92 <groupId>log4j</groupId>
93 <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
94 <version>${log4j.version}</version>
95 </dependency>
96
97 <dependency>
98 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
99 <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
100 <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
101 </dependency>
102
103 <dependency>
104 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
105 <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
106 <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
107 </dependency>
108 <!-- log end -->
109 <dependency>
110 <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
111 <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
112 <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
113 </dependency>
114
115 <dependency>
116 <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
117 <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
118 <version>1.3.0</version>
119 </dependency>
120
121 <dependency>
122 <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
123 <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
124 <version>0.9.1.2</version>
125 <type>jar</type>
126 <scope>compile</scope>
127 </dependency>
128 <dependency>
129 <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
130 <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
131 <version>RELEASE</version>
132 <scope>compile</scope>
133 </dependency>
134 <dependency>
135 <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
136 <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
137 <version>RELEASE</version>
138 <scope>compile</scope>
139 </dependency>
1.3 标记文件夹
需要注意，要用IDEA中的mark as将文件夹分别标注为源代码和配置文件
1.4 编写实体类
1 public class User {
2 private int id;
3 private String username;
4 private Date birthday;
5 private String sex;
6 private String address;
7
8 public int getId() {
9 return id;
10 }
11
12 public void setId(int id) {
13 this.id = id;
14 }
15
16 public String getUsername() {
17 return username;
18 }
19
20 public void setUsername(String username) {
21 this.username = username;
22 }
23
24 public Date getBirthday() {
25 return birthday;
26 }
27
28 public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
29 this.birthday = birthday;
30 }
31
32 public String getSex() {
33 return sex;
34 }
35
36 public void setSex(String sex) {
37 this.sex = sex;
38 }
39
40 public String getAddress() {
41 return address;
42 }
43
44 public void setAddress(String address) {
45 this.address = address;
46 }
47
48 @Override
49 public String toString() {
50 return "User{" +
51 "id=" + id +
52 ", username=‘" + username + ‘\‘‘ +
53 ", birthday=" + birthday +
54 ", sex=‘" + sex + ‘\‘‘ +
55 ", address=‘" + address + ‘\‘‘ +
56 ‘}‘;
57 }
58 }
1.5 编写业务层接口和持久层接口
持久层接口
1 public interface IUserDao {
2 public List<User> findAll();
3 }
业务层接口
1 public interface IUserService {
2 public List<User> findAll();
3 }
二、Spring框架
2.1 编写spring配置文件
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 3 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 4 xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 5 xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 6 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 7 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 8 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 9 http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 10 http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd 11 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 12 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd 13 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 14 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> 15 <!-- 配置 spring 创建容器时要扫描的包 --> 16 <context:component-scan base-package="com.justnow"> 17 <!--制定扫包规则，不扫描@Controller 注解的 JAVA 类，其他的还是要扫描 --> 18 <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> 19 </context:component-scan> 20 </beans>
使用componet-scan，可以让Spring自动识别哪些类需要被装配程Bean，从而减少在xml中的配置
2.2 使用注解配置业务层和持久层
此时，需要实现类，实现注解配置
其中持久层
1 import java.util.List;
2
3 @Repository("userDao")
4 public class UserDaoImpl implements IUserDao {
5 @Override
6 public List<User> findAll() {
7 System.out.println("查询了所有账户");
8 return null;
9 }
10 }
业务层
1 @Service("userService")
2 public class UserService implements IUserService {
3
4 @Autowired
5 private IUserDao userDao;
6
7 @Override
8 public List<User> findAll() {
9 return userDao.findAll();
10 }
11 }
因为我们使用的是自动检测Bean的方式，所以要明确知道哪些类需要注册为spring Bean。此时，需要使用构造性(stereotype)来注解所标注的类
@Component：把资源让spring来管理，相当于在xml中配置了一个Bean
@Controller：一般用于表现层的注解
@Service：一般用于业务层的注解
@Repository：一般用于持久层的注解
后面三个是第一个的衍生注解，与@Commponent作用和属性是都一样，只不过是提供了更加明确的使用场景。
注解的value指定了Bean的id。如@Service("userService")，可以表示将该类注册为Bean，其中id为userService。如果没有指定value的话，该Bean的id为类名第一个字母小写
2.3 测试spring能否独立运行
1 public class Test01Spring {
2 public static void main(String[] args) {
3 ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
4 IUserService userService = (IUserService) context.getBean("userService");
5 userService.findAll();
6 }
7 }
拿到配置文件，根据id值实例化类，执行findAll方法
执行的结果为：
说明，上述的配置过程无问题！
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/justn0w/p/11389783.html
时间： 2024-10-01 07:08:58